歷屆美國(guó)總統(tǒng)介紹:第33任總統(tǒng) 哈里·S·杜魯門(mén)

Harry S. Truman was the 33rd President of theUnited States (1945-1953). Truman was born inMissouri in 1884 and grew up on his family’s farm.He went to France during World War I as a captain.Returning, he married Elizabeth Virginia Wallace,and opened a wool shop in Kansas City. Truman wasthe only president who served after 1897 without acollege degree. His poor eyesight halted his studies.

哈里·S·杜魯門(mén)是美國(guó)第33任總統(tǒng)，任期為1945-1953.1884年，杜魯門(mén)出生于密蘇里州，在家里的農(nóng)場(chǎng)中長(zhǎng)大。作為一名軍官，一戰(zhàn)期間他前往法國(guó)參戰(zhàn)?；貒?guó)之后，他與貝絲·華萊士完婚，之后在堪薩斯州開(kāi)了自己的羊絨店。自1897年以來(lái)，杜魯門(mén)是唯一一位沒(méi)有大學(xué)學(xué)歷的美國(guó)總統(tǒng)。他的視力問(wèn)題讓他停止了學(xué)業(yè)。

Active in the Democratic Party, Truman was elected a judge of the Jackson County Court (anadministrative position) in 1922. He became a Senator in 1934. During World War II he headedthe Senate war investigatingcommittee, checking into waste and corruption and saved up to$15 billion and thousands of lives. His efforts put him on the cover of ‘Time’ magazine in 1943.

他曾在民主黨中活躍一時(shí)，1922年，杜魯門(mén)當(dāng)選為密蘇里州杰克遜縣的法院法官(這是一個(gè)行政職位)。1934年，他成為了參議員。在二戰(zhàn)時(shí)期，他領(lǐng)導(dǎo)了一個(gè)調(diào)查委員會(huì)，重點(diǎn)調(diào)查浪費(fèi)和腐敗，并省去了150億美金，以及上千條生命。1943年，杜魯門(mén)更因此出現(xiàn)在了《時(shí)代周刊》的封面上。

Truman became vice president in 1944. He succeeded to the presidency on April 12, 1945,when President Roosevelt died. He told reporters, "I felt like the moon, the stars, and all theplanets had fallen on me." As President, Truman made some of the most crucial decisions inhistory, including the nuclear attacks on Japan, the defense of Berlin against communism, andAmerica’s entry into the Korean War.

1944年，他成為了美國(guó)副總統(tǒng)。羅斯福死后，杜魯門(mén)于1945年的4月12日繼任總統(tǒng)。杜魯門(mén)曾告訴媒體：“我的感覺(jué)就像月亮、星星和所有星球都要墜落到我身上”。作為總統(tǒng)，杜魯門(mén)做出了幾個(gè)能夠改變歷史的重大決定，包括向日本投放原子彈、柏林對(duì)抗共產(chǎn)主義，以及美國(guó)參加朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。

In June 1945 Truman witnessed the signing of the charter of the United Nations andnegotiated the alliancethat became NATO. After WWII, he presented to Congress his “Fair Deal”to modernize the USA and introduce greater social welfare. He also oversaw the Marshall Plan,which brought economic recovery in war-torn Western Europe. He decided not to run for athird term. He died in 1972 aged 88.

1945年，杜魯門(mén)見(jiàn)證了聯(lián)合國(guó)憲章的簽署，并于聯(lián)盟協(xié)商建立北大西洋公約組織。二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后，他向國(guó)會(huì)遞交了他的“公平施政”，這將讓美國(guó)走向現(xiàn)代化，并實(shí)施了許多社會(huì)福利。他見(jiàn)證了馬希爾計(jì)劃，這讓?xiě)?zhàn)后的歐洲經(jīng)濟(jì)得以復(fù)蘇。他決定不參加第三屆總統(tǒng)選舉。1972年與世長(zhǎng)辭，享年88歲。

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