VOA一分鐘英語：Lend 和 borrow “借出” 還是 “借入”？

動(dòng)詞 “lend” 和 “borrow” 都有 “借” 的意思，但一個(gè)是 “借出”，一個(gè)是 “借入”。你能分清這對(duì)近義詞之間的區(qū)別嗎？怎樣用英語表達(dá)從一個(gè)人那里 “借來” 一件事物？怎樣表達(dá)把某物 “借給” 一個(gè)人？
 
I’m Georgina from BBC Learning English. Have you ever thought about the difference between lend and borrow? They are both verbs but they are used in different ways.
Lend means to give something to someone, generally for a short time.
For example: The bank lent me some money.
If you want to say who you lent something to, you can use the preposition ‘to’.
I lent my mobile phone to James.
Oh, no. I forgot my pen. Can you lend me a pen?
Borrow means to ask someone for something.
Oh, no. I can’t read this. Can I borrow your glasses?
If you want to say who you borrowed something from, you can use the preposition ‘from’.
For example:I borrowed a book from the library.
Oh, I’m late! I need to borrow a laptop from Sam for my meeting – got to go!
 
用法總結(jié)
1 動(dòng)詞 “lend” 用來描述 “一個(gè)人把某樣?xùn)|西借給另一個(gè)人” 的動(dòng)作，意思是 “借出，借給”。我們可以用搭配 “lend something to someone” 或 “lend someone something” 來說明 “借給某人”。
The bank lent me some money.
I lent my mobile phone to James.
Oh, no. I forgot my pen. Can you lend me a pen?
 
2 動(dòng)詞 “borrow” 用來描述 “一個(gè)人向他人請(qǐng)求借入某樣?xùn)|西” 的動(dòng)作，意思是 “借入，借來”。我們可以用搭配 “borrow something from someone” 來說明 “從某人處借來”。
Oh, no. I can’t read this. Can I borrow your glasses?
I borrowed a book from the library.
I need to borrow a laptop from Sam for my meeting.
 
3 可以這樣記憶：句子里出現(xiàn) “lend”，主語是借出、提供物品的人；句子里出現(xiàn) “borrow”，主語是借入、使用物品的人。
She lent me her bike. = I borrowed her bike.  (The bike is hers)
I lent him my book. = He borrowed my book.  (The book is mine)