新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)Lesson 80 The Crystal Palace

Lesson 80 The Crystal Palace 水晶宮

First listen and then answer the question.
聽(tīng)錄音，然后回答以下問(wèn)題。
How many people visited the Great Exhibition of 1851?
    
Perhaps the most extraordinary building of the nineteeth century was the Crystal Palace, which was built in Hyde Park for the Great Exhibition of 1851. The Crystal Palace was different from all other buildings in the world, for it was made of iron and glass. It was one of the biggest buildings of all time and a lot of people from many countries came to see it. A great many goods were sent to the exhibition from various parts of the world. There was also a great deal of machinery on display. The most wonderful piece of machinery on show was Nasmyth's steam hammer. Though in those days, traveling was not as easy as it is today, steam boats carried thousands of visitors across the Channel from Europe. On arriving in England, they were taken to the Crystal Palace by train. There were six million visitors in all, and the profits from the exhibition were used to build museums and colleges. Later, the Crystal Palace was moved to South London. It remained one of the most famous buildings in the world until it was burnt down in 1936.

New words and expressions 生詞和短語(yǔ)

palace n. 宮殿
extraordinary adj. 不平常的，非凡的
exhibition n. 展覽
iron n. 鐵
various adj. 各種各樣的
machinery n. 機(jī)器
display n. 展覽
steam n. 蒸汽
profit n. 利潤(rùn)
college n. 學(xué)院

參考譯文

19世紀(jì)最不尋常的建筑也許要數(shù)水晶宮了，它是為1851年的“世界博覽會(huì)”而建在海德公園的。這座水晶宮不同于世界上所有的其他建筑，因?yàn)樗怯娩摵筒ＡЫǔ傻?。它是有史以?lái)最高大的建筑物之一，因此，人們從各個(gè)國(guó)家紛紛前來(lái)參觀。大量的商品從世界各地運(yùn)送到了博覽會(huì)，參展的還有很多機(jī)器，其中最奇妙的是內(nèi)史密斯的蒸汽錘。盡管在當(dāng)時(shí)旅行不像現(xiàn)在這么容易，但汽船還是把成千上萬(wàn)的參觀者從歐洲大陸送過(guò)了英吉利海峽。一到英國(guó)，火車就把他們送到了水晶宮。參觀的人數(shù)總共是600萬(wàn)。博覽會(huì)的贏利用來(lái)建造博物館和高等學(xué)校。后來(lái)，“水晶宮”被移到了倫敦南部。在1936年被焚毀之前，它一直是世界上最著名的建筑物之一。
 

 

　　自學(xué)導(dǎo)讀
　　課文詳注 Further notes on the text
　　1． which was built in Hyde Park…
　　這是一個(gè)非限定性關(guān)系從句，修飾逗號(hào)前的 the Crystal Palace。
　　這個(gè)從句如果去掉并不影響主句的意思。
　　2．It was one of the biggest buildings of all time…它是有史以來(lái)最高大的建筑物之一……
　　of all time表示“有史以來(lái)”、“空前的”，常與形容詞的最高級(jí)連
　　用，表示范圍：
　　He is one of the greatest men of all time.
　　他是有史以來(lái)最偉大的人物之一。
　　one of+最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)氣比直接用形容詞最高級(jí)
　　+名詞結(jié)構(gòu)要緩和些，不那么絕對(duì)。試比較：
　　3．There was also a great deal of machinery on display. 參展的還有很多機(jī)器。
　　（1）machinery為“機(jī)器”、“機(jī)械裝置”的總稱，是集合名詞，要與單數(shù)動(dòng)詞搭配。某個(gè)具體的機(jī)器可用 machine或者 a piece of machinery來(lái)表示：
　　This is a wonderful piece of machinery/a wonderful machine.
　　這是一臺(tái)奇妙的機(jī)器。
　　There is a lot of new machinery/There are many new machines in our factory.
　　我們廠里有許多新機(jī)器。
　?。?）on display與下面一句話中的 on show同義，都表示“陳列著”、“展示著”，在句子中可以作狀語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)等：
　　At the Great Exhibition, a great many goods were on display/show.
　　世界博覽會(huì)上展出了大量的商品。（表語(yǔ)）
　　This is the best dress on display/show.
　　這是展出的最好的衣服。（定語(yǔ)）
　　Shall we put all these flowers on display/show?
　　我們要把所有這些花都陳列出來(lái)嗎？（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）
　　4． There were six million visitors in all…參觀的人數(shù)總共是  600 萬(wàn)……
　　in all為固定短語(yǔ)，其含義之一為“總共”、“合計(jì)”：
　　I paid him ￡ 200 in all.
　　我一共付給他200英鎊。
　　At the wedding there were over 100 people in all.
　　參加婚禮的共有一百多人。
　　5. It remained one of the most famous buildings in the world…它
　　一直是世界上最著名的建筑物之一……
　　remain在這里作系動(dòng)詞，表示“保持不變”、“仍然”（后面可跟形容詞、名詞、動(dòng)名詞等）：
　　Why did you remain silent/quiet at the dinner party?
　　你在宴會(huì)上為何一言不發(fā)？
　　They all remained standing while the manager talked.
　　經(jīng)理講話時(shí)他們一直站著。

　　詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study
　　1．profit
　　（1）n．利潤(rùn)，贏利；得益：
　　Stores haven't made as much profit as usual this year.
　　今年商店的贏利不如往常多。（不可數(shù)名詞）
　　The profits from the exhibition were used to build museums and colleges.
　　博覽會(huì)的贏利用來(lái)建造博物館和高等學(xué)校。（可數(shù)名詞）
　?。?）vi．獲益，得益；獲利：
　　I have profited much from your advice/this book/living abroad.
　　你的建議／這本書(shū)／生活在國(guó)外使我獲益匪淺。
　　2．與on有關(guān)的介詞短語(yǔ)
　　在課文評(píng)注3中我們學(xué)習(xí)了on display/show。on還可以與其
　　他一些名詞組成介詞短語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)的有：
　　（1）on business,因公（與 for pleasure相對(duì)）：
　　Last month he went to New York on business and had little time to visit friends.
　　他上月因公事去紐約，幾乎沒(méi)有時(shí)間拜訪朋友。
　?。?）on foot,步行（與by bus, by car, by air等相對(duì)）：
　　I usually go to work by car, but this morning I went on foot.
　　我通常開(kāi)車去上班，但今天上午我是步行去的。
　?。?）on duty,值班，值班的：
　　It was Sunday and there was only one doctor on duty.
　　那天是星期天，只有一位醫(yī)生在值班。
　　（4）on the whole,總的看來(lái)，總的來(lái)說(shuō)，大體上：
　　On the whole, he is a hard-working student.
　　總的來(lái)說(shuō)，他是個(gè)用功的學(xué)生。
　　（5）on fire，起火，著火：
　　Soon the whole building was on fire.
　　整個(gè)大樓很快便都著火了。
　　（6）on purpose，故意地，有意地，特意地（與by chance相對(duì)）：
　　They have come here on purpose to see you．
　　他們特意來(lái)看望你。
　　She broke the vase on purpose．
　　她故意把花瓶打碎。
　?。?）on the average，平均，通常：
　　On the average, he works more than ten hours a day．
　　他平均每天要工作十多個(gè)小時(shí)。
　?。?）on any account，無(wú)論如何，不管怎么說(shuō)（通常用于否定句）：
　　Do not interrupt him on any account．
　　你一定不要打斷他（的話）。
　　（9）on second thought（s），經(jīng)重新考慮后（thought用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)均可）：
　　I intended to go to the party, but on second thought(s), I decided to stay at home．
　　我原打算去參加聚會(huì)，但經(jīng)過(guò)重新考慮，決定呆在家里。

　　練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises
　　1．關(guān)鍵句型練習(xí)答案
　　A the most extraordinary building of the nineteenth century (1.1); one of the biggest buildings of all time (11.4-5), The most wonderful piece of machinery on show (11.8-9); travelling was not as easy as it is today (1.9); one of the most famous buildings in the world (1.13)
　　2．難點(diǎn)練習(xí)答案
　　1 on duty              2 on second thoughts        3 on purpose
　　4 on foot               5 on the whole                  6 on any account
　　7 On the average
　　3．多項(xiàng)選擇題答案
　　1c  2b  3d  4a  5d  6c
　　7a  8d  9c  10c  11d  12b