Quora精選：中國在古代是世界強(qiáng)國嗎？

Was China a super power in ancient times?古代中國是超級強(qiáng)國嗎？

 

獲得48.7k好評的回答@Pun Anansakunwat：

China has been a global superpower in almost every historical period.中國幾乎在每一個(gè)歷史時(shí)期都是全球范圍的超級強(qiáng)國。The only exception was the century of humiliation (1850–1949), or during the imperialism era.唯一的例外就是屈辱的一個(gè)世紀(jì)(1850–1949)，或者叫帝國主義時(shí)代。In Pre-Qin dynasties, China was ruled (nominally) by Shang and Zhou rulers. Their territories, despite being small compared to present-day China, was larger than its contemporary civilization, such as ancient Greece and ancient Egypt. The technology was at least equal to both civilizations. Almost every nomadic tribe in China proper was subjugated by Chinese states under the Zhou dynasty. The tribal people were sinicized, and became “Chinese.” During this age, Chinese culture flourished. Many ideological groups (Confucianism, Legalism, etc.) spawned in this era.先秦時(shí)期，中國在名義上被商周統(tǒng)治者統(tǒng)治。他們的疆域雖然比今天的中國小，但也比當(dāng)時(shí)其他的文明古國都大，比如古希臘和古埃及，技術(shù)也不低于這兩種文明。幾乎當(dāng)時(shí)中國每個(gè)游牧部落都隸屬于周朝時(shí)期的中國，游牧民族被同化，變成了“中國人”。這一時(shí)期中國文化繁榮起來，許多思想派別（儒家思想、法家思想等）都在這一時(shí)期蓬勃發(fā)展。

春秋時(shí)期的中華文明

Chinese civilization in the Warring States period, notice that the entire territory of Chinese civilization increased because of the colonization of the outer areas by states, especially Qin and Chu. Qin defeated as many as 25 tribes, and annexed the areas once controlled by nomads.戰(zhàn)國時(shí)期的中華文明，值得注意的是中華文明整體疆域的擴(kuò)張是由于國家對外的吞并，尤其是秦國和楚國。秦國打敗了多達(dá)25個(gè)部落，吞并了曾被游牧部落控制的地區(qū)。In Qin dynasty and Han dynasty, China became a unified, centralized empire (completely in the reign of Emperor Wu of Han). China became the end destination of the silk road. Trade and economy were flourished. Unlike Rome that was defeated by the nomads, Han Dynasty managed to defeat the mighty Xiongnu confederacy at its homeland, and repelled these nomads from the Chinese border. Furthermore, the eastern part of Central Asia, and Korea was conquered by Han Dynasty as well.中國在秦朝和漢代變成統(tǒng)一的中央集權(quán)的帝國（完全受漢武帝統(tǒng)治）。中國成為了絲綢之路的終端，貿(mào)易和經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮發(fā)展。不像被游牧民族打敗的羅馬，漢朝成功地在匈奴地區(qū)擊敗了強(qiáng)大的匈奴聯(lián)軍，在中國邊境擊退了這些游牧民族。此外，中亞的東部地區(qū)和朝鮮也被漢朝占領(lǐng)。

漢代地圖：國家地理雜志

Han Dynasty later defeated the Yue people in Fujian, and sinicized them.漢朝后來打敗了福建的粵族，并將其同化。China (In red) had a large economy since antiquity. Notice that the share of world GDP decreased sharply during the century of humiliation (1849–1949), which paralleled to the imperialist era. The only country that had a larger share of world GDP in antiquity than China was India. However, since AD1, ancient India was not united into a single state as China (Han Dynasty). The closest ones were the Gupta Empire (320CE–550CE).中國（紅色區(qū)域）從古代起就很富庶。值得注意的是中國在那屈辱的一個(gè)世紀(jì)(1849–1949)也叫帝國主義時(shí)代中在世界GDP中所占份額驟降，唯一在古代比中國所占全球GDP份額大的國家是印度。然而，從公元1年起，古印度不像中國（漢朝）一樣是統(tǒng)一國家，距離現(xiàn)在最近的是笈多王朝（公元320年—550年）。

 

（翻譯：菲菲）

(來源:滬江)