兩個常用名詞的用法:cup與glass
兩者均表示“杯子”,但cup主要指帶有手柄的杯子,如茶杯、咖啡杯等;而glass意為“玻璃杯”,指由玻璃做成的杯子,如喝啤酒用的啤酒杯,喝紅酒用的高腳酒杯等。漢語說的“一杯……”,英語可用a cup of和a glass of,但有一定區(qū)別,使用原則如下:
1. 表示酒類的東西,一般用a glass of。如:
Would you like a glass of sherry? 要來一杯雪利酒嗎?
He drank the glass of whisky in one gulp. 他把整杯威士忌一飲而盡。
Most likely he had gone for a glass of beer. 很可能他去喝杯啤酒去了。
I poured him a glass of wine, which he drank at once. 我給他斟了一杯葡萄酒,他馬上就喝了。
2. 表示除酒類之外的東西,一般用a cup of。如:
Would you like a cup of coffee? 您想喝一杯咖啡嗎?
They had a chat over a cup of tea. 他們喝茶時聊著天。
She drank a cup of pineapple juice. 她喝了一杯菠蘿汁。
Mother gave me a glass of milk. 媽媽遞給我一杯牛奶。
He poured himself a glass of orange juice. 他給自己倒了一杯橙汁。
I was merry after only a glass of champagne. 我喝了一杯香檳后就有點兒醉了。
He measured out a cup of milk and added it to the mixture. 他倒了一杯牛奶,摻了進去。
3. 表示一杯水,一般用a glass of。如:
Would you like a glass of water? 你想喝杯水嗎?
He drank three glasses of water. 他喝了3杯水。
在日常交際中,一般會遵循以上原則,但在某些特殊語境中也可能有所突破,如:
Two glasses of lemonade, please. 請來兩杯檸檬汽水。(www.hxen.com)
He refreshed himself with a glass of iced tea. 他喝了杯冰茶來提神。
After another cup of whisky she started to feel dizzy. 又喝了一杯威士忌后她開始感到頭暈。
另外,有時還可用于非液體的東西,此時需視具體情況而定。如:
You need two cups of flour and half a cup of butter. 你需要兩杯面粉和半杯黃油。
As a rough guide, allow half a cup of rice per person. 大致定個標準,就是每個人半杯米。
4. 用于表示“優(yōu)勝杯”“獎杯”“錦標賽”等意義時,習慣上用cup,不用glass。如:
The captain of the winning team raised the cup in the air. 獲勝球隊的隊長高舉獎杯。
During the World Cup our streets were filled with football fans. 在舉行世界杯期間,我們街上擠滿了足球迷。
We got knocked out of the Cup in the first round. 我們在錦標賽的第一輪比賽中就被淘汰了。