商務(wù)管理之 項(xiàng)目管理　Project Management

商務(wù)管理之 項(xiàng)目管理　Project Management

項(xiàng)目的范圍（range in scope）可大可小，但都需要確保每一步的發(fā)展準(zhǔn)時(shí)并到位（correctly and on time）。一個(gè)成功的項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理必須懂得如何調(diào)動(dòng)人員、時(shí)間、資金，以及大量（a host of）其他資源。

預(yù)先規(guī)劃（Preplanning）

確認(rèn)項(xiàng)目范圍（scope）。確定對(duì)項(xiàng)目的目標(biāo)有清晰的認(rèn)識(shí)，了解項(xiàng)目實(shí)施需要哪些資源。

⊙What is our objective?

我們的目標(biāo)是什么？

⊙Where are we going with this project?

這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的方向是什么？

⊙What are we trying to accomplish?

我們要完成什么目標(biāo)？

⊙The purpose of our work on this is to……

我們?cè)谶@方面的工作目標(biāo)是……

⊙We can fulfill our goals by……

我們可以通過(guò)……來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)我們的目標(biāo)。

⊙What we're trying to do is……

我們正努力做的是……

⊙If we want to accomplish our goals, we will need……

如果我們想實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，我們就得……

⊙Your budget for this project cannot exceed$100，000.

你在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目上的預(yù)算不能超過(guò)10萬(wàn)美元。

組織

將整體計(jì)劃分割（break it up）為若干部分（smaller components）。對(duì)每個(gè)部分的行動(dòng)提出具體計(jì)劃、所需資源以及預(yù)計(jì)時(shí)間。

⊙First, we have to……which will require……

首先，我們必須……因此需要……

⊙The first phase of our project includes……

我們項(xiàng)目的第一階段包括……

⊙In the following phase, we will need to……

在緊接下來(lái)的階段，我們需要……

時(shí)間表（Timelines）

將實(shí)施計(jì)劃的整個(gè)過(guò)程劃分成不同的時(shí)間界限（milestones），以保證準(zhǔn)時(shí)完成。時(shí)間表將檢測(cè)（monitoring the progress）項(xiàng)目進(jìn)度。如果發(fā)現(xiàn)落后（fall behind）于時(shí)間表，就應(yīng)當(dāng)立即確認(rèn)哪些方面需要特別關(guān)注，這樣才能保證整個(gè)計(jì)劃回到軌道上（back on track）。

⊙Our project has a final deadline at the end of the month.

我們項(xiàng)目的最后期限是本月底。

⊙We've reached our first milestone of raising$40，000.

我們已經(jīng)達(dá)到了增長(zhǎng)4萬(wàn)美元的第一個(gè)里程碑。

⊙We need to spend more time on……or else we won't make our deadlines.

我們必須在……上投入更多的時(shí)間，否則就趕不上工期了。

代表（delegate）

為了保證項(xiàng)目被高效地執(zhí)行，有必要選出下屬或分包商（subordinates or sub-contractors）。按照項(xiàng)目時(shí)間表分配任務(wù)，并根據(jù)反饋情況（feedback）來(lái)監(jiān)督其任務(wù)完成情況。

⊙Can you please do some research on possible vendors for our new product line?I need you to find at least 25 potentials, and get their information to me by Monday.

你能否就我們新產(chǎn)品的潛在商戶做些調(diào)研？我需要你至少找出25個(gè)潛在客戶，在周一前把他們的信息發(fā)給我。

⊙The list you gave me is incomplete.Can you please check your data and get back to me with complete information?

你給我的單子（內(nèi)容）不全。你能檢查一下數(shù)據(jù)，提供一份更完整的數(shù)據(jù)信息嗎？

進(jìn)程報(bào)告

定期（regular intervals）向上級(jí)報(bào)告項(xiàng)目進(jìn)程。如果在項(xiàng)目進(jìn)展過(guò)程中遇到任何問(wèn)題，都應(yīng)當(dāng)立即（immediately）報(bào)告。

A：How is the project coming?

B：We've already moved past the research and design stage.

A：項(xiàng)目進(jìn)展得怎么樣？

B：我已經(jīng)完成了調(diào)研和設(shè)計(jì)階段。

⊙How's the project going?

項(xiàng)目進(jìn)展如何？

⊙Can you please complete the tasks I assigned you before next week?

你能否在下周前完成所有我指定的工作？

⊙I have a few details to work out.

我還有一些細(xì)節(jié)需要落實(shí)。

總結(jié)

項(xiàng)目管理首先需要高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚，統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃，使得項(xiàng)目進(jìn)展有條不紊。其次要有效分工，責(zé)任到人。通過(guò)不斷的反饋來(lái)洞察項(xiàng)目發(fā)展進(jìn)程，直到實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。

Words　單詞表

accomplish完成，實(shí)現(xiàn)

consumer消費(fèi)者，顧客

distribution分布，分銷

milestone里程碑，轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)

phase階段，狀態(tài)

potential潛在的

preliminary初步的，初始的

research研究

stage階段

strategy戰(zhàn)略，策略

survey調(diào)查，測(cè)量

vendor賣主，商戶

Phrases　短語(yǔ)表

business plan業(yè)務(wù)/商業(yè)計(jì)劃

customer loyalty客戶信賴，客戶忠誠(chéng)度

develop a market發(fā)展一個(gè)市場(chǎng)

exceed expectation超出預(yù)期

get moving（on sth）趕快開(kāi)始（某事），立即投入

get sth off the ground某事進(jìn)展順利，突破

focus on集中，關(guān)注于

follow-thru順勢(shì)，后續(xù)

grow a brand品牌成長(zhǎng)

make a deadline趕上/滿足時(shí)限

marketing research市場(chǎng)調(diào)研

move past走過(guò)了，完成了

penetrate a market滲入/進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)

positive response積極回應(yīng)，反映良好

put effort into sth致力于某事

quality product高品質(zhì)產(chǎn)品

sales pitch銷售廣告

so far迄今為止

steady profit穩(wěn)定的利潤(rùn)

strong brand強(qiáng)勢(shì)品牌

work out解決，制定

實(shí)景對(duì)話1

A：How is the project going?

B：We've already moved past the research and design stage. Preliminary marketing surveys show a positive response to the new product lines by consumers. Right now we're focusing on increasing our distribution by identifying potential new venders.

A：Where are we going with this project?What are we trying to accomplish?

B：The purpose of our work on this is to grow our brand. What we're trying to do is to develop and market quality products in a way that can build customer loyalty and thus a strong brand. A strong brand means steady profit.

A：Sounds like a strong business plan.

B：Well, so far we're exceeding expectations. If we want to accomplish our goals, we will need to follow-thru with a strong marketing strategy. The first phase of our project includes product development.But if we can't get a successful marketing strategy off the ground, it doesn't help no matter how good the products are.

A：So how's the marketing plan going?

B：I have a few details to work out, but we've reached our first milestone of penetrating 500 new markets.

A：項(xiàng)目進(jìn)展得怎么樣？

B：我已經(jīng)完成了調(diào)研和設(shè)計(jì)階段。初期的市場(chǎng)調(diào)查表明消費(fèi)者對(duì)新產(chǎn)品反映良好。目前我們正集中精力通過(guò)發(fā)掘潛在的新商戶來(lái)擴(kuò)大分銷。

A：這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的發(fā)展方向是什么？我們要實(shí)現(xiàn)什么目標(biāo)？

B：我們的目標(biāo)是促進(jìn)品牌成長(zhǎng)。我們正在努力開(kāi)發(fā)和促銷高質(zhì)量的產(chǎn)品，這樣才能建立客戶忠誠(chéng)度和強(qiáng)勢(shì)品牌。過(guò)硬的品牌意味著穩(wěn)定的利潤(rùn)。

A：聽(tīng)上去是一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的商業(yè)計(jì)劃。

B：到目前為止已經(jīng)超出我們的預(yù)期。如果我們想實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)，后續(xù)就得有強(qiáng)有力的營(yíng)銷戰(zhàn)略。項(xiàng)目的第一個(gè)階段包含產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)。但是如果不能執(zhí)行成功的營(yíng)銷戰(zhàn)略，那產(chǎn)品再好也沒(méi)用。

A：營(yíng)銷計(jì)劃進(jìn)展如何了？

B：還有些細(xì)節(jié)需要落實(shí)，但是我們已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn)了滲透到500個(gè)新市場(chǎng)的第一個(gè)里程碑。

實(shí)景對(duì)話2

A：Jordan, the list you gave me is incomplete. Can you please check your data and get back to me with complete information?

B：Oh, yeah……sorry about that. I'll check on it right away.

A：Can you please do some research on possible vendors for our new product line?I need you to find at least 25 potentials, and get their information to me by Monday.

B：Okay, I think I can get it to you by then.

A：It's important that you do, our project has a final deadline at the end of the month. We need to spend more time on developing our market, or else we won't make our deadlines.

B：What is our objective?To have 10 more distributors by the end of the month?

A：Yes, that's right. We can fulfill our goals by following through with all of the potential venders. First we have to find them, which will require some research.After we identify them, in the following phase, we will need to put effort into our sales pitch.

B：Yes, boss. No problem.

A：Easy to say. But I need you to get moving on this.Time is of the essence.

Can you please complete the tasks I assigned you before next week?

A：Jordan，你給我的清單內(nèi)容不全。能否請(qǐng)你檢查一下數(shù)據(jù)，發(fā)給我份完整的？

B：哦，好……不好意思。我馬上檢查。

A：你能否就新產(chǎn)品的潛在商戶做些調(diào)研？我需要你至少找出25個(gè)潛在客戶，在周一之前把他們的信息發(fā)給我。

B：我想我那個(gè)時(shí)候可以給你。

A：你做的事很重要，因?yàn)槲覀冞@個(gè)項(xiàng)目的截止時(shí)間是本月底。我們需要花更多的時(shí)間來(lái)開(kāi)發(fā)市場(chǎng)，否則我們就趕不上最后期限了。

B：我們的目標(biāo)是什么？到月底前再找10個(gè)分銷商嗎？

A：對(duì)的。我們只有開(kāi)發(fā)出所有潛在商戶才能實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)。我們必須找到他們，這需要很多的調(diào)研工作。找到后我們需要努力宣傳推銷。

B：是的，頭兒，沒(méi)問(wèn)題的。

A：說(shuō)起來(lái)容易，我要你立即投入這個(gè)工作。時(shí)間至關(guān)重要。你能不能在下周前完成所有我指定的工作？