名人演講:The Only Thing We Have to Fear Is Fear Itself[富蘭克林·羅斯福]

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The Only Thing We Have to Fear Is Fear Itself 我們唯一應該害怕的是害怕本身 Franklin Roosevelt 富蘭克林·羅斯福

• [00:02.98]President Hoover,
• [00:06.03]Mister Chief Justice,
• [00:08.51]my friends
• [00:11.26]This is a day
• [00:12.52]of national consecration,
• [00:16.27]and I am certain
• [00:18.24]that on this day,
• [00:19.30]my fellow Americans
• [00:21.65]expect that
• [00:22.92]on my induction in the Presidency
• [00:24.69]I will address them
• [00:27.13]with a candor
• [00:28.96]and a decision
• [00:30.79]which the present situation
• [00:32.45]of our people impels.
• [00:40.91]This is preeminently the time
• [00:43.74]to speak the truth
• [00:45.79]the whole truth
• [00:47.01]frankly and boldly.
• [00:50.24]Nor need we shrink
• [00:52.58]from honestly facing the conditions
• [00:56.93]facing our country today.
• [00:58.65]This great nation will endure
• [01:01.00]as it has endured
• [01:03.14]will revive and will prosper.
• [01:12.01]So first of all,
• [01:14.00]let me express my firm belief
• [01:17.56]that the only thing we have to fear is
• [01:21.91]fear itself
• [01:24.32]nameless, unreasoning, unjustified terror,
• [01:28.50]which paralyzes needed efforts
• [01:31.35]to convert retreat into advance.
• [01:35.75]In every dark hour of our national life,
• [01:38.93]a leadership of frankness and vigor
• [01:42.47]has met with that understanding and support
• [01:45.61]of the people themselves,
• [01:47.59]which is essential to victory.
• [01:51.09]And I am convinced that
• [01:52.66]you will again
• [01:54.51]give that support to leadership
• [01:57.13]in these CRItical days.
• [02:01.35]In such a spirit on my part
• [02:03.23]and on yours,
• [02:05.10]we face our common difficulties.
• [02:08.18]They concern,
• [02:09.20]thank God,
• [02:10.58]only material things.
• [02:13.34]Values have shrunken to fantastic levels
• [02:16.59]taxes have risen,
• [02:18.05]our ability to pay has fallen
• [02:21.28]government of all kinds
• [02:23.19]is faced by serious curtailment of income
• [02:26.72]the means of exchange are frozen
• [02:28.84]in the currents of trade
• [02:30.89]the withered leaves of industrial enterprise
• [02:33.92]lie on every side;
• [02:36.06]farmers find no markets
• [02:38.03]for their produce,
• [02:39.75]and the savings of many years
• [02:41.63]and thousands of families are gone.
• [02:45.13]More important,
• [02:47.16]a host of unemployed citizens
• [02:49.99]face the grim problem of existence,
• [02:53.33]and an equal and great number toil
• [02:56.48]with little return.
• [02:57.90]Only a foolish optimist
• [02:59.91]can deny the dark realities
• [03:02.75]of the moment.
• [03:04.32]And yet, our distress
• [03:05.78]comes from no failure of substance,
• [03:08.74]we are stricken by no plague of locusts.
• [03:12.39]Compared with the perils
• [03:13.96]which our forefathers conquered,
• [03:16.56]because they believed
• [03:17.88]and were not afraid,
• [03:19.61]we have still
• [03:20.97]much to be thankful for God.
• [03:23.60]Nature surrounds us with her bounty,
• [03:25.53]and human efforts have multiplied it.
• [03:28.36]Plenty is at our doorstep,
• [03:30.66]but a generous use of it
• [03:32.28]languishes in the very sight of the supply.
• [03:35.77]Primarily,
• [03:37.39]this is because the rulers
• [03:39.11]of the exchange
• [03:40.99]of mankind's goods
• [03:43.49]have failed through
• [03:44.31]their own stubbornness
• [03:46.08]and their own incompetence,
• [03:48.56]have admitted their failure
• [03:50.63]and have abdicated.
• [03:52.99]Practices of the unscrupulous
• [03:56.22]money changers
• [03:58.32]stand indicted in the court
• [03:59.93]of public opinion,
• [04:01.55]rejected by the hearts
• [04:03.22]and minds of men.
• [04:05.70]True, they have tried,
• [04:08.38]but their efforts
• [04:09.09]have been cast in the patten
• [04:10.75]of an outworn tradition.
• [04:13.01]Faced by a failure of credit,
• [04:15.53]they have proposed
• [04:17.01]only the lending of more money.
• [04:19.45]Stripped of the lure of profit
• [04:21.23]by which they induce our people
• [04:22.75]to follow their false leadership,
• [04:26.03]they have resorted to exhortation,
• [04:28.86]pleading tearfully for restored confidence.
• [04:32.51]They only know the rules
• [04:34.45]of a generation of self-seekers.
• [04:37.19]They have no vision,
• [04:39.47]and when there is no vision,
• [04:41.49]the people perish.
• [04:47.33]Yes, the money changers have fled
• [04:50.31]from their high seats
• [04:51.59]in the temple of our civilization.
• [04:55.38]We may now restore that temple
• [04:58.92]to the ancient truth.
• [05:05.85]The measure of that restoration
• [05:09.24]lies in the extent
• [05:10.75]to which we apply social values,
• [05:13.43]more noble
• [05:14.55]than mere monetary profits.
• [05:17.23]Happiness lies not in the
• [05:18.82]mere possession of money,
• [05:20.54]it lies in the joy of achievement,
• [05:22.87]in the thrill of creative efforts,
• [05:25.20]the joy and moral
• [05:27.78]stimulation of work
• [05:28.75]no longer must be forgotten
• [05:30.98]in the mad chase of evanescent profits.
• [05:33.86]These dark days,
• [05:35.79]my friends,
• [05:36.71]will be worth all they cost us,
• [05:39.20]if they teach us that our true destiny
• [05:42.39]is not to be ministered on to,
• [05:44.66]but to minister to ourselves,
• [05:47.29]to our fellow men.
• [05:55.29]Recognition of that falsity of
• [05:58.43]material wealth as the standard
• [06:00.20]of success
• [06:01.68]goes hand in hand
• [06:03.20]with the abandonment
• [06:04.93]of a false belief that public office
• [06:07.73]and high political position
• [06:10.23]are to be valued only
• [06:11.96]by the standards of pride
• [06:13.92]of place and personal profits,
• [06:16.46]and there must be an end
• [06:18.89]to our conduct in banking
• [06:21.01]and in business,
• [06:22.43]which too often has given
• [06:23.90]to a sacred trust the likeness
• [06:26.48]of callous and selfish wrong-doing.
• [06:35.02]Small wonder
• [06:36.89]that confidence languishes,
• [06:39.72]for it thrives only on honesty,
• [06:42.76]on honor,
• [06:44.83]on the sacredness of our obligations,
• [06:47.56]on faithful protection
• [06:50.55]and on unselfish performance.
• [06:53.65]Without them it cannot live.
• [06:58.00]Restoration calls,
• [06:59.36]however,
• [07:00.80]not for changes in ethics alone.
• [07:04.43]This nation is asking for action
• [07:07.94]and action now.
• [07:16.04]Our greatest primary task is to put
• [07:18.98]people to work.
• [07:25.26]This is no unsolvable problem
• [07:27.32]if we take it wisely and courageously.
• [07:30.63]It can be accomplished
• [07:31.80]in part
• [07:33.11]by direct recruiting
• [07:34.73]by the government itself,
• [07:37.00]treating the task as we would
• [07:38.72]treat the emergency of a war,
• [07:41.25]but at the same time,
• [07:42.52]through this employment,
• [07:44.81]accomplishing greatly needed projects
• [07:47.51]to stimulate and reorganize
• [07:50.00]the use of our great natural resources.
• [07:53.40]Hand in hand with that,
• [07:55.82]we must frankly recognize
• [07:57.03]the overbalance of population
• [07:59.51]in our industrial centers
• [08:01.79]and by engaging on a national scale
• [08:04.92]in a redistribution
• [08:07.36]in an effort to provide better use
• [08:09.92]of the land for those best fitted
• [08:12.39]for the land.
• [08:16.71]Yes, the task can be helped by
• [08:18.45]definite efforts to raise the value
• [08:19.67]of the agricultural product
• [08:22.60]and with this the power
• [08:24.28]to purchase the output of our cities.
• [08:27.00]It can be helped by preventing realistically,
• [08:31.12]the tragedy of the growing loss
• [08:33.15]through foreclosures
• [08:34.92]of our small homes and our farms.
• [08:38.16]It can be helped by insistence
• [08:40.90]that the federal,
• [08:42.43]the state,
• [08:43.69]and the local government act forthwith
• [08:47.04]on the demands that their cost
• [08:49.67]be drastically reduce.
• [08:54.07]It can be helped by the unifying
• [08:56.45]of relief activities which today
• [08:58.06]are often scattered,
• [09:00.19]uneconomical, unequal.
• [09:02.69]It can be helped by national planning for,
• [09:06.18]and supervision of
• [09:07.84]all forms of transportation,
• [09:10.47]and of communications,
• [09:12.40]and other utilities that
• [09:14.31]have a definitely public character.
• [09:16.59]There are many ways in which
• [09:18.17]it can be helped,
• [09:19.67]but it can never be helped
• [09:22.09]by merely talking about it.
• [09:30.03]We must act,
• [09:31.44]we must act quickly.
• [09:33.21]And finally,
• [09:34.48]in our progress toward
• [09:35.86]a resumption of work,
• [09:37.67]we require two safeguards
• [09:40.86]against the return of the evils
• [09:42.73]of the old order;
• [09:44.30]there must be a strict supervision
• [09:46.68]of all banking and credits and investments;
• [09:55.83]there must be an end to speculation
• [09:58.96]with other people's money
• [10:06.06]and there must be provision
• [10:07.93]for an adequate
• [10:09.60]but sound currency.
• [10:14.27]These, my friends,
• [10:15.80]are the lines of attack.
• [10:18.17]I shall presently urge
• [10:20.40]upon a new Congress
• [10:22.67]in special session,
• [10:25.10]detailed measures for their fulfillment,
• [10:28.19]and I shall seek the immediate assistance
• [10:32.28]of the 48 states.
• [10:40.08]Through this program of action,
• [10:43.52]we address ourselves
• [10:44.53]to putting our own national house in order,
• [10:47.87]and making income balance outgo.
• [10:52.82]Our international trade relations,
• [10:55.91]though vastly important,
• [10:58.30]are in point of time
• [11:00.42]and necessity
• [11:02.10]secondary to the establishment
• [11:04.12]of a sound national economy.
• [11:08.80]I favor as a practical policy the putting
• [11:13.96]of first things first.
• [11:17.90]I shall spare no effort
• [11:20.18]to restore world trade
• [11:21.74]by international economic readjustment,
• [11:24.95]but the emergency at home
• [11:27.35]cannot wait on that accomplishment.
• [11:30.94]The basic thought
• [11:32.52]that guides these specific means
• [11:34.69]of national recovery
• [11:36.86]is not narrowly nationalistic.
• [11:40.96]It is the insistence,
• [11:42.62]as a first consideration
• [11:45.01]upon the interdependence
• [11:46.68]of the various elements
• [11:48.15]in all parts of
• [11:50.17]the United States of America
• [11:52.40]a recognition
• [11:53.82]of the old
• [11:54.98]and the permanently important
• [11:56.71]manifestation of the American spirit
• [12:00.00]of the pioneer.
• [12:02.12]It is the way to recovery;
• [12:04.30]it is the immediate way;
• [12:06.28]it is the strongest assurance
• [12:08.47]that recovery will endure.
• [12:11.72]In the field of world policy,
• [12:14.29]I would dedicate this nation
• [12:17.68]to the policy of the good neighbor.
• [12:23.39]The neighbor
• [12:24.20]who resolutely respects himself,
• [12:27.30]and because he does so,
• [12:30.08]respects the rights of others.
• [12:33.32]The neighbor who respects his obligations,
• [12:36.47]and respects the sanctity of his agreements,
• [12:40.10]in and with,
• [12:41.82]a world of neighbor.
• [12:48.79]If I read the temper of our people correctly,
• [12:52.74]we now realize
• [12:54.16]what we have never realized before,
• [12:56.49]our inter-dependence on each other,
• [13:00.08]that we cannot merely take,
• [13:02.92]but we must give as well.
• [13:08.22]That if we are to go forward,
• [13:10.64]we must move as a trained
• [13:12.51]and loyal army,
• [13:14.20]willing to saCRIfice
• [13:16.04]for the good
• [13:16.75]of a common discipline,
• [13:19.14]because without such discipline,
• [13:22.03]no progress can be made,
• [13:24.32]no leadership becomes effective.
• [13:27.75]We are all ready and willing
• [13:30.73]to submit our lives
• [13:32.06]and our property
• [13:34.03]to such discipline
• [13:35.81]because it makes possible
• [13:38.32]a leadership which aims
• [13:40.45]at the larger good.
• [13:42.93]This, I propose to offer,
• [13:47.27]we are going to larger purposes,
• [13:49.55]bind upon us,
• [13:51.16]bind upon us all,
• [13:53.15]as a sacred obligation
• [13:55.32]with a unity of duty,
• [13:57.29]hitherto evoked only in times
• [13:59.59]of armed strife.
• [14:01.70]With this pledge taken,
• [14:04.39]I assume unhesitatingly,
• [14:06.87]the leadership of this great army
• [14:08.59]of our people
• [14:10.58]dedicated to a disciplined attack
• [14:12.65]upon our common problems.
• [14:15.83]Action in this image,
• [14:17.86]action to this end,
• [14:20.08]is feasible
• [14:22.35]under the form of government
• [14:24.28]which we have inherited from my ancestors.
• [14:27.26]Our constitution is so simple,
• [14:29.54]so practical,
• [14:31.57]that it is possible always,
• [14:33.24]to meet extraordinary needs,
• [14:35.64]by changes in emphasis
• [14:37.56]and arrangements
• [14:39.03]without loss of a central form,
• [14:42.36]that is why our constitutional system
• [14:45.64]has proved itself
• [14:47.47]the most superbly
• [14:49.03]enduring political mechanism
• [14:51.42]the modern world has ever seen.
• [14:54.50]It has met every stress
• [14:56.33]of vast expansion of territory,
• [14:59.05]of foreign wars,
• [15:00.92]of bitter internal strife,
• [15:03.24]of world relations.
• [15:06.18]And it is to be hoped
• [15:08.20]that the normal balance
• [15:09.62]of executive and legislative authority
• [15:12.70]may be fully equal,
• [15:15.08]fully adequate
• [15:16.61]to meet the uNPRecedented task
• [15:18.72]before us.
• [15:20.29]But it may be
• [15:22.47]that an uNPRecedented demand
• [15:25.20]and need for undelay action
• [15:28.63]may call for temporary departure
• [15:31.52]from that normal balance
• [15:33.54]of public procedure.
• [15:36.12]I am prepared
• [15:37.69]under my constitutional duty
• [15:40.21]to recommend the measures
• [15:41.73]that a stricken nation in the midst
• [15:43.45]of a stricken world may require.
• [15:46.23]These measures,
• [15:48.97]or such other measures
• [15:51.76]as the Congress may build
• [15:54.44]out of its experience and wisdom,
• [15:57.98]I shall seek,
• [15:58.89]within my constitutional authority,
• [16:01.37]to bring to speedy adoption.
• [16:04.50]But in the event that the Congress
• [16:07.34]shall fail to take
• [16:08.75]one of these two courses,
• [16:11.04]and in the event that the national emergency
• [16:14.13]is still CRItical,
• [16:15.40]I shall not evade
• [16:16.86]the clear course of duty
• [16:18.73]that will then confront me.
• [16:21.37]I shall ask the Congress
• [16:23.80]for the one remaining instrument
• [16:25.47]to meet the crisis
• [16:27.03]broad executive power
• [16:30.58]to wage a war against the emergency,
• [16:34.57]as great as the power
• [16:37.51]that would be given to me
• [16:39.42]if we were in fact invaded
• [16:41.86]by a foreign foe.
• [16:51.67]For the trust reposed in me
• [16:54.91]I will return the courage
• [16:56.54]and the devotion
• [16:57.46]that befit the time.
• [16:59.58]I can do no less.
• [17:02.36]We face the arduous days
• [17:04.17]that lie before us
• [17:06.31]in the warm courage
• [17:09.01]of national unity,
• [17:11.58]with the clearest consciousness
• [17:14.46]of seeking all
• [17:15.74]and precious moral values,
• [17:19.44]with the clean satisfaction that comes
• [17:22.47]from the stern performance
• [17:24.88]of duty by old and young alike,
• [17:28.27]we aim at the assurance
• [17:29.94]of a rounded,
• [17:31.56]a permanent national life.
• [17:34.71]We do not distrust
• [17:37.89]the future of essential democracy.
• [17:43.50]The people of the United States
• [17:46.68]have not failed.
• [17:49.42]In their need,
• [17:50.98]they have registered a mandate
• [17:53.67]that they want direct,
• [17:56.50]vigorous action.
• [17:59.08]They have asked for discipline,
• [18:01.66]and direction under a leadership,
• [18:05.20]they have made me
• [18:06.82]the present instrument
• [18:09.04]of their wishes.
• [18:11.21]In the spirit of the gift,
• [18:13.54]I take it.
• [18:15.86]In this dedication,
• [18:18.64]in this dedication of a nation,
• [18:22.54]we humbly ask
• [18:25.27]the blessings of God.
• [18:28.66]May He protect
• [18:31.09]each and every one of us!
• [18:34.72]May He guide me
• [18:37.40]in the days to come!