VOA慢速英語：川普宣布對中國新征收數(shù)十億美元進口稅

US Announces Billions of Dollars in new Import Taxes on China

川普宣布對中國新征收數(shù)十億美元進口稅

United States President Donald Trump has signed an order calling for up to $60 billion in new tariffs on Chinese imports.

美國總統(tǒng)川普已經(jīng)簽署了一項命令，要求對中國進口產(chǎn)品新征高達600億美元的關稅。

The order seeks to punish China for, in his words, the theft of American "intellectual property," including inventions and research. The action also calls for restrictions on the transfer of technology to China.

用川普的話來說，該命令旨在懲罰中國盜竊美國包括發(fā)明和研究在內(nèi)的“知識產(chǎn)權”。該舉措還要求限制向中國轉讓技術。

Robert Lighthizer is the U.S. Trade Representative. He said that intellectual property is an important part of the trade problem with China.

羅伯特·萊特希澤(Robert Lighthizer)是美國貿(mào)易代表。他說，知識產(chǎn)權是同中國貿(mào)易問題的重要組成部分。

"Our view is that we have a very serious problem of losing our intellectual property which is really the biggest single advantage of the American economy, in my opinion, is our intellectual property and our ability to generate new intellectual property."

他說：“我們認為，美國知識產(chǎn)權方面的損失非常嚴重，知識產(chǎn)權是美國經(jīng)濟最大的單一優(yōu)勢。我認為這是指我們的知識產(chǎn)權和創(chuàng)造新知識產(chǎn)權的能力。”

Trump blamed the trade imbalance between the two countries for the loss of American jobs. He said, "It is the largest deficit of any country in the history of our world."

川普指責中美兩國之間的貿(mào)易不平衡導致美國失去就業(yè)崗位。他說，“這是全球歷史上任何國家面臨的最大逆差。”

China's trade surplus with the U.S. last year was about $375 billion. Trump said that with the increased tariffs he hopes to cut the trade deficit with China by $100 billion.

中國去年同美國的貿(mào)易順差為3750億美元。川普表示，通過提高關稅，他希望將美國同中國的貿(mào)易逆差減少1000億美元。

The administration said the president will direct the U.S. trade office to publish a list of proposed tariffs for public comment within 15 days. The Treasury Department will also come up with a list of restrictions on Chinese investment.

美國政府表示，川普總統(tǒng)將會指示美國貿(mào)易辦公室在15天內(nèi)公布擬征關稅名單向公眾征詢意見。美國財政部還將制定一份中國投資限制清單。

Ahead of Trump's announcement, China warned that it will take "all necessary measures" to defend itself. The actions raised the possibility of a trade war between the two biggest economies and sent global stock markets lower.

在川普政府宣布之前，中國警告稱，將會采取“一切必要措施”來保護自己。這一舉動增加了中美這兩個最大經(jīng)濟體之間貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)的可能性，并導致全球股市下跌。

China reacts

中國回應

Chinese officials say the U.S. trade deficit with China is the result of U.S. trade policy. Chinese officials note that the U.S. bars the export of many high-technology products.

中國官員表示，美國對華貿(mào)易逆差是美國貿(mào)易政策的結果。中國官員指出，美國禁止對華出口很多高科技產(chǎn)品。

Chinese Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Hua Chunying said the products traded have unequal values.

中國外交部發(fā)言人華春瑩表示，中美兩國交易的產(chǎn)品價值不平等。

She said, "How many soybeans should China buy that are equal to one Boeing aircraft? Or, if China buys a certain number of Boeing aircraft should the U.S. buy an equal number of C919s (Chinese aircraft)?"

她說：“中國購買多少大豆相當于一架波音飛機?或者說，如果中國購買一定數(shù)量的波音飛機，美國是否應該購買相同數(shù)量的中國C919飛機?”

U.S. agriculture exports to China are almost $20 billion. Most of that number is shipments of soybean. If China were to target soybeans, it would hurt farm states like Iowa, the home state of U.S. Ambassador to China, Terry Branstad.

美國對華農(nóng)業(yè)出口接近200億美元，其中大部分是大豆出貨量。如果中國要針對大豆，將會傷害到愛荷華州這樣的農(nóng)業(yè)州。愛荷華州是美國駐中國大使特里·布蘭斯塔德(Terry Branstad)的故鄉(xiāng)。

Boeing has said it expects China to buy aircraft worth $1.1 trillion by 2036. But China is also developing its own C919 passenger plane.

波音公司曾表示，該公司希望中國在2036年前購買價值1.1萬億美元的飛機。但是中國也正在開發(fā)自己的C919客機。

The Chinese foreign ministry added that it hopes to hold useful talks with the U.S. Hua said the goal is to reach what she called "a win-win solution" to settle trade issues.

中國外交部補充說，中國希望同美國進行有益的交流。華女士表示，目標是實現(xiàn)所謂的“雙贏”以解決貿(mào)易問題。

Concerns over a trade war increase

對貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)的擔憂增加

Mary Lovely is an expert at the Peterson Institute for International Economics. She told the AP the possible tariffs are "a very big deal." She said, "The Chinese see them as a major threat and do not want a costly trade war."

瑪麗·拉夫利(Mary Lovely)是彼得森國際經(jīng)濟研究所的專家。她對美聯(lián)社表示，可能征收的關稅“非常重要。”她說，“中國視其為一項重大威脅，不希望進行代價昂貴的貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)。”

American businesses, including Walmart, Apple and other technology companies, also oppose a trade war. Forty-five American trade associations warned that tariffs will raise the price of goods for Americans, hurt jobs and financial markets.

包括沃爾瑪、蘋果等科技公司在內(nèi)的美國企業(yè)也反對貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)。45家美國貿(mào)易協(xié)會警告說，關稅將會提高美國人購買商品的價格，損害就業(yè)和金融市場。

Scott Kennedy is with the Centers for Strategic and International Studies in Washington. He told VOA, over the short-term, that is true. But, if such a policy could get China to reduce its barriers to trade, American buyers and businesses would gain while increased trade would also be good for China.

斯科特·肯尼迪(Scott Kennedy)就職于華盛頓戰(zhàn)略與國際研究中心。他對美國之音表示，在短期內(nèi)這是事實。但是如果這類政策可以讓中國減少貿(mào)易壁壘，那么美國消費者和企業(yè)就會獲益，而增加貿(mào)易也會對中國有利。

Trump said Thursday's action would be "one of many." The U.S. recently placed tariffs of 25 percent on steel and 10 percent on aluminum imports. Some countries, including Canada and Mexico, are not subject to the new taxes.

川普表示，周四的舉措只是眾多舉措之一。美國最近對鋼材征收25%的關稅，對鋁征收10%的關稅。包括加拿大和墨西哥在內(nèi)的一些國家不在這種新稅種的征收范圍之內(nèi)。

I'm Mario Ritter.

馬里奧·里特報道。