口語(yǔ)進(jìn)階-敘事口語(yǔ)材料：酒精的來(lái)源及發(fā)展01

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原文及翻譯

Alcohol is the oldest drug that is used in western countries for thousands of years. People have made alcoholic beverages. These beverages are made by allowing a process called fermentation to occur. 

酒精是西方國(guó)家使用最古老的藥物，已有數(shù)千年歷史。人們已經(jīng)制作了酒精飲料。這些飲料是通過(guò)發(fā)酵過(guò)程制成的。

Alcoholic fermentation happens when yeast or bacteria break down the sugars that occur in some liquids and convert some sugars into alcohol. Many liquids, such as fruit juices, can ferment. Thousands of years ago, alcoholic drinks were common in the Middle East. However, the Islamic religion forbids alcohol, so very little alcohol is consumed in this part of the world. 

酒精發(fā)酵發(fā)生在酵母或細(xì)菌分解某些液體中的糖并將一些糖轉(zhuǎn)化為酒精時(shí)。許多液體，如果汁，都可以發(fā)酵。數(shù)千年前，酒精飲料在中東很常見(jiàn)。然而，伊斯蘭教禁止飲酒，所以這個(gè)地區(qū)很少飲酒。

In European countries and in other parts of the world, many different kinds of alcoholic beverages are produced and consumed. In warmer areas of Europe, people make wine by allowing grape juice to ferment. In cooler areas of Europe, people make beer by fermenting liquids made from water and various grains. The process of fermentation is also used to make stronger drinks known as spirits.

在歐洲國(guó)家和世界其他地區(qū)，生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)許多不同種類(lèi)的酒精飲料。在歐洲較溫暖的地區(qū)，人們通過(guò)讓葡萄汁發(fā)酵來(lái)釀造葡萄酒。在歐洲較涼爽的地區(qū)，人們通過(guò)發(fā)酵由水和各種谷物制成的液體來(lái)釀造啤酒。發(fā)酵過(guò)程也用于制造烈酒。

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