時差N小時:NASA教你如何防滑 NASA Wants To Teach You About Hydroplaning

Hydroplaning happens when a vehicle moves tooquickly along a wet road. A layer of wateraccumulates under the tires; they lift up and losetraction; the driver loses control.

當車輛在潮濕的路面上開得太快時會出現(xiàn)打滑現(xiàn)象。輪胎下聚積的一層水會抬高輪胎，失去牽引力，駕駛員會失去對車輛的控制。

Now, what does NASA have to do with hydroplaning?

美國國家航空航天局與打滑現(xiàn)象有什么關系呢?

Here's an historical look at the science story.

我們來看下科學的歷史。Hydroplaning is a relatively newphenomenon for humans, given that the combination of high speed and smooth pavementthat's necessary has only fairly recently become possible.

打滑現(xiàn)象對人們來說是相對較新的現(xiàn)象，因為高速和光滑的人行道也是最近相對才有的。

In fact, it wasn't until 1957 that a tire treadmill study first experimentally demonstratedhydroplaning “in action.”

事實上，直到1957年一臺帶輪胎的踏車最先通過試驗演示了打滑現(xiàn)象的存在。

That study was motivated by airplanes.

那項研究是由飛機引發(fā)的靈感。

Hydroplaning had been causing a lot of problems for pilots landing on wet runways.

飛行員降落在潮濕跑道上，打滑現(xiàn)象已經(jīng)給他們造成了大量的問題。

Here's where NASA comes in. NASA scientists wanted to figure out what hydroplaning was allabout.

這也是NASA介入的原因。NASA科學家試圖弄明白打滑現(xiàn)象究竟是怎么回事。

So, they collected a lot of data, and produced a mathematical formula to illustrate howquickly a vehicle could travel on a wet surface before entering hydroplane mode.

因此，他們收集了很多數(shù)據(jù)，并且得出一個數(shù)學公式來說明車輛在潮濕的路面以多快的速度行駛就會打滑。

They published the equation in 1963, along with information about the effects of water depth,paving technique, tire tread, and vehicle weight on hydroplaning risk.

1963年，科學家們公布了這個數(shù)學公式，同時告訴大家水的深度、人行道的鋪設技術，輪胎面以及車的重量對打滑的影響。

This publication offered several important safety tips.

這次信息的公開提供了幾個重要的安全提示。

For example, use well-treaded, fully inflated tires; and, don't slam on the brakes if you skid onwet pavement.

例如，使用較好的輪胎面，完全充氣的輪胎，如果你在潮濕的地面上剎車時，不要用力踩剎車。

These suggestions may sound commonplace, and we now also know that vehicles with antilock brakes require slightly different hydroplane handling than those without.

這些建議似乎是老生常談，我們現(xiàn)在也知道帶防鎖死剎車裝置的車輛處理打滑現(xiàn)象時與沒有該剎車的車輛稍有不同。

However, we can thank those NASA scientists from fifty years ago for getting the word out, andhelping to keep all drivers-on runways and roads-safer on rainy days.

但無論如何，我們都要感激50年前NASA科學家們告訴我們打滑現(xiàn)象，使所有跑道和道路上的駕駛員在雨天能更安全行駛。