第三章 時(shí)態(tài) 時(shí)態(tài)的緊縮形式

　　1.在口語(yǔ)中，很多時(shí)態(tài)有緊縮形式，這也反映在書(shū)面語(yǔ)中，如：

　　I am waiting for your answer.

　　可緊縮為I'm waiting for your answer

　　I shall not be away long.

　　可緊縮為I shan't be away long.

　　2 英語(yǔ)中主要的緊縮形式可歸納如下：

　　緊縮形式 完全形式 例句

　　'm am I'm walking.

　　're are We're running.

　　's is, has He's on the way but she's got home.

　　'll shall, will We'll go to the UK next year.

　　'd should,would I'd like to take it.

　　had He'd better not go.

　　ain't am not I'm right, ain't I?

　　aren't are not They aren't busy.

　　isn't is not It isn't my pen.

　　hasn't has not He hasn't finished it.

　　won't will not I won't die.

　　shan't shall not We shan't give it up.

　　wouldn't would not Tom wouldn't leave.

　　shouldn't should not You shouldn't say no.

　　hadn't had not They hadn't done the homework when I came in.

　　didn't did not I didn't believe them then.

　　don't do not I don't know.

　　doesn't does not It doesn't matter.

　　3.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定形式也常用緊縮形式:

　　can not—can't

　　could not—couldn't

　　must not—mustn't

　　need not—needn't

　　dare not—daren't

　　may not 一般認(rèn)為沒(méi)有緊縮形式。

　　might not緊縮形式為mightn't，但用得很少。