condition的五個語法要點
1. 在“in+a.+condition”這類結(jié)構(gòu)中,形容詞前有時帶不定冠詞,有時不帶不定冠詞,大致原則是:若是籠統(tǒng)地說某種情況“好”或“不好”,則通常不用冠詞,如:
in good (excellent, perfect, favourable, first class, top, bad, poor, etc) condition
若具體地描述某種情況是如何地“好”或如何地“不好”,則通常用不定冠詞,如:
in a serious condition 情況嚴重
in an undecided condition 懸而未決的狀態(tài)
但有些情況下用不用不定冠詞均可。如:
The patient was in (a) critical condition. 病人的情況十分危急。
2. 有形容詞修飾的in condition相當(dāng)于in good condition,其意為“(健康)狀況良好”,其反義結(jié)構(gòu)是out of condition,相當(dāng)于 in bad condition,其意為“健康欠佳”。
3. 示“環(huán)境”“情況”等,習(xí)慣上要用復(fù)數(shù),表示“在…情況(環(huán)境)下”,其前可用介詞in或under。如:
He was brought up in [under] very difficult conditions. 他在極其困難的境況下長大。
4. 表示“以……為條件”時,其前通常接介詞on。如:
You may go only on certain conditions. 你只有在一定條件下才能去。
5. 習(xí)語on condition that表示條件,相當(dāng)于 (only) if,其后接that從句的謂語通常用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來意義,但在正式文體中可用“(should+)動詞原形”。如:
He can use the bicycle upon condition that he returns [(should) return] it tomorrow. 自行車可以借給他,條件是明天必須歸還。