第八章 動詞的非謂語形式 不定式組成復合結構

　　1.在不少動詞后面可用不定式和一個名詞(代詞)一起組成復合賓語:

　　She asked me to call again.

　　她讓我再去打一次電話。

　　He wants you to call him back at 11.

　　他要你十一點鐘給他回電話。

　　I'll get someone to repair the recorder for you.

　　我去找人幫你修錄音機。

　　They encouraged him to try again.

　　他們鼓勵他再試一次。

　　2.在make, let, have, see, hear, watch, notice, feel等動詞后的復合賓語中不定式不帶to：

　　In a minute you'll see the sun rise.

　　一會兒你可以看到太陽升起。

　　Then he heard the bell ring again.

　　后來他又聽到鈴聲響了。

　　I'll have him call you right back.

　　我讓他馬上給你回電話。

　　He watched the people go by.

　　他看著人們從旁邊經(jīng)過。

　　在help后的不定式可加to，也可不加to：

　　Can anyone help me (to)do it?

　　誰能幫我做這事?

　　We'll help you look.

　　我們來幫你找。

　　一般的理解為，如果幫助別人需要自己參與動手的話省略to，如果幫助別人不需要自己參與動手的話則要帶to，例如：

　　Can you help me do my homework?

　　你能幫我做作業(yè)嗎?(代寫作業(yè))

　　Can you help me to do my homework? (意思同：Can you help me with my homework?)

　　你能幫我一下作業(yè)嗎?(指導一下)

　　3.被動結構中不定式必須帶to：

　　She was often seen to act like that.

　　人們常常到她這樣做。

　　They were made to work day and night.

　　他們被迫日夜干活。

　　Someone was heard to come up the stairs.

　　聽見有人走上樓來。

　　第1段中所談句子也常可用于被動結構：

　　They are encouraged to take part in the contest.

　　鼓勵他們參加比賽。

　　She was asked to recite a poem.

　　大家要她朗頌一首詩。

　　He Was asked to recite.

　　他被要求背誦課文。

　　4.下面句子也包含由不定式構成的復合謂語:

　　He is said to be from a peasant family.

　　據(jù)說他是農(nóng)民出身。

　　She is likely to welcome the idea.

　　她可能歡迎這個想法。

　　We are bound to meet with difficulties.

　　我們一定會碰到閑難。