新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)詳解第46課: Expensive and uncomfortable

　　Lesson 46: Expensive and uncomfortable

　　既昂貴又受罪

　　First listen and then answer the question.

　　聽錄音，然后回答以下問(wèn)題。

　　What did the man in this story do?

　　When a plane from London arrived at Sydney airport, workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes which contained clothing. No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was extremely heavy. It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. He was astonished at what he found. A man was lying in the box on top of a pile of woolen goods. He was so surprised at being discovered that he did not even try to run away. After he was arrested, the man admitted hiding in the box before the plane left London. He had had a long and uncomfortable trip, for he had been confined to the wooden box for over eighteen hours. The man was ordered to pay $3,500 for the cost of the trip. The normal price of a ticket is $2,000!

　　New words and expressions 生詞和短語(yǔ)

　　unload v. 卸(貨)

　　wooden adj. 木制的

　　extremely adv. 非常，極其

　　occur v. 發(fā)生

　　astonish v. 使驚訝

　　pile n. 堆

　　woollen adj. 羊毛的

　　goods n. (常用復(fù)數(shù))貨物，商品

　　discover v. 發(fā)現(xiàn)

　　admit v. 承認(rèn)

　　confine v. 關(guān)在(一個(gè)狹小的空間里)

　　normal adj. 正常的，通常的

　　參考譯文

　　當(dāng)一架來(lái)自倫敦的飛機(jī)抵達(dá)悉尼機(jī)場(chǎng)時(shí)，工人們開始卸下裝有服裝的一批木箱。其中有只箱子特別重，可誰(shuí)也弄不清是怎么回事。突然一個(gè)工人想到打開箱子看看?？吹降那榫笆谷顺泽@，箱內(nèi)有一個(gè)人正躺在一堆毛織品之上。他由于被人發(fā)現(xiàn)而感到非常吃驚，甚至都沒(méi)有企圖逃跑。此人被逮捕后，承認(rèn)他是在飛機(jī)離開倫敦前躲進(jìn)箱里的。他經(jīng)歷了一次漫長(zhǎng)而又難受的旅程，因?yàn)樗谀悄鞠淅飷灹?8個(gè)多小時(shí)。此人被責(zé)令交付旅費(fèi)3,500英鎊，而正常票價(jià)是2,000英鎊!

　　自學(xué)導(dǎo)讀

　　1.…workers began to unload a number of wooden boxes which contained clothing.……工人們開始卸下裝有服裝的一批木箱。

　　(1)unload的含義為“卸(貨)”，它的反義詞為load(裝貨)。與形容詞 uncomfortable, unsmiling等相似，有些動(dòng)詞加前綴un可以表示做相反的動(dòng)作。

　　(2)a number of為固定詞組，表示“若干”、“許多”：

　　You've made a number of mistakes in typing this letter.

　　你打這封信時(shí)出了不少錯(cuò)誤。

　　(3)clothing是服裝的總稱，為不可數(shù)名詞，其含義比clothes更為廣泛。clothes一般指衣服，clothing則可以包括鞋、帽等。

　　2.No one could account for the fact that one of the boxes was extremely heavy. 其中有只箱子特別重，可誰(shuí)也弄不清是怎么回事。

　　(1)短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 account for的含義為“說(shuō)明理由”、“作出說(shuō)明(或解釋)”：

　　The bad weather in England accounts for Harrison's decision to leave the country.

　　英國(guó)糟糕的氣候是哈里森決定離開這個(gè)國(guó)家的原因。

　　How do you account for the battered car?

　　你如何解釋這撞壞的車?

　　(2)that后面的從句為fact的同位語(yǔ)從句，說(shuō)明fact的具體內(nèi)容：

　　He couldn't explain the fact that Mary's wallet was found in his room.

　　他無(wú)法解釋瑪麗的錢包是在他房間里找到的這一事實(shí)。

　　3.It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box. 突然一個(gè)工人想到打開箱子看看。

　　(1)表示某人想起某事時(shí)，要用 sth. occurred to sb. 這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)，主語(yǔ)為事，而不是人。

　　(2)it在句中為先行主語(yǔ)，代替不定式 to open up the box。

　　(3)open up的含義之一是“打開”：

　　open up boxes/gifts 打開箱子/禮物

　　When he received the gifts, he opened them up at once.

　　他收到禮物后立刻就打開了。

　　4.He was astonished at what he found. 看到的情景使他吃驚。

　　表示某事使/讓某人吃驚通常用sb. is/ are/ was/ were…astonished at sth.：

　　Sam appears astonished at the news/ the sound.

　　這消息/聲音似乎使薩姆吃了一驚。

　　5.on top of, 在……上面。

　　She put the bread on top of a pile of other goods.

　　她把面包放在一堆其他貨物上面。

　　6.…he had been confined to the wooden box for over eighteen hours. ……他在那木箱里悶了十八個(gè)多小時(shí)。

　　confine表示“把……限制起來(lái)”，通常與介詞to連用：

　　Last weekend, Tom's mother confined him to his room.

　　上個(gè)周末，湯姆的媽媽把湯姆關(guān)在了房間里。

　　7.The man was ordered to pay ￡3, 500 for the cost of the trip. 此人被責(zé)令交付旅費(fèi)3,500英鎊。

　　pay for表示“為……支付貨款”、“為……付出代價(jià)”：

　　She paid ￡ 50 for that dress.

　　她買那件衣服花了50英鎊。

　　語(yǔ)法 Grammar in use

　　與to，at，for和 with連用的動(dòng)詞

　　在第22課的語(yǔ)法中，我們學(xué)習(xí)了后面可跟 of，from，in和 on 的動(dòng)詞，如 borrow，believe，dream，think，write，decide等。有些動(dòng)詞可以跟to，at，for和with連用，不過(guò)這些介詞不一定是惟一和這些動(dòng)詞連用的小品詞。

　　(1)與to 連用的動(dòng)詞

　　It never occurred to them that a man had confined himself to one of the wooden boxes.

　　他們從來(lái)沒(méi)想到有一個(gè)人會(huì)把自己關(guān)在其中的一個(gè)木箱里。

　　I prefer listening to music to reading newspapers.

　　我寧愿聽音樂(lè)而不愿看報(bào)紙。

　　This car belongs to Sam. It's not mine.

　　這汽車是薩姆的，不是我的。

　　Will you see to this flower while I'm away?

　　我不在的時(shí)候你照看一下這花好嗎?

　　He used to turn to me for help.

　　他過(guò)去常向我求助。

　　(2)與at連用的動(dòng)詞

　　at通常用于表達(dá)感情的一些詞之后，并且這些詞往往用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：

　　Dan was both surprised and amused at the news.

　　這消息既使丹感到驚奇又使他感到好笑。

　　He was astonished at what he found.

　　發(fā)現(xiàn)的情況使他吃了一驚。

　　at也可以用于其他動(dòng)詞之后(一般為主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))：

　　What are you looking at?

　　你在看什么?

　　When I arrived at the station, the train had already left.

　　當(dāng)我到達(dá)火車站時(shí)，那列火車已開走了。

　　A beggar knocked at the door.

　　一個(gè)乞丐在敲門。

　　(3)與for連用的動(dòng)詞

　　I'm looking for my pen.

　　我在找我的鋼筆。

　　He was searched for the stolen money.

　　他被搜了身，看看有沒(méi)有被盜走的那筆錢。

　　He's already been punished for his mistake.

　　他已因?yàn)樗傅腻e(cuò)誤而受到了懲罰。

　　John paid for the dinner.

　　約翰付了飯錢。

　　Can you account for his strange behaviour?

　　你能解釋他的古怪行為嗎?

　　A child is calling for help.

　　有個(gè)孩子在大聲呼救。

　　(4)與with連用的動(dòng)詞

　　Tom often quarrels with his brother.

　　湯姆經(jīng)常和他兄弟吵架。

　　Don't play with fire!

　　不要玩火!

　　I'm pleased with this room.

　　我對(duì)這房間滿意。

　　Sam used to mix with those people.

　　薩姆過(guò)去常與那些人交往。

　　We'll begin with the exercises.

　　我們從練習(xí)開始。

　　詞匯學(xué)習(xí) Word study

　　1.occur vi.

　　(1)發(fā)生

　　(2)被想起，被想到：

　　It never occurred to me that he could be a thief.

　　我從沒(méi)有想到他會(huì)是個(gè)小偷。

　　A good idea occurred to Jane while she was talking to Mary.

　　簡(jiǎn)與瑪麗談話時(shí)想到了一個(gè)好主意。

　　It suddenly occurred to him to open up the box.

　　他突然想到打開箱子看看。

　　2.admit vt.

　　(1)承認(rèn)，供認(rèn)：

　　The man admitted hiding in the box before the plane left London.

　　那人承認(rèn)他是在飛機(jī)離開倫敦前躲進(jìn)箱子里的。

　　Sally admitted that she had used your dictionary.

　　薩莉承認(rèn)她用過(guò)你的字典。

　　(2)準(zhǔn)許……進(jìn)入，準(zhǔn)許……加入：

　　Without a ticket you won't be admitted into a cinema.

　　沒(méi)票你就不能進(jìn)電影院。

　　They won't admit him into/ to the government.

　　他們不讓他進(jìn)入政府工作。

　　練習(xí)答案 Key to written exercises

　　1.關(guān)鍵句型練習(xí)答案

　　A arrived at Sydney(1.1); could account for the fact (1.3);occurred to one(1.4); was astonished at what(1.5); was so surprised at being(11.6-7); had been confined to the wooden box(1.9); pay ￡ 3,500 for the cost(1.10)

　　B 1 with 2 to…for 3 with 4 for

　　5 to 6 at 7 to 8 to

　　9 for 10 to…at 11 at 12 with

　　13 with 14 to…for 15 for 16 for

　　17 with 18 for 19 at 20 with

　　21 to 22 with 23 at 24 to

　　25 with…to 26 to…with 27 for 28 to…to

　　29 for 30 to 31 for 32 to

　　33 to…with 34 for 35 to 36 to

　　37 at 38 at 39 with 40 for

　　2.多項(xiàng)選擇題答案

　　1 a 2 c 3 d 4 d 5 a 6 c

　　7 b 8 c 9 a 10 d 11 c 12 a

　　課堂筆記

　　occur to sb

　　it occur to sb to do sth/that......

　　clothing/clothes

　　clothing在分類時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)衣服這一種類

　　clothes表示“衣服”的單數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式

　　no one could.....沒(méi)人能

　　no one knows.....沒(méi)人知道

　　account fo：explain解釋(令人滿意的)

　　give the explanation

　　一個(gè)句子跟在一個(gè)名詞后，可以是：

　　1、定語(yǔ)從句

　　2、同位語(yǔ)從句

　　my friend Lucy

　　i know the fact that he doesn't know

　　i do know the fact that he doesn't know

　　1、同位語(yǔ)從句后的that是起解釋說(shuō)明的作用

　　而定語(yǔ)從句是起修飾的作用

　　2、that在從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)成分，則是定語(yǔ)從句

　　that在從句中不能做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)成分，則是同位語(yǔ)從句

　　be astonished at對(duì)某件事吃驚

　　be surprised at對(duì)某件事吃驚

　　what=the thing that

　　on top of在......上面

　　a pile of一堆

　　piles of snow

　　at the top of/on top of

　　on top of 與頂端有接觸

　　at the top of在.....上方(at the top of 之前的詞屬于其之后的詞的范圍之內(nèi)

　　admit doing sth

　　be confined to

　　over：more than

　　pay......for......為......付錢

　　pay付錢

　　cost of......的花費(fèi)

　　the cost of government政府開支

　　it is too expensive!(表示貴得不可接受)

　　dear昂貴的(可以接受)

　　have a trip

　　go on a trip

　　2、because后面加原因

　　to后面加目的

　　avoid后面一定要加doing避免做某事

　　fare車費(fèi)，乘坐的交通工具的費(fèi)用

　　4、a、the wooden (adj)木頭的

　　b、the wood木頭

　　表示木頭制的東西用wooden

　　key structures

　　固定搭配,在一部分動(dòng)詞后面加to，at，for，with

　　a to:accustom(ed),amount,appeal,apply(or for),accach(ed),attend,belong,challenge,compare(or

　　with),condemn(ed),confess,confine,consent,convert,entitle(d),listen,metion,object,occur,prefer,react(or

　　against),reply,respond,see,submit,surrender,turn,yield

　　與to連用：習(xí)慣于，達(dá)到，呼吁，適用于，附屬于，參加，屬于，向......提出挑戰(zhàn)，比較

　　判刑， 承認(rèn)， 限制， 同意， 改信(某宗教)，享有權(quán)利，聽，提到，反對(duì)，想到，更喜歡，對(duì)......反應(yīng)

　　回答， 響應(yīng)，注意，服從于，向......投降，轉(zhuǎn)向，屈服

　　b AT:amuse, arrive(or in), astonish(ed)(or by),exclaim, glance, guess, knock

　　look, point(or to), sh