時(shí)差N小時(shí):恐懼的解析 The anatomy of fear

Don:The anatomy of fear, on this Moment ofScience.

唐:今天的科學(xué)一刻為您帶來的是恐懼的解析。

Yael:One nice day you're walking along a woodedpath.

雅艾爾:在一個(gè)天氣不錯(cuò)的日子里，你正在林蔭小道里漫步。

You come around a corner and there, coiled in thepath, is a huge rattlesnake, it's rattles abuzz.

但走到小道拐角一處時(shí)，你突然發(fā)現(xiàn)一條巨大的響尾蛇就在那里蜷縮著!還嘶嘶吐著蛇信。

You are deathly afraid of snakes.

你可是天生怕蛇怕得要死。

Don: Various parts of the brain signal the nervous systems and organs to prepare to takeaction.

唐:這時(shí)大腦中的各個(gè)部分給神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)各個(gè)器官發(fā)出信號(hào)以對(duì)此作出反應(yīng)：

The pupils of the eyes dilate, the thyroid gland raises the resting metabolic rate, thebronchioles in the lungs dilate to admit more oxygen, hairs stand on end, heart rate and bloodpressure rise to supply the body and brain with fuel.

瞳孔放大，甲狀腺加快新陳代謝，肺部的支氣管擴(kuò)張吸進(jìn)更多氧氣，毛發(fā)豎起，心率加快，血壓上升以便供給身體和大腦能量。Yael:The liver begins to break downsugars for quick energy, blood vessels in the skin contract causing chills and sweating, thespleen pumps out white blood cells in case there is an injury, stomach and intestine enzymesecretion and muscle activity needed for digestion stop, and blood vessels in the stomach andintestines contract to divert blood to the muscles.

雅艾爾:肝臟加速分解糖分供能。皮下血管收縮，身體發(fā)冷出汗。脾臟產(chǎn)生更多白細(xì)胞抵抗受傷。腸胃酶的分泌及肌肉活動(dòng)引起食欲不振。腸胃的血管收縮，血液傳輸?shù)郊∪饨M織。

Don:The bladder and colon prepare to empty, the central portion of the adrenal medullafloods the bloodstream with adrenaline and noradrenaline, constricting the blood vessels,breathing quickens.

唐:膀胱和結(jié)腸有可能排空，血液隨腎上腺素和去甲腎上腺素匯聚到腎上腺髓質(zhì)的中部，血管收縮，呼吸加快。

The entire body is in a state of high alert, ready to stay and fight or say "Feet don't fail menow."

整個(gè)人都處于高度戒備，要么呆在那不動(dòng)，或者人蛇大戰(zhàn)，再或者告訴自己“我可根本不怕哦”。

Yael:Did you follow all that?

雅艾爾:你會(huì)有上述所有反應(yīng)嗎?

Of course not, but all that, and more, happens in your body within seconds of your sensing athreat.

當(dāng)然不是所有咯!但是，當(dāng)你遭遇驚嚇，身體會(huì)在僅僅幾秒內(nèi)產(chǎn)生更多反應(yīng)。

Don:It makes us tired just thinking about it

唐:光想想就夠累人的!