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VOA慢速英語：美國(guó)人擔(dān)心機(jī)器人搶走工作崗位

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2017年10月25日

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[00:00.00]Americans are worried about new technology. [00:04.04]They are concerned that machines, including robots, [00:09.74]will take over work now done by humans. [00:14.81]These findings come from a new report [00:18.28]by the Pew Research Center of Washington D.C. [00:22.96]About 75 percent of Americans questioned by Pew said [00:28.26]automation will increase income inequality [00:32.18]between the rich and the middle class and poor. [00:36.25]And 64 percent of people expect automation [00:41.24]to be so common in America that people [00:44.66]will face difficulty finding things to do with their lives. [00:49.16]Some of the concerns about technology come from a distrust [00:54.43]about whether machines will always make the right decision. [00:59.06]Pew said many Americans believe humans h [01:03.03]ave better judgement in dealing with complex matters [01:07.47]-- or when there is not one clear answer. [01:11.28]One example is selecting a person for a job. [01:15.75]Three-quarters of Americans said [01:19.20]they would not want to apply for a job [01:21.76]that uses a computer program to choose the most qualified person. [01:27.32]Americans have similar doubts about riding in a car without a driver. [01:33.51]The Pew Research Center found that 56 percent of Americans [01:38.97]would not ride in a driverless car. [01:42.68]Fifty-nine percent said they would not use a robot caregiver. [01:48.80]Most Americans want the government to limit automation. [01:53.31]For example, 87 percent support a requirement [01:58.62]that all driverless vehicles have a human in the driver's seat [02:03.50]who can take control when needed. [02:06.32]And 85 percent want to limit machines to mostly doing jobs [02:11.39]that are dangerous or unhealthy for humans. [02:15.83]About 33 percent of Americans believe that their own jobs [02:21.03]are threatened by automation. [02:23.69]About one in five said they knew someone whose hours were cut, [02:28.37]or whose jobs were lost all together because of automation. [02:33.41]And only 25 percent expect more jobs to come from automation, Pew said. [02:40.00]Mark Zuckerberg, the co-founder of Facebook, spoke last May [02:46.26]to graduating seniors from Harvard University in Massachusetts. [02:51.52]His talk centered on the uncertain future facing young people. [02:57.29]"Our generation will have to deal with tens of millions of jobs [03:03.09]replaced by automation like self-driving cars and trucks," [03:07.84]Zuckerberg told the graduates. [03:10.40]Zuckerberg said young people will have to find projects [03:15.21]that will bring both jobs and direct benefits to the people of the world. [03:21.43]He said in his speech that 300,000 people worked to put a man on the moon, [03:28.32]and millions of people built the Hoover Dam [03:31.82]as well as other great projects over the last 100 years. [03:37.07]Zuckerberg also said, "Now, it's our turn to do great things. [03:43.08]I know you're probably thinking, [03:45.56]‘I don't know how to build a dam [03:48.54]or get a million people involved in anything.' [03:51.47]But let me tell you a secret. [03:54.08]No one does when they begin. [03:56.85]Ideas don't come out fully formed. [04:00.01]They only become clear as you work on them. [04:03.38]You just have to get started." [04:05.94]Pew questioned over 4,000 people last May [04:11.03]for its research on how Americans see automation. [04:15.50]I'm Bruce Alpert.

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Americans Worry Robots Will Take Jobs, Leave Nothing to Do

美國(guó)人擔(dān)心機(jī)器人搶走工作崗位

Americans are worried about new technology.

美國(guó)人對(duì)新計(jì)劃感到擔(dān)憂。

They are concerned that machines, including robots, will take over work now done by humans.

他們擔(dān)心包括機(jī)器人在內(nèi)的機(jī)器會(huì)搶走人類目前從事的工作。

These findings come from a new report by the Pew Research Center of Washington D.C.

這一研究結(jié)果來自華盛頓特區(qū)皮尤研究中心的一份新報(bào)告。

More inequality feared

擔(dān)心不平等加劇

About 75 percent of Americans questioned by Pew said automation will increase income inequality between the rich and the middle class and poor.

大約75%接受皮尤調(diào)查的美國(guó)人表示，自動(dòng)化會(huì)加大富人和中下階層之間的收入差距。

And 64 percent of people expect automation to be so common in America that people will face difficulty finding things to do with their lives.

大約64%的人士預(yù)期自動(dòng)化在美國(guó)會(huì)普及，人們會(huì)難以找到事做。

Some of the concerns about technology come from a distrust about whether machines will always make the right decision. Pew said many Americans believe humans have better judgement in dealing with complex matters -- or when there is not one clear answer.

還有些對(duì)科技的擔(dān)憂源自不信任機(jī)器是否總能做出正確決定。皮尤表示，很多美國(guó)人認(rèn)為人類在處理復(fù)雜問題上，或者問題沒有明確答案時(shí)擁有更好的判斷力。

One example is selecting a person for a job. Three-quarters of Americans said they would not want to apply for a job that uses a computer program to choose the most qualified person.

例如招聘。3/4的美國(guó)人表示，他們不想申請(qǐng)一個(gè)使用電腦程序挑選合格人選的職位。

Americans have similar doubts about riding in a car without a driver. The Pew Research Center found that 56 percent of Americans would not ride in a driverless car. Fifty-nine percent said they would not use a robot caregiver.

美國(guó)人對(duì)乘坐無人駕駛汽車也抱有類似質(zhì)疑。皮尤研究中心發(fā)現(xiàn)，56%的美國(guó)人不會(huì)乘坐無人駕駛汽車。59%的美國(guó)人聲稱不會(huì)接受機(jī)器人護(hù)工。

Government should step in

政府應(yīng)該介入

Most Americans want the government to limit automation.

大多數(shù)美國(guó)人希望政府限制自動(dòng)化。

For example, 87 percent support a requirement that all driverless vehicles have a human in the driver's seat who can take control when needed. And 85 percent want to limit machines to mostly doing jobs that are dangerous or unhealthy for humans.

例如，87%的美國(guó)人支持出臺(tái)一項(xiàng)政策，要求所有無人駕駛汽車必須有司機(jī)在必要時(shí)進(jìn)行控制。還有85%的美國(guó)人希望限制機(jī)器主要從事對(duì)人類危險(xiǎn)和不健康的工作。

About 33 percent of Americans believe that their own jobs are threatened by automation. About one in five said they knew someone whose hours were cut, or whose jobs were lost all together because of automation.

大約33%的美國(guó)人認(rèn)為他們的工作受到了自動(dòng)化的威脅。大約20%的美國(guó)人表示，他們知道有人因?yàn)樽詣?dòng)化工作時(shí)間被縮減，或者失去了工作。

And only 25 percent expect more jobs to come from automation, Pew said.

皮尤表示，只有25%的人士預(yù)期自動(dòng)化會(huì)產(chǎn)生更多崗位。

Mark Zuckerberg, the co-founder of Facebook, spoke last May to graduating seniors from Harvard University in Massachusetts. His talk centered on the uncertain future facing young people.

Facebook聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人扎克伯格今年五月份對(duì)哈佛大學(xué)即將畢業(yè)的學(xué)生發(fā)表了講話。他的講話主要集中在年輕人面前未知的未來。

"Our generation will have to deal with tens of millions of jobs replaced by automation like self-driving cars and trucks," Zuckerberg told the graduates.

扎克伯格對(duì)畢業(yè)生們表示：“我們這一代人將不得不面對(duì)數(shù)千萬工作被自動(dòng)化取代的情況，比如自動(dòng)駕駛。”

Zuckerberg said young people will have to find projects that will bring both jobs and direct benefits to the people of the world.

扎克伯格表示，年輕人必須找到能夠同時(shí)給世界人民帶來就業(yè)和直接利益的項(xiàng)目。

He said in his speech that 300,000 people worked to put a man on the moon, and millions of people built the Hoover Dam as well as other great projects over the last 100 years.

他在演講中說，在過去的一百多年里，有30萬人努力把一個(gè)人送上了月球，數(shù)百萬人建造了胡佛大壩以及其它偉大工程。

Zuckerberg also said, "Now, it's our turn to do great things. I know you're probably thinking, ‘I don't know how to build a dam or get a million people involved in anything.' But let me tell you a secret. No one does when they begin. Ideas don't come out fully formed. They only become clear as you work on them. You just have to get started."

扎克伯格還表示：“現(xiàn)在輪到我們來大展身手了。我知道你可能在想，‘我不知道如何建造大壩，或是讓一百萬人參與到任何事情中來。’但是我要告訴你一個(gè)秘密，沒有人從一開始就知道怎么做，想法并不會(huì)在最初就完全成型。只有動(dòng)手之后才會(huì)變得逐漸清晰。所以你只需要行動(dòng)起來。”

Pew questioned over 4,000 people last May for its research on how Americans see automation.

皮尤今年五月份就美國(guó)人如何看待自動(dòng)化對(duì)4千多人進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。

I'm Bruce Alpert.

布魯斯·阿爾伯特報(bào)道。

Americans are worried about new technology.

They are concerned that machines, including robots, will take over work now done by humans.

These findings come from a new report by the Pew Research Center of Washington D.C.

More inequality feared

About 75 percent of Americans questioned by Pew said automation will increase income inequality between the rich and the middle class and poor.

And 64 percent of people expect automation to be so common in America that people will face difficulty finding things to do with their lives.

Some of the concerns about technology come from a distrust about whether machines will always make the right decision. Pew said many Americans believe humans have better judgement in dealing with complex matters -- or when there is not one clear answer.

One example is selecting a person for a job. Three-quarters of Americans said they would not want to apply for a job that uses a computer program to choose the most qualified person.

Americans have similar doubts about riding in a car without a driver. The Pew Research Center found that 56 percent of Americans would not ride in a driverless car. Fifty-nine percent said they would not use a robot caregiver.

Government should step in

Most Americans want the government to limit automation.

For example, 87 percent support a requirement that all driverless vehicles have a human in the driver’s seat who can take control when needed. And 85 percent want to limit machines to mostly doing jobs that are dangerous or unhealthy for humans.

About 33 percent of Americans believe that their own jobs are threatened by automation. About one in five said they knew someone whose hours were cut, or whose jobs were lost all together because of automation.

And only 25 percent expect more jobs to come from automation, Pew said.

Mark Zuckerberg, the co-founder of Facebook, spoke last May to graduating seniors from Harvard University in Massachusetts. His talk centered on the uncertain future facing young people.

“Our generation will have to deal with tens of millions of jobs replaced by automation like self-driving cars and trucks,” Zuckerberg told the graduates.

Zuckerberg said young people will have to find projects that will bring both jobs and direct benefits to the people of the world.

He said in his speech that 300,000 people worked to put a man on the moon, and millions of people built the Hoover Dam as well as other great projects over the last 100 years.

Zuckerberg also said, “Now, it’s our turn to do great things. I know you’re probably thinking, ‘I don’t know how to build a dam or get a million people involved in anything.’ But let me tell you a secret. No one does when they begin. Ideas don’t come out fully formed. They only become clear as you work on them. You just have to get started.”

Pew questioned over 4,000 people last May for its research on how Americans see automation.

I'm Bruce Alpert.

______________________________________________________________

Words in This Story

robot - n. a real or imaginary machine that is controlled by a computer and is often made to look like a human or animal

optimism - n. a feeling or belief that good things will happen in the future

automation - n. to run or operate something, such as a factory, by using machines and computers instead of people to do the work

qualified - adj. having the necessary skill, experience, or knowledge to do a particular job

insurance - n. an agreement in which a person makes regular payments to a company and the company promises to pay money if the person is injured or dies, or to pay money equal to the value of something, such as a house or car if it is damaged, lost, or stolen

generation - n. a group of people born and living during the same time

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