替代詞it, that, (the) one(s), those的用法

　　兩者都可替代“the+單數(shù)名詞(可數(shù)或不可數(shù))”，均表特指，但it指前面提到的“同一”事物，而that是指前面提到的“同類”事物。如：

　?、賂he Parkers bought a new house but ________will need a lot of work before they can move in.

　　A. they B. it C. one D. which

　　解析：答案選B。it替代 “the + house”，指的就是前面提到的the Parkers所買的那座新房子。

　?、贔ew pleasures can equal ________ of a cool drink on a hot day.

　　A. some B. any C. that D. those

　　解析：答案選C。that替代the pleasure，指與前面提到的同屬“快樂的事”。

　　2. 替代詞one的用法

　　one用以替代“a+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”，表示泛指。特指的the one相當(dāng)于that;the one復(fù)數(shù)形式the ones，在口語中也常用those代替;當(dāng)后面有of短語時(shí)，一般用that或those，當(dāng)有前置修飾語時(shí)，只能用one(s)，如the red one。one(s), the one(s), those, that都是替代“同類”事物，其中只有that可替代不可數(shù)名詞。如：

　?、賅e needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made ________ from some wood we had.

　　A. it B. one C. himself D. another

　　解析：答案選B，one替代a cupboard。

　?、贛r Zhang gave the textbooks to all the pupils except ________who had already taken them.

　　A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others

　　解析：答案選A，后面的定語從句是特指，the ones替代 the pupils。此處也可用those。