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VOA慢速英語：馬克龍VS勒龐進(jìn)入總統(tǒng)決選

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2017年04月25日

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[00:00.20]New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio wants to raise taxes on cigarettes [00:06.92]to persuade people to stop smoking. [00:11.72]He would raise the current $10.50 minimum price [00:17.00]for a pack of cigarettes to $13 in New York City. [00:23.60]De Blasio said the goal of making New York the most expensive city [00:29.52]in America to buy cigarettes is to reduce tobacco use. [00:35.84]If people have to pay more, he said, [00:39.32]they might decide to stop smoking, or, even better, never start. [00:47.48]The mayor is pushing a number of bills. [00:51.24]In addition to raising taxes on cigarettes, [00:55.20]his bills would limit the number of places selling tobacco products in New York. [01:01.75]Under one proposal, the city would bar drug stores, [01:07.12]also known as pharmacies, from selling cigarettes. [01:12.56]Dr. Mary Bassett is New York City's commissioner of health. [01:18.48]She said, "As a former smoker, I know how hard it is to quit. [01:25.60]These bills will make it less likely that New Yorkers will start smoking [01:30.92]and easier for New Yorkers who smoke to quit." [01:35.16]New York is America's largest city, with over 8.5 million residents. [01:44.28]The city's Health Department says the percentage of New Yorkers who smoke [01:49.32]has dropped from 21.5 percent in 2002 to 14.3 percent in 2005. [02:00.12]But that still leaves 900,000 smokers in the city. [02:05.00]An estimated 15,000 of the city's smokers are under age 18. [02:11.92]The idea behind the mayor's proposal [02:15.20]is that people will stop smoking if the cost is too high. [02:21.20]Opponents said many people will continue to smoke [02:25.80]and that some will be pushed more into poverty [02:30.04]or find places to get illegal cigarettes free of taxes. [02:37.16]"Over time, it's proven again and again [02:40.68]that these efforts are ultimately ineffective as people, minors included, [02:47.32]turn more and more to the bootleggers," said Audrey Silk. [02:52.96]She is founder of NYC Citizens Lobbying Against Smoker Harassment. [03:01.68]But de Blasio said government has a moral responsibility [03:06.60]to discourage people from smoking. [03:10.48]He said that higher prices have been shown to stop people from smoking. [03:17.32]"When it comes to New Yorker's health, [03:20.28]big tobacco is pubic enemy #1," de Blasio said. [03:28.60]The World Health Organization says there is no doubt [03:32.70]that smoking cigarettes is harmful. [03:37.72]"Tobacco is the only legal drug that kills many of its users [03:43.72]when used exactly as intended by manufacturers," the WHO said in a report. [03:52.30]It says smoking is responsible for about 6 million deaths a year across the world. [04:00.92]Globally, the WHO says there are 1.1 billion tobacco smokers aged 15 or older. [04:11.36]About 226 million smokers live in poverty, it said. [04:18.20]Smoking rates and taxes differ across the world. [04:24.56]The countries with the highest percentage of smokers are Serbia, [04:29.52]Bulgaria, Greece, Russia and Slovenia, the Tobacco Atlas reports. [04:37.84]But the countries with most cigarettes smoked are China, Russia, [04:44.52]the United States, Indonesia and Japan, the Tobacco Atlas said. [04:52.00]The Chinese smoke more cigarettes than all other low- [04:56.76]and middle-income countries combined, the Tobacco Atlas says. [05:02.76]The atlas is put out by officials [05:05.40]from the American Cancer Association and World Lung Foundation. [05:11.68]Numbeo.com is a website that tracks the cost of living around the world. [05:19.44]The site reports that the most expensive countries to buy cigarettes a [05:24.72]re: Australia, $18.77 per pack; followed by New Zealand, $16.19; [05:34.24]Bermuda, $12.24; Norway, $12.23; and Iceland, $11.81. [05:46.04]In 2016, voters in two American states -- California and Colorado [05:52.56]-- voted on separate proposals to raises taxes on cigarettes. [05:58.56]Voters in California approved a $2 tax increase per pack of cigarettes. [06:05.20]But voters in Colorado rejected a $1.75 tax increase. [06:12.48]The New York City Council will now decide whether to approve or reject [06:18.56]the anti-smoking measures offered by Mayor de Blasio. [06:23.48]I'm Bruce Alpert.

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France's two non-traditional presidential candidates offer voters a big choice: stay or leave the European Union.

法國兩位非傳統(tǒng)總統(tǒng)候選人為選民提供了一項重大抉擇：留在歐盟還是退出歐盟。

Emmanuel Macron is a former economy minister and Marine Le Pen is the leader of the Nationalist Front party. The two will face each other in the May 7th election, after finishing first and second in the first round of voting on Sunday.

伊曼紐爾·馬克龍(Emmanuel Macron)是前經(jīng)濟(jì)部長，而瑪麗娜·勒龐(Marine Le Pen)是國民陣線的黨魁。這兩人在周日進(jìn)行的首輪投票中分居前兩位，他們將在5月7日的選舉中正面對決。

Macron, 39, and Le Pen, 48, finished ahead of candidates from the leading French political parties, including the party of the current president.

39歲的馬克龍和48歲的勒龐最終領(lǐng)先于來自法國主要政黨的候選人，其中就包括現(xiàn)任總統(tǒng)所在的政黨。

Le Pen wants French voters to follow Britain and vote for France's exit from the European Union. She also calls for major limits on immigration.

勒龐希望法國選民追隨英國的腳步并投票支持法國退出歐盟。她還呼吁嚴(yán)格限制移民。

Macron wants France to remain in the European Union. He promises new spending on job training and building up roads, transportation and less-polluting energy.

馬克龍希望法國留在歐盟。他承諾新投入資金用于就業(yè)培訓(xùn)、建設(shè)道路、交通以及低污染能源。

Establishment backing Macron

當(dāng)權(quán)派支持馬克龍

Macron ran as an independent and political outsider. But political leaders, both inside and outside France, quickly offered support for Macron.

馬克龍作為獨立人士和政治局外人參與競選。但是法國境內(nèi)外的政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人很快都為馬克龍?zhí)峁┝酥С帧?/p>

Outgoing French President Francois Hollande said Le Pen would "deeply divide France" at a time when terrorism threats require "solidarity."

即將離任的法國總統(tǒng)奧朗德表示，在恐怖主義威脅要求法國人們團(tuán)結(jié)的時刻，勒龐會“嚴(yán)重分裂法國。”

Macron was the top adviser on economic issues for Hollande. He ended that role to start his En Marche independent party. His party's name means, "In Motion" in French.

馬克龍當(dāng)過奧朗德總統(tǒng)的首席經(jīng)濟(jì)顧問。他結(jié)束了這一角色，并創(chuàng)建了En Marche獨立黨派，En Marche在法語中的意思是前進(jìn)。

Francois Fillon of the conservative Republicans finished in third place in the weekend's voting. On Monday, Fillon urged his supporters to vote for Macron.

保守派共和黨人弗朗索瓦·菲永(Francois Fillon)在周末的選舉中最終位列第三。周一，菲永督促他的支持者投票給馬克龍。

German Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel joined officials from Spain and the European Union in supporting Macron on Monday.

德國外長加布里埃爾周一也加入西班牙和歐盟官員行列支持馬克龍。

If Macron wins on May 7th, he would become France's youngest president.

如果馬克龍在5月7日的選舉中獲勝，他將成為法國最年輕的總統(tǒng)。

Le Pen out campaigning

勒龐揭露競選

Le Pen did not waste any time attacking her opponent.

勒龐沒有浪費任何時間就開始攻擊對手。

On Monday, she called Macron "weak" in the fight against Islamic terrorism. During an appearance at a farmers' market in northern France, she told reporters that Macron "has no program" to stop terrorism.

周一，她稱馬克龍在打擊伊斯蘭恐怖主義上“軟弱”。她在法國北部的農(nóng)貿(mào)市場現(xiàn)身時對記者表示，馬克龍沒有制止恐怖主義的方案。

Le Pen's supporters criticized Macron's job as an investment banker and his efforts under Hollande to deregulate the French economy.

勒龐的支持者批評了馬克龍作為投資銀行家的職業(yè)，以及他在奧朗德政府下解除法國經(jīng)濟(jì)管制的措施。

Florian Philippot is deputy leader of Le Pen's National Front. He said on BFM TV that Macron will not help French workers. "He sold off national companies. He criticized French culture," Philippot said.

弗洛里安·菲利波特(Florian Philippot)是勒龐的國民陣線的副手。他在BFM電視臺上表示，馬克龍不會幫法國工人。菲利波特說，“他賣掉了國營公司，他批評法國文化。”

Macron's early lead

馬克龍的領(lǐng)先局面

Macron's establishment support and early lead in the polls appeared to please investors.

馬克龍贏得當(dāng)權(quán)派支持以及選舉領(lǐng)先局面似乎取悅了投資者。

Stock markets across Europe saw big increases Monday and the Euro increased value against the American dollar. CAC 40, the French stock market index, increased 4.1 percent on Monday to close at its highest level since early 2008.

歐洲股市周一大漲，同時歐元對美元升值。法國股市的CAC 40指數(shù)周一上漲了4.1%，接近2008年初以來的最高水平。

But some experts say a Macron win is not guaranteed.

但是有些專家表示，馬克龍并不一定會贏。

They noted that British voters surprised experts last year by approving withdrawal from the European Union, a move that has become known as "Brexit." And few political experts saw Donald Trump beating Hillary Clinton in last year's American presidential election.

他們指出，英國選民去年批準(zhǔn)退歐，讓專家們倍感驚訝。同時在去年美國總統(tǒng)大選中，也幾乎沒有政治專家認(rèn)為川普會擊敗希拉里。

Christophe Guilluy is author of "The Twilight of Elite France." He said, "In France, Britain, the Netherlands, Austria and the U.S. the same people -- blue- and white-collar workers, intermediate occupations and farmers -- are joining the populist revolt. "The rift between the global market's winners and losers has replaced the old right-left split."

克里斯托夫·居依(Christophe Guilluy)是《法國精英的黃昏》一書的作者。他說，“在法國、英國、荷蘭、奧地利以及美國，包括藍(lán)領(lǐng)和白領(lǐng)、中性職業(yè)和農(nóng)民在內(nèi)的同樣一批人都加入了民粹主義暴動。”“全球市場贏家和輸家之間的分裂已經(jīng)取代了舊時左派和右派的分裂。”

France’s two non-traditional presidential candidates offer voters a big choice: stay or leave the European Union.

Emmanuel Macron is a former economy minister and Marine Le Pen is the leader of the National Front party. The two will face each other in the May 7th election, after finishing first and second in the first round of voting on Sunday.

Macron, 39, and Le Pen, 48, finished ahead of candidates from the leading French political parties, including the party of the current president.

Le Pen wants French voters to follow Britain and vote for France’s exit from the European Union. She also calls for major limits on immigration.

Macron wants France to remain in the European Union. He promises new spending on job training and building up roads, transportation and less-polluting energy.

Establishment backing Macron

Macron ran as an independent and political outsider. But political leaders, both inside and outside France, quickly offered support for Macron.

Outgoing French President Francois Hollande said Le Pen would “deeply divide France” at a time when terrorism threats require “solidarity.”

Macron was the top adviser on economic issues for Hollande. He ended that role to start his En Marche independent party. His party’s name means, “In Motion" in French.

Francois Fillon of the conservative Republicans finished in third place in the weekend’s voting. On Monday, Fillon urged his supporters to vote for Macron.

German Foreign Minister Sigmar Gabriel joined officials from Spain and the European Union in supporting Macron on Monday.

If Macron wins on May 7th, he would become France’s youngest president.

Le Pen out campaigning

Le Pen did not waste any time attacking her opponent.

On Monday, she called Macron “weak” in the fight against Islamic terrorism. During an appearance at a farmers’ market in northern France, she told reporters that Macron “has no program” to stop terrorism.

Le Pen’s supporters criticized Macron’s job as an investment banker and his efforts under Hollande to deregulate the French economy.

Florian Philippot is deputy leader of Le Pen’s National Front. He said on BFM TV that Macron will not help French workers. “He sold off national companies. He criticized French culture,” Philippot said.

Macron’s early lead

Macron’s establishment support and early lead in the polls appeared to please investors.

Stock markets across Europe saw big increases Monday and the Euro increased value against the American dollar. CAC 40, the French stock market index, increased 4.1 percent on Monday to close at its highest level since early 2008.

But some experts say a Macron win is not guaranteed.

They noted that British voters surprised experts last year by approving withdrawal from the European Union, a move that has become known as “Brexit.” And few political experts saw Donald Trump beating Hillary Clinton in last year’s American presidential election.

Christophe Guilluy is author of “The Twilight of Elite France.” He said, “In France, Britain, the Netherlands, Austria and the U.S. the same people -- blue- and white-collar workers, intermediate occupations and farmers -- are joining the populist revolt. “The rift between the global market’s winners and losers has replaced the old right-left split.”

_______________________________________________________________

Words in This Story

exit - n. the act of going out or away from something

poll - n. an activity in which several or many people are asked a question or a series of questions in order to get information about what most people think about something

strategy - n. a plan or method for achieving a particular goal usually over a long period of time

solidarity - n. a feeling of unity between people who have the same interests, goals

motion - n. an act or process of moving

deregulate - v. remove regulations on an activity

white-collar - adj. having the kind of jobs that are done in an office instead of a factory or warehouse

intermediate occupations - phrase . other kinds of jobs

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