新編大學英語閱讀(浙大版)01

[00:00.00]Physical Attractiveness [00:01.51]外表的吸引力 [00:03.02]1 What do you look for in a potential date? [00:04.64]你對將來的約會的對象有什么期盼？ [00:06.26]Sincerity?Good looks?Character?Conversational ability? [00:09.90]希望他（她）真誠？貌美？品德優(yōu)良？有口才？ [00:13.54]Asked to rank such attributes,most intellectuals put physical attractiveness near the bottom of the list. [00:17.42]當要求為這些特征排序時，大多數知識分子幾乎都把美貌排在最后。 [00:21.31]Of course. [00:22.05]當然， [00:22.79]Sophisticated,intelligent people are not greatly concerned with such superficial qualities as good looks; [00:26.91]成熟而有知識的人不會太在意美貌這類膚淺的東西。 [00:31.03]they know that"beauty is only skin deep." [00:32.92]他們知道“美貌不過是一層表面的東西?！? [00:34.81]At least they know that's how they ought to feel. [00:36.63]他們至少明白這是他們應有的想法。 [00:38.45]As Cicero counseled,"The final good and the supreme duty of the wise man is to resist appearance." [00:43.06]正如西賽羅所忠告的：“智者最佳、最偉大的品質就是不受外表的影響?！? [00:47.66]2 This intuition that looks matter little may be another instance of our denying real influences upon us, [00:51.75]這種認為美貌并不重要的直覺行為，也許是我們否認對我們有真正影響的事物的又一個例子， [00:55.84]for there is now a file drawer full of research studies indicating that appearance is a powerful determinant of initial attraction. [01:00.97]因為有滿抽屜的研究卷宗表明，外表是最初是否引人注意的重要決定因素。 [01:06.10]The consistency and pervasiveness of this effect is startling,perhaps even disconcerting. [01:09.86]外表的這種作用始終存在、影響甚廣，這實在令人驚訝，甚至煩惱不安。 [01:13.62]Good looks are a great asset. [01:15.37]漂亮的外表成了一筆巨大的財富。 [01:17.11]3 Like it or not,the fact is that a young woman's physical attractiveness is a moderately good predictor of how frequently she dates; [01:21.95]不管你喜歡與否，事實是，在一定程度上年輕女性外表的吸引力能預示她約會的頻繁程度； [01:26.80]a young man's attractiveness,slightly less a predictor of how frequently he dates. [01:30.02]而年輕男性的情況則略微不那么明顯。 [01:33.24]Does this simply imply,as many have surmised, [01:35.18]這是否就如很多人推測的那樣， [01:37.13]that women are better at following Cicero's advice to "resist appearance"? [01:39.97]女人比男人能更好地聽取西賽羅的忠告“不受外表的影響”呢？ [01:42.82]Or does it merely reflect the fact that men more often do the inviting? [01:45.66]或者說它僅僅反映了這樣一個事實，男人往往更主動約會呢？ [01:48.50]If women were to indicate their preferences among various men, [01:51.02]如果讓女人在不同的男人中選擇所喜歡的人。 [01:53.54]4 Some researchers have addressed this question by providing men and women students [01:56.39]一些研究人員通過下面的試驗探討了這些問題：他們向男女學生提供 [01:59.23]with various pieces of information about someone of the other sex, [02:01.70]某個異性的各種情況。 [02:04.16]including a picture of the person,or by briefly introducing a man and a woman, [02:07.12]例如：出示該人的照片，或只是簡單介紹一下對方的情況， [02:10.07]and later asking them how interested they would be in dating one another. [02:12.59]然后問他們是否有興趣與之約會。 [02:15.11]In these experiments,women were virtually as much influenced by a man's looks as men where by a woman's. [02:19.10]實驗表明，女性受外表的影響程序幾乎與男性相當。 [02:23.10]5 Do the benefits of being good-looking spring entirely from one's being sexually attractive? [02:26.32]美貌帶來的好處完全是處于性的魅力嗎？ [02:29.54]Clearly not.young children are favorably biased toward attractive children much as adults are biased toward attractive adults. [02:34.67]顯然不是。年幼的孩子也會偏愛漂亮的小伙伴，與成人偏愛成年的美貌者一樣。 [02:39.80]When adults judge children they ae similarly biased. [02:41.98]同樣，成人在評價小孩子時也存在同樣的偏愛。 [02:44.16]Margaret Cifford and Elaine Hatfield showed Missouri fifth-grade teachers identical information about a boy or girl, [02:48.73]馬格里特·克里夫德和依萊恩·哈特菲爾德曾經給密蘇里州五年級的老師介紹一個孩子的情況，給的信息一模一樣， [02:53.30]but with the photograph of an attractive or unattractive child attached. [02:56.20]但是所附的照片不同：一張漂亮孩子的照片，一張不漂亮孩子的照片。 [02:59.10]The teachers who judged an attractive child saw the child as more intelligent and more likely to do well in school. [03:03.56]那些評價漂亮孩子的老師認為該小孩子聰明，成為好學生的可能性更大。 [03:08.03]Or think of yourself as a playground supervisor having to discipline an unruly child. [03:11.02]你也可以把自己設想為運動場上的指導，必須磨練一個難以管教的孩子， [03:14.00]Might you be tempted to give more benefit of the doubt if the child is attactive? [03:16.72]但如果這個孩子長得很好，你是否會輕信他，以為他表現不錯呢？ [03:19.44]6 What is more,beautiful people,even if of the same sex,are assumed also to possess certain desirable traits. [03:24.28]此外，即使外表漂亮的人與我們性別相同，我們也會認為他們具有某些可取之處。 [03:29.12]Other being equal,they are guessed to be happier,more intelligent,more sociable,more successful, [03:33.48]在其他條件相同的情況下，會認為他們更快樂，更聰明，更擅長交際，更成功， [03:37.84]and more competent. [03:38.77]也更能干。 [03:39.71]When in need,they receive more help. [03:41.26]遇到困難的時候，他們能得到更多的幫助。 [03:42.80]When good things happen(for example,a promotion), [03:44.93]當好事來臨時（如升職）， [03:47.05]attractive people are perceived as more responsible for the outcome than are unattractive people; [03:50.72]漂亮的人被認為比不漂亮的人功勞更大； [03:54.40]when bad things happen,attractive people are seen as less responsible. [03:57.11]當事情搞遭時，漂亮的人的責任反而小了。 [03:59.83]To top it off, attractive people,more than unattractive people,are guessed to have personalities like one's own. [04:04.35]更有甚者，人們常常認為，與不漂亮的人相比，漂亮的人的性格與自己的更接近。 [04:08.87]Added together,the findings point to a physical-attractiveness stereotype; [04:11.77]總而言之，實驗結果顯示了一條對外表吸引力的固定看法， [04:14.66]What is beautiful is good. [04:16.21]美麗的總是好的。 [04:17.76]children are taught the stereotype quite early. [04:19.65]小孩子很早就受到了這種教育。 [04:21.54]Snow White and Cinderella are beautiful-and kind;the witch and the stepsisters are ugly-and wicked. [04:26.06]白雪公主和灰姑娘是美麗的，也是好人，巫婆和繼母的女兒們是丑陋的，而且也是邪惡的。 [04:30.58]As one kindergarten girl put it when asked what it means to be pretty, [04:33.02]正如一個幼兒園小女孩在回答漂亮意味著什么時說的， [04:35.47]"It's like being a princess.Everybody loves you". [04:37.60]“漂亮的人就像公主，每個人都愛你?！? [04:39.72]7 Howevr,we should not overstate the potency of the attractiveness stereotype. [04:42.56]然而，我們不應夸大這種成見的影響。 [04:45.41]To say that attractiveness is important,other things being equal,is not to say that physical appearance is always more important than other qualities,Attractiveness probably most affects first impressions; [04:53.02]我們說在其他條件一樣的情況下，外表很重要，并不等于說他總是比其他的品質重要。外表可能主要影響第一印象。 [05:00.64]one's appearance is vivid,it draws immediate attention. [05:02.63]生機勃勃的外表，會馬上引起他人的注意。 [05:04.63]As a relationship develops,appearance may diminish in importance. [05:06.95]但隨著雙方關系的發(fā)展，外表的重要性變得越來越小。 [05:09.28]nevertheless,first impressions are important,not only for one's prospects for datin [05:12.21]然而，第一印象是十分重要的，不僅對于約會的前景來講 [05:15.14]but also for job interview [05:16.24]對求職面試也是一樣的 [05:17.34]If first impressions are bad,there may never be a chance for second impressions. [05:19.86]如果第一影響很糟糕，或許就永遠失去了有第二印象的機會。 [05:22.38]Indications are that attractiveness does figure strongly in hiring decisions. [05:24.90]有跡象表明，在決定是否雇用對方時，外表的確起到了重要的作用。 [05:27.42]Moreover,as society has seemingly become more mobile and urbanized-our contacts with doctors, [05:30.95]此外，由于社會流動性和城市化進程的加快，我們與醫(yī)生、 [05:34.48]colleagues,and neighbors more fleeting-first impressions have probably become more important than ever before. [05:38.04]同事、鄰居的接觸更加短暫倉促，第一印象也比以往任何時候都顯得重要。 [05:41.60]8 Is the physical-attractiveness stereotype accurate? [05:43.40]好的外表具有吸引力這種老套話是否標準？ [05:45.20]Or was Leo Tolstoy correct when he wrote that it's "a strange illusion...to suppose that beauty is goodness"? [05:48.84]或許是里奧·托爾斯泰的看法正確？他曾寫過：“認為‘美就是優(yōu)點’是一種奇怪的錯覺……?！? [05:52.48]There might well be a trace of truth to the stereotype. [05:54.15]也許老套話有一點道理。 [05:55.82]Children and young adults who are attractive tend to have higher self-esteem. [05:58.27]有吸引力的孩子或年輕人往往比別人更自尊。 [06:00.72]They are more assertive,though they are also believed to be more egotistical. [06:03.02]他們更有主張，盡管也讓人覺得他們更以自我為中心。 [06:05.33]They are neither more nor less academically capable(contrary to the negative stereotype that "beauty times brains equals a constant"). [06:10.13]在學業(yè)方面，他們與常人無異（這與人們通常認為的“漂亮乘以智力等于一個常數”的說法相反。） [06:14.94]However,they are somewhat more socially polished. [06:16.65]然而，他們在社交上多多少少顯得更有教養(yǎng)。 [06:18.36]9 Thus far,I have described attractiveness as if it were an objective quality like height, [06:21.35]至此，我一直將外表美描述成一種諸如身高一樣的客觀特征， [06:24.34]something some people have more of,some less. [06:25.94]有的人多些，有的人則少些。 [06:27.54]Actually,attactiveness is whatever the people of any given place and time find attractive. [06:30.65]其實，美是指人們在某一特定地點、特定時間，覺得可愛的東西。 [06:33.77]This,of course,varies. [06:34.78]當然，它不是一成不變的。 [06:35.78]And even in a given place and time,there is(fortunately) some disagreement about who's attractive and who's not. [06:39.78]甚至在某一特定地點、特定時間，人們對誰漂亮誰不漂亮的看法（幸好）也會不一致。 [06:43.78]Generally,though,"attractive"facial and bodily features do not deviate too drastically from the average. [06:47.52]一般來說，漂亮的面部和身體特征不會太大地偏離平均水平。 [06:51.26]Noses,legs,or statures that are not unusually large or small tend to be perceived as relatively attractive. [06:55.40]通常認為，大小、粗細適中的鼻子、腿、或者身材相對來說比較漂亮。 [06:59.54]10 We can conclude our discussion of attractiveness on a heart-warming note. [07:01.74]讓我們用一些令人鼓舞的話來結束有關外表美的討論。 [07:03.94]Not only do we perceive attractive people as likable,but we also perceive likable people as physically attractive. [07:07.75]在我們眼里，不僅認為俊美的人可愛，也認為可愛的人俊美。 [07:11.57]perhaps you can recall individuals who, [07:12.90]也許你能記起一些人， [07:14.23]as you grew to like them,became more attractive,their physical imperfections no longer so noticeable. [07:17.65]當你漸漸喜歡他們的時候，他們也變得更加吸引人，他們長相上的缺陷也不再那么明顯了。 [07:21.07]For example,Alan gross and Christine Crofton had University of Missouri students view someone's photograp [07:24.89]例如，艾倫。格勞斯和克里斯廷?？藙陬D讓密蘇立大學的學生看某個人的照片 [07:28.70]after reading a favorable or unfavorable description of the person's personalit [07:31.42]當他們閱讀完有關某個人個性的正面描述或者反面描述 [07:34.14]Those perceived as good appeared more attractive. [07:35.80]那些被描述成好人的人顯得更漂亮。 [07:37.45]Other researchers have found that the more in love a woman is with a man, [07:39.72]其他研究人員發(fā)現，一個女人越是愛一個男人， [07:41.99]the more physically attractive she finds him. [07:43.36]她就越覺得這個男從的外表更美麗。 [07:44.72]Apparently Plato was right:"The good is the beautiful." [07:47.01]顯然柏拉圖是對的：“好的就是美的?！? [07:49.30]New Words [07:50.41]單詞 [07:51.53]academically adv [07:53.08]學業(yè)上 [07:54.62]assertive adj [07:55.92]果斷的，自信的，有沖勁的 [07:57.22]attractiveness n [07:58.46]魅力，吸引力 [07:59.70]consistency n [08:01.07]一貫性，前后一致 [08:02.44]conversational adj [08:03.86]善于辭令的，會話的 [08:05.28]determinant n [08:06.83]決定因素 [08:08.38]deviate v [08:09.62]偏離，背離 [08:10.86]disconcerting adj [08:12.34]令人不安的，令人煩惱的 [08:13.81]drastically adv [08:14.87]極端地，嚴厲地 [08:15.94]favorable adj [08:17.36]1）贊同的，稱贊的 2）有利的，順利的 [08:18.78]favorably adv [08:19.72]贊同地，有利地 [08:20.65]heart-warming adj [08:21.89]暖人心房的 [08:23.14]imperfection n [08:24.38]缺陷，缺點，不完美 [08:25.62]likable adj [08:26.92]可愛的，值得喜歡的 [08:28.21]moderately adv [08:29.27]適中地，有限地 [08:30.34]overstate v [08:31.63]言過其實，夸大 [08:32.93]pervasiveness n [08:34.04]遍布，普遍蔓延 [08:35.16]polished adj [08:36.40]有禮貌的，文雅的 [08:37.64]sexually adv [08:38.71]兩性之間地 [08:39.77]sincerity n [08:40.96]真誠，誠摯，誠實 [08:42.14]startling adj [08:43.44]令人吃驚的，驚人的 [08:44.74]stature n [08:46.03]身高 [08:47.33]stepsister n [08:48.93]同父異母（或同母異父）的姐姐或妹妹 [08:50.53]surmise v [08:52.19]推測，猜測 [08:53.84]unfavorable adj [08:55.32]否定的，不利的 [08:56.80]unruly adj [08:57.98]不守規(guī)矩的，不受約束的 [08:59.17]urbanize v [09:00.47]使都市化 [09:01.76]wicked adj [09:02.83]壞的，邪惡的 [09:03.89]Dress for Success [09:05.17]裝束與成功 [09:06.44]1 Since I had very early on discovered that the socioeconomic value of a man's clothing is important in determining his credibility with certain groups, [09:12.15]由于我早就發(fā)現了一個男從的裝束，其社會經濟價值決定了他在某一群體中的信譽， [09:17.86]his ability to attract certain kinds of women and his acceptance to the business community, [09:21.06]吸引某種女性的能力以及在商業(yè)界中被人接受的程度， [09:24.26]one of the first elements I undertook to research was the socioesconomic level of all items of clothing. [09:28.67]因此，我著手研究的首要元素之一就是各種款項服裝的社會經濟標準。 [09:33.08]2.Take the raincoat,for example. [09:34.69]以風雨衣為例。 [09:36.29]Most raincoats sold in this country are either beige or black; [09:39.08]本國出售的風衣大都是米色和黑色兩種， [09:41.87]those are the two standard colors. [09:43.61]這是兩種標準的顏色。 [09:45.36]Intuitively I felt that the beige raincoat was worn generally by the upper-middle class black by the lower-middle class. [09:50.44]憑直覺，我感到中上階層人士大多穿米色風衣，而中下階層的人則大多穿黑色風衣。 [09:55.51]3 First I visited several Fifth Avenue stores that cater almost exclusively to upper-middle-class customers [10:00.26]首先，我造訪了位于第五大街幾乎專門迎合中上階層人士的口味的商店， [10:05.02]and attempted to ascertain the number of beige rain-coats versus black raincoats being sold. [10:09.10]并想方設法弄清正在銷售的米色與黑色風衣數量。 [10:13.19]The statistical breakdown was approximately four to one in favor of beige. [10:16.50]從統(tǒng)計分析來看，大約為四比一，米色風衣占優(yōu)勢。 [10:19.81]I then checked stores on the lower-middle-class level and found that almost the reverse statistic applied. [10:24.11]然后我核實了中下階層水平的商店，發(fā)現適用的數據正好相反。 [10:28.42]They sold four black raincoats to each beige raincoat. [10:31.35]他們售出的風衣中，每四件黑色風衣才有一件米色風衣。 [10:34.28]4 This indicated that in all probability my feeling was correct, [10:37.02]這表明我的感覺十有八九是對的， [10:39.76]but recognizing that there were many variables that could discredit such preliminary research, [10:42.74]但是我認為到有許多不定因素會令人對這個初步的研究產生懷疑， [10:45.73]I set the second stage in motion. [10:47.75]于是又開始實施第二階段的計劃。 [10:49.76]On rainy days,I hired responsible college students to stand outside subway station [10:53.60]在雨天，我雇了有責任心的大學生站在地鐵站的外面 [10:57.43]in determinable lower-middle-class neighborhoods and outside determinable upper-middle-class suburban commuter-station [11:02.51]中下階層社區(qū)的地鐵站在市區(qū)，而中上層的在郊外 [11:07.58]all in the New York are [11:09.06]紐約的所有地區(qū)都站有學生 [11:10.54]The students merely counted the number of black and beige raincoats. [11:13.47]這些學生只是數數色和米色風衣的數量。 [11:16.40]My statistics held up at approximately four to one in either case,and I could now say that in the New York area, [11:21.34]我的統(tǒng)計數字在兩種情形中都是大約四比一，現在我可以說在紐約， [11:26.27]the upper-middle class generally wore beige raincoats and the lower-middle class generally wore black ones. [11:30.30]中上層人士大多穿米色風衣，中下層人士大多穿黑色風衣。 [11:34.33]5 My next step was to take a rainy-day count in the two different socioeconomic areas in Chicag [11:38.47]我的下一步是在下列地區(qū)兩個不同的經濟區(qū)作一次雨中計數：芝加哥 [11:42.61]Los Angeles,Dallas,Atlanta and six equally widespread small town [11:47.06]洛杉咭，達拉斯和亞特蘭大以及六個同樣分散的小城鎮(zhèn) [11:51.50]The research again held up; [11:52.93]這次調查再次證明了我的看法。 [11:54.35]statistics came from the cities at about four to one and from the small towns at about two-and-a-half to three to one. [12:00.07]來自城市的統(tǒng)計數字是四比一，來自小城鎮(zhèn)的數據是二點五到三比一。 [12:05.80](The statistics were not quite that clear-cut,but averaged out into those ranges.) [12:09.09]統(tǒng)計數據并非如此分明，但平均都在這些范圍之內。 [12:12.38]6 From these statistics I was able to state that in the United States,the beige raincoa [12:15.62]根據這些數據我可以聲明，在美國，米色風 [12:18.86]is generally worn by members of the upper-middle class and the black raincoat generally worn by members of the lower-middle clas [12:23.42]主要是中上層人士穿，黑色風衣主要是中下層人士穿 [12:27.97]from this,I was able to hypothesize that since these raincoats were an intrinsic part of the American environment, [12:32.85]由此我可以假定，既然這些風雨衣已是美國環(huán)境中固有的一部分， [12:37.73]they had in all probability conditioned people by their predominance in certain classes, [12:41.09]它們在某些階層中在數量上的優(yōu)勢很可能使人們形成條件反射， [12:44.46]and automatic reactions could be expected. [12:46.37]不假思索地做出反應，這一點是可以料想到的。 [12:48.28]7 In short,when someone met a man in a beige raincoat,he was likely to think of him as a member of the upper-middle class, [12:52.72]簡而言之，當某個人遇到一個穿米色風雨衣的男人，他可能把它看成是上等階層的一員； [12:57.17]and when he met a man in a black raincoat, [12:59.13]當遇到一個穿黑色風雨衣的人， [13:01.09]he was likely to think of him as a member of the lower-middle class. [13:03.36]他就可能把他看成是中下階層的一分子。 [13:05.63]I then had to see if my hypothesis would hold up under testing. [13:08.56]然后，我得弄清我的假設能否經得住考驗。 [13:11.50]8 My first test was conducted with 1362 people-a cross section of the general public. [13:16.07]我的第一次測試是在１３６２人中進行的——他們在廣大群眾中具有代表性。 [13:20.64]They were given an "extrasensory perception"test in which they were asked [13:23.63]他們接受了超感知覺測試， [13:26.62]to guess the answers to a number of problems to which the solutions(they were told)could only be known through ESP. [13:30.88]在測試中要求他們猜測問題的答案，而且告訴他們這些問題的答案只能憑超感知覺得到。 [13:35.15]The percentage of correct answers would indicate their ESP quotien [13:38.26]正確率的高低能反映一個人超感覺的知覺額的高低 [13:41.38]naturally,a participant in this type of test attempts to get the right answer every time and has no reason to li [13:45.59]很自然，這些測試的參加者每次都試圖得到正確的答案，他們沒有理由撒謊 [13:49.80]since he wants to score high. [13:51.17]因為他想得到高分。 [13:52.54]9 In this test,among a group of other problems and questions,I inserted a set of almost identical"twin pictures." [13:57.16]在這次測試中，在一組其他問題當中，我插入了一套幾乎一模一樣的照片。 [14:01.79]There was only one variable. [14:02.98]只有一個變量。 [14:04.16]The twin pictures showed the same man in the same pose dressed in the same suit,the same shirt, [14:08.48]這些一模一樣的照片中都是同一個人，站在同一地點，穿著同樣的西服、襯衫， [14:12.80]the same tie ,the same shoes. [14:14.71]打著同樣的領帶，腳穿同樣的皮鞋。 [14:16.62]The only difference was the raincoat-one black,one beige. [14:19.86]唯一不同的是風雨衣——一件米色，一件黑色。 [14:23.10]Participants were told that the pictures were of twin brothers,and were asked to identify the more prestigious of the two. [14:28.21]參加者被知照片中是一對孿生兄弟，而且要求認出兩人中誰更有名望。 [14:33.32]Over 87 percent,or 1,118 people ,chose the man in the beige raincoat. [14:37.46]超過８７％的人，即１，１１８的人選的是穿米色風雨衣的人。 [14:41.60]10 I next ran a field test. [14:42.72]我又作了一次實地驗證。 [14:43.84]Two friends and I wore beige raincoats for one month,then switched to black raincoats the following month. [14:47.98]我和兩個朋友穿一個月的米色風雨衣，然后在下一個月穿黑色風雨衣， [14:52.12]We attempted to duplicate our other clothing during both months. [14:54.38]在這兩個月期間，其他的衣服我們盡量穿得一樣。 [14:56.65]At the end of each month,we recorded the general attitude of people toward us--waiter [15:00.07]在每個月末我們記錄下人們對我們的態(tài)度--侍者 [15:03.49]store clerks,business associates,et [15:05.83]商店售貨員，商業(yè)助理等 [15:08.17]All three of us agreed that the beige raincoat created a distinctly better impression upon the people we met. [15:12.31]我們三人都一致認為米色風雨衣明顯能給遇到我們的人產生更好的印象。 [15:16.45]11 Finally,I conducted one additional experiment along.Picking a group of business offices at random, [15:20.90]最后，我獨自又作了一個實驗。我任意挑了一組公司辦公室， [15:25.34]I went into each office with a Wall Street Journal in a brown envelope and asked [15:28.33]我拿這用褐色信封裝好的華爾街日報到每一個辦公室，請 [15:31.32]the receptionist or secretary to allow me to deliver it personally to the man in charge. [15:34.87]接待員或秘書讓我進去親自把它交給主管。 [15:38.41]When wearing a black raincoat,it took me a day and a half to deliver twenty-five papers. [15:41.96]當我穿這黑風衣時，我花了一天半的時間投遞了二十五分。 [15:45.50]In a beige raincoat,I was able to deliver the same number in a single morning. [15:49.05]穿這米色風衣，我花一個上午就能做到了。 [15:52.60]12 The impression transmitted to receptionists and secretaries by my black raincoat and a nondescript sui [15:58.01]給接待員和秘書的印象是穿著黑色雨衣、普通西 [16:03.43]shirt and tie clearly was that I was a glorified delivery boy,and so I had to wait or was never admitte [16:07.95]襯衣和領帶的我是一個穿得漂亮一點的報紙投遞員，所以我得等待或不讓進入 [16:12.47]But their opinion of me was substantially altered by the beige raincoat worn with the same other clothes. [16:16.68]但他們對我的印象在我穿著米色風雨衣和其他同樣服裝時發(fā)生了根本的轉變。 [16:20.89]They thought I might be an associate or friend of the boss because that is what I implied, [16:24.13]他們以為我可能是老板的助手或者朋友，因為這正是我所暗示的， [16:27.37]and they had better let me in. [16:28.31]還是最好讓我進去。 [16:29.24]In short,they reacted to years of preconditioning and accepted the beige raincoat as a symbol of authority and status [16:33.82]總之，他們根據多年來所形成的看法做出了反應，認為米色風雨衣是權威和身份的象征， [16:38.39]while they rejected the black raincoat as such. [16:40.17]而黑色風雨衣卻不是。 [16:41.95]13 The experiment will give you an idea of why I have spent so many years and so much money in determining what constitutes [16:46.09]這個實驗讓你明白，為什么我花了這么多年的時間和這么多錢來確定是什么構成了 [16:50.23]upper-middle-class dress. [16:51.53]中上層社會的衣著服裝。 [16:52.82]It is obvious from the experiment that secretaries and receptionists,who generally were not members of the upper-middle-class, [16:57.40]從實驗中可以看到大多不屬于中上層社會的秘書和接待員， [17:01.97]did in fact recognize upper-middle-class clothing,if not consciously then at least subconsciously, [17:06.23]的確能夠認為中上層人士的裝束，即使不是有意也是無意中 [17:10.50]and they did react to it. [17:11.87]對他做出反應。 [17:13.24]Their reactions indicate that dress is neither trivial nor frivolous,but an essential element in helping a man to function [17:18.20]他們的反應表明衣服服飾即非微不足道也非毫無意義，而是幫助一個人， [17:23.17]in the business world with maximum effectiveness. [17:25.21]在商場上游刃有余的基本因素。 [17:27.24]14 But does everyone react as the secretaries did? [17:29.27]但是，是否每個人都會做出和秘書相同的反應呢？ [17:31.31]15 For years,some companies have been attempting to increase the effciency of employees by prescribing dress and establishing dress codes. [17:36.73]多年以來，一些公司一直努力通過規(guī)定著裝和建立著衣準則來提高效率。 [17:42.14]Most of these schemes have proved ineffective because they have been created by amateurs who don't undrestand the effec [17:46.46]大多數的措施無效，因為他們是由外行設計的。這些外行不懂得影 [17:50.78]clothing has on the work environmen [17:52.51]--著裝對工作環(huán)境的影響 [17:54.24]Dress codes can work,but the assumption that clothing has a major, [17:57.30]著衣準則確實有效，服裝對著裝者有主要的， [18:00.36]continuing impact on the wearer is erroneous. [18:02.39]持續(xù)性影響的假設是錯誤的。 [18:04.43]True,you may feel shabby when you wear shabby clothes, [18:07.18]確實，當你穿著邋遢，你就會感到形容猥瑣； [18:09.94]and your morale may perk up a bit when you splurge on an expensive tie. [18:13.84]而你瀟灑地買下一條昂貴的領帶，你就會感到精神振奮。 [18:17.75]But clothing most significantly affects the people whom the wearer meets and,in the long run, [18:21.71]但是服裝只對穿著者遇到的人產生重要的影響。從長遠看， [18:25.67]affects the wearer only indirectly because it controls the reaction of the world to him. [18:29.32]它對穿著者的影響是間接的，因為它控制了世界對他的反應。 [18:32.98]My research shows that in most business situations the wearer is not directly affected by his clothing, [18:37.37]我的研究顯示，在多數生意場合，穿著者并非受到其服裝的影響， [18:41.76]and that the effect of clothing on other people is mainly controlled by the socioeconomic level of the clothing. [18:45.97]而服裝對他人的影響也視其經濟水平而定。 [18:50.18]16 Let me say it straight out:We all wear uniforms and our uniforms are clear and distinct signs of class. [18:55.17]讓我直截了當地說：我們都穿這制服，我們的制服清楚的表明我們所屬的階層。 [19:00.16]We react to them accordingly. [19:02.19]我們對其做出相應的反應。 [19:04.22]In almost any situation where two men meet,one man's clothing is saying to the other man:" [19:08.36]幾乎每次當兩人相遇時，一人的服裝會對另一個人說： [19:12.50]I am more important than you are,please show respect"; [19:14.95]“我比你更重要，請表示尊重”； [19:17.40]or"I am your equal and expect to be treated as such";or"I am not your equal and I do not expect to be treated as such." [19:23.54]或者“我和你是平等的，希望能平等相待”或者“我和你不是平等的，不奢望能得到平等對待?！? [19:29.68]New Words [19:30.92]單詞 [19:32.16]amateur n [19:33.46]1）外行，粗通某一行的人 2）業(yè)余愛好者，業(yè)余運動員 [19:34.75]ascertain v [19:35.87]查明，弄清，確定 [19:36.98]beige n & adj [19:37.97]1）米黃色 2）米黃色的 [19:38.96]determinable adj [19:40.03]可確定的，可測定的 [19:41.09]discredit v [19:42.28]使不相信，使懷疑 [19:43.46]distinctly adv [19:44.58]清楚地，顯然 [19:45.70]duplicate v [19:47.06]1）重復 2）復制，復印 [19:48.43]erroneous adj [19:49.73]錯誤的，不正確的 [19:51.02]extrasensory adj [19:52.14]超感官的 [19:53.26]extrasensory perception [19:54.98]超感知覺 [19:56.71]frivolous adj [19:57.83]不重要的，無意義的 [19:58.94]glorify v [20:00.37]使顯得更重要，美化 [20:01.79]hypothesis n [20:03.26]假設，假說 [20:04.74]hypothesize v [20:06.22]假設，假定，猜測 [20:07.69]ineffective adj [20:08.57]無效的，效率低的 [20:09.46]intrinsic adj [20:10.52]固有的，內存的，本質的 [20:11.58]intuitively adv [20:13.13]直覺地 [20:14.68]neighborhood n [20:16.10]1）鄰近地區(qū)，附近 2）四鄰，街坊 [20:17.52]nondescript adj [20:18.82]平凡無奇的，無明顯特征的 [20:20.11]perk v [20:21.48]振作，活躍起來 [20:22.85]precondition v [20:24.14]預先影響或處理，使先有準備 [20:25.44]predominance n [20:26.56]（力量，數量等的）優(yōu)勢 [20:27.67]preliminary adj [20:28.86]初步的，預備的 [20:30.05]receptionist n [20:31.29]接待員 [20:32.53]shabby adj [20:33.90]1）不體面的，衣衫襤褸的 2）破舊的 [20:35.27]splurge v [20:36.82]揮霍，亂花 [20:38.36]statistic n [20:39.79]統(tǒng)計數值，統(tǒng)計資料 [20:41.21]statistics n [20:42.81]統(tǒng)計學 [20:44.41]statistical adj [20:45.83]統(tǒng)計（上）的，統(tǒng)計學（上）的 [20:47.26]subconsciously adv [20:48.55]下意識地，潛意識地 [20:49.85]suburban adj [20:50.96]城郊的，在郊區(qū)的 [20:52.08]versus prep [20:53.32]1）與……相比之下，與……相對 2）（比賽等中）以……為對手，對…… [20:54.56]Neat people versus Sloppy people [20:56.71]整潔的人和邋遢的人 [20:58.85]1 I've finally figured out the difference between neat people and sloppy people. [21:02.27]我終于發(fā)現了整潔的人和邋遢的人的不同。 [21:05.69]The distinction is ,as always,moral. [21:07.96]其區(qū)別在于品行。 [21:10.22]Neat people are lazier and meaner than sloppy people. [21:13.21]整潔的人比邋遢的人懶得多。 [21:16.20]2 Sloppy people,you see,are not really sloppy.Their sloppiness is merely the unfortunate consequence of their extreme moral sense. [21:22.77]你知道，邋遢的人并不是真正的邋遢。他們的懶散僅僅是他們極端的品行的不幸結果。 [21:29.34]Sloppy people carry in their mind's eye a heavenly vision,a precise plan,that is so great, [21:34.45]邋遢的人有關美好的幻想，那是一個如此偉大精美的計劃， [21:39.56]it can't be achieved in this world or the next. [21:41.83]以至在今生和來世都不會實現。 [21:44.10]3 Sloppy people live in Never-Never Land. [21:46.01]邋遢的人生活在不真實的理想世界里。 [21:47.92]Someday is their profession. [21:49.57]幻想某一天就象是他們的職業(yè)。 [21:51.23]Someday they are planning to alphabetize all their books and set up home catalogs. [21:55.50]他們打算某一天把所有的書都按字母順序排列好，列出一個家庭圖書目錄。 [21:59.76]Someday they will go through their wardrobes and mark certain items for tentative mending [22:03.90]某一天他們將把所有的衣櫥都整理一遍，記下哪些衣服有可能需要縫縫補補， [22:08.04]and certain items for passing on to relatives of similar shape and size. [22:11.70]哪些衣服送給身材大小相同的親戚。 [22:15.35]Someday sloppy people will make family scrapbooks into which they will put newspaper clipping [22:19.74]某一天邋遢的人將做幾個剪貼薄，放入簡報 [22:24.13]postcards,locks of hair,and the dried corsage form their senior pro [22:28.09]明星片，留作紀念的頭發(fā)和高中畢業(yè)班會上得到的已經干枯的花束 [22:32.05]Someday they will file everything on the surface of their desks,including the cash receipts from coffee purchases at the snack shop. [22:37.53]某一天他們把桌子上堆放的所有東西都分類歸檔，包括快餐店的咖啡收據在內。 [22:43.00]Someday they will sit down and read all the back issues of The New Yorker. [22:46.62]某一天他們將坐下來閱讀所有過期的《紐約人》雜志。 [22:50.23]4 For all these noble reasons and more,sloppy people never get neat. [22:53.65]因為所有這些高貴之處，邋遢的人從來就沒有整潔過。 [22:57.07]They aim too high and wide. [22:58.93]他們的目標又高又遠。 [23:00.78]They save everything,planning someday to file,order,and straighten out the world. [23:05.17]他們保留每一件物品，計劃著某一天將把所有的東西都歸檔整理好，讓一切井井有條。 [23:09.57]But while these ambitious plans take clearer and clearer shape in their heads, [23:13.11]但是一旦這些雄心勃勃的計劃在他們的腦海里越來越清晰的時候， [23:16.66]the books spill from the shelves onto the floor,the clothes pile up in the laundry basket and closet, [23:21.28]那些書就會堆得從書架上掉下來，衣服會堆滿了籃子和柜子， [23:25.91]the family mementos accumulate in every drawer,the surface of the desk is buried under mounds of paper and the unread magazines threaten to reach the ceiling. [23:34.42]家庭紀念品塞滿了每一個抽屜，書桌也被推到屋頂的文件和沒讀過的雜志淹沒。 [23:42.94]5 Sloppy people can't bear to part with anything. [23:45.57]邋遢的人不能忍受放棄任何東西。 [23:48.19]They give loving attention to every detail. [23:50.46]他們專注于每一個細節(jié)， [23:52.73]When sloppy people say they're going to tackle the surface of the desk,they really mean it. [23:56.46]一旦他們說要清理好書桌，他們就會認認真真地干起來。 [24:00.18]Not a paper will go unturned;not a rubber band will go unboxed. [24:03.66]那么每一張紙都會按順序排好，每個橡皮擦都會放在盒子里。 [24:07.13]Four hours or two weeks into the excavation,the desk looks exactly the same, [24:11.04]在挖掘理整的四個小時或兩個星期里，桌子看起來還是和原來一樣。 [24:14.94]primarily because the sloppy person is carefully creating new piles of papers with new headings [24:19.15]這主要是因為邋遢的人正在認真地用新的題目將所有文件整理歸檔， [24:23.36]and routinely stopping to read all the old book catalogs before he throws them away. [24:26.96]并且習慣的停下來讀那些舊書目錄，然后再把書扔掉。 [24:30.56]A neat person would just clear off the desk. [24:32.89]而一個愛整潔的人呢，一下子就把桌子收拾得干干凈凈。 [24:35.21]6 Neat people are not good at heart. [24:37.21]整潔的人實際上并不優(yōu)秀。 [24:39.20]They have cavalier attitudes toward possessions,including family heirlooms. [24:42.50]他們對于自己的財產乃至祖?zhèn)髦畬毝紤延幸环N俠義的心態(tài)。 [24:45.79]Everything is just another dust-catcher to them. [24:48.01]任何東西對他們來說都是可沾灰積塵的東西。 [24:50.22]If anything collects dust,it's got to go and that's that. [24:52.97]任何東西，如果上面會積灰塵，就得滾開，沒什么可說的。 [24:55.73]neat people will toy with the idea of throwing the children out of the house just to cut down on the clutter. [24:59.58]為了除掉不干凈的東西，愛整潔的人甚至會起把孩子扔出屋外的念頭。 [25:03.43]7 Neat people don't care about process. [25:05.34]愛整潔的人并不在乎過程， [25:07.25]They like results. [25:08.44]他們喜歡結果。 [25:09.63]What they want to do is get the whole thing over with so they can sit down and watch TV. [25:13.28]他們想的就是把不愉快但不得不做的事一勞永逸地做完，然后他們就可以坐下來看電視。 [25:16.93]Neat people operate on two unvarying principles:never handle any item twice,and throw everything away. [25:22.12]整潔的認識中遵守兩條不便的法則：永遠不兩次處理任何東西，扔掉所有的東西。 [25:27.30]8 The only thing messy in a neat person's house is the trash can. [25:30.11]整潔的人家里唯一雜亂的東西就是垃圾桶。 [25:32.92]The minute something comes to a near person's hand,he will look at it, [25:35.54]某樣東西一到了整潔人手上，他就會審視它， [25:38.17]try to decide if it has immediate use and,finding none,throw it in the trash. [25:42.02]試圖決定它是否能立刻派上用場，發(fā)現沒有就立即扔進垃圾桶。 [25:45.88]9 Neat people are especially vicious with mail. [25:48.32]愛整潔的人對信件特別反感。 [25:50.77]They never go through their mail unless they are standing directly over a trash can. [25:54.14]他們把信一讀完就扔掉，有時根本沒讀就扔了。 [25:57.51]If the trash can is beside the mailbox,even better. [26:00.08]如果垃圾箱就放在郵筒邊，那就更好不過了。 [26:02.65]All ads,catalogs,pleas for charitable contributions, [26:05.35]所有的廣告、目錄、慈善捐款懇求信， [26:08.05]church bulletins and money-saving coupons go straight into the trash can without being opened. [26:12.32]教堂公告、優(yōu)惠贈券往往看都沒看就統(tǒng)統(tǒng)扔進了垃圾箱。 [26:16.58]All letters from home,postcards from Europe,bills and paychecks are opened,immediately responded to, [26:21.59]所有的家信，從歐洲寄來的明信片，賬單和支付薪水的支票會被打開，立即回復， [26:26.59]then dropped in the trash can. [26:28.25]然后扔進垃圾箱。 [26:29.91]Neat people keep their receipts only for tax purposes. [26:32.35]整潔的人只是為了交稅才保留收據。 [26:34.80]That's it. [26:35.56]問題就在這里。 [26:36.31]No sentimental salvaging of birthday cards or the last letter a dying relative ever wrote. [26:40.16]他們不會挽留生日賀卡以及垂危的親人寫的最后一封信。 [26:44.02]Into the trash it goes. [26:45.74]把它們統(tǒng)統(tǒng)扔進垃圾箱。 [26:47.47]10 Neat people place neatness above everything even economics.They are incredibly wasteful. [26:52.17]愛整潔的人視整潔高于一切，甚至金錢。他們非常浪費。 [26:56.87]Neat people throw away several toys every time they walk through the den. [27:00.29]整潔的人每次經過私室時都會扔掉幾件玩具。 [27:03.71]I knew a neat person once who threw away a perfectly good dish drainer because it had mold on it. [27:07.87]我認為一個愛整潔的人，把一個好端端的碗器具扔掉就因為上面長了霉。 [27:12.03]The drainer was too much trouble to wash. [27:14.17]碗器具洗起來太費勁了。 [27:16.31]And neat people sell their furniture when they move. [27:19.12]而且整潔的人每次搬家都會賣掉所有的家具。 [27:21.93]11 Neat people are no good to borrow from. [27:23.89]人們不太好向整潔的人借東西。 [27:25.85]Neat people buy everything in expensive little single portions. [27:29.21]愛整潔的人無論買什么東西都買昂貴的小包裝。 [27:32.58]They get their flour and sugar in two-pound bags. [27:35.39]他們用兩磅的袋子來裝面粉和糖。 [27:38.20]They wouldn't consider clipping a coupon,saving a leftover,reusing plastic containers or rinsing off tin foi [27:43.62]他們從沒想過剪下優(yōu)惠券，節(jié)省一餐剩飯，再次使用朔料容器，或洗凈用過的錫箔 [27:49.03]and draping it over the dish draine [27:50.64]晾在干碗器上 [27:52.24]you can never borrow a neat person's newspaper to see what's playing at the movies. [27:55.71]你甭想向整潔的人借張報紙看看正在放映什么電影。 [27:59.19]Neat people have the paper all wadded up and in the trash by 7:05 A.M. [28:03.58]愛整潔的人到了早上７：０５就把報紙卷起來扔進了垃圾箱。 [28:07.97]12 Neat people remove everything that is in their way. [28:10.24]愛整潔的人用他們自己的方式來擺脫任何一樣東西。 [28:12.51]People,animals,and things are all one to them. [28:15.44]人、動物和物品對他們來說都一樣。 [28:18.37]They are so insensitive. [28:19.56]他們太麻木了。 [28:20.75]After they've finished with the pantry,the medicine cabinet,and the attic, [28:23.86]當他們整理晚餐具室、藥品櫥柜和小閣樓之后， [28:26.98]they will throw out the red geranium (too many leaves),sell the dog(too many fleas), [28:30.88]他們就會扔掉紅色的天竺葵（因為葉子太多了），賣掉狗（因為跳蚤太多了）， [28:34.79]and send the children off to boarding school (too many footprints on the hardwood floors.) [28:38.52]然后把孩子們送到寄宿學校去（因為木地板上的腳印太多了）。 [28:42.24]New Words [28:43.12]單詞 [28:44.01]alphabetize v [28:45.61]依字母順序排列 [28:47.21]band n [28:48.45]1）帶，帶形物 2）樂隊 [28:49.69]boarding n [28:50.68]寄宿學校 [28:51.67]bulletin n [28:52.48]1）小報，會刊 2）簡明新聞，新聞快報 [28:53.29]catalog n [28:54.41]目錄（冊），一覽表 [28:55.53]cavalier adj [28:56.46]滿不在乎的，輕蔑的 [28:57.40]charitable adj [28:58.51]仁慈的，慷慨的，慈悲為懷的 [28:59.63]clipping n [29:00.44]剪報 [29:01.25]closet n [29:02.06]壁櫥，櫥柜 [29:02.87]corsage n [29:04.24]（佩帶的）裝飾花束 [29:05.61]coupon n [29:06.90]優(yōu)惠券，禮券 [29:08.20]den n [29:09.44]舒適的房間、私室或書齋 [29:10.68]drainer n [29:11.92]滴水用具，濾干器 [29:13.17]excavation n [29:14.35]挖掘或發(fā)掘現場 [29:15.54]flea n [29:16.66]跳蚤 [29:17.77]foil n [29:18.89]箔，金屬薄片 [29:20.01]geranium n [29:21.25]天竺葵 [29:22.49]hardwood n & adj [29:23.25]硬木（的） [29:24.00]heading n [29:25.06]標題 [29:26.13]heirloom n [29:27.31]傳家寶 [29:28.50]memento n [29:29.94]紀念品 [29:31.38]messy adj [29:32.26]零亂的，雜亂的，骯臟的 [29:33.15]plea n [29:34.08]懇求，請求 [29:35.02]profession n [29:36.08]職業(yè)，專業(yè)工作 [29:37.14]reuse v [29:38.33]再使用 [29:39.52]rinse v [29:40.81]沖洗 [29:42.11]salvage v [29:43.10]挽救，搶救 [29:44.09]sloppiness n [29:45.33]凌亂，馬虎 [29:46.57]unvarying adj [29:47.82]經久不變的，從無變化的 [29:49.06]wad v [29:50.12]使……成一團 [29:51.18]wardrobe n [29:52.37]衣櫥 [29:53.56]Turning Boys into Gir [29:55.07]男士和女士一樣平 [29:56.58]1 I love Men's Health magazine.There! [29:58.85]我愛《男性健康》這本雜志。你瞧！ [30:01.12]I've told you and I am not ashamed. [30:02.59]我已經告訴了你我并不感到害羞。 [30:04.07]My affection for Men's health is driven by pure gender politics--by the realization that this magazine, [30:08.39]我喜歡《男性健康》純粹是出于性別方面的見解——出于認識到在這本雜志， [30:12.71]and a handful of others like it, [30:13.90]以及少數其他類似的雜志中， [30:15.09]are evening things out in a way that Ms. [30:16.80]能夠得到夢想得到的東西，以前只有女士 [30:18.51]can only dream o [30:19.69]能夠得到 [30:20.88]With page after page of bulging biceps and masculine jaws,robust hairlines and silken skin,Men's Health is advertising a standard of male beauty. [30:28.41]《男性健康》一頁又一頁地展示著強健的二頭肌、富有陽剛之氣的下巴、充滿活力的發(fā)跡線和柔軟光滑的肌膚，它所宣揚的男性標準， [30:35.93]as stereotyped and unrealistic as the female version sold by those large-eyed, very young girls seen on the covers of Glamour and Elle. [30:41.91]就像《魅力》和《世界時裝之苑》封面上那些大眼睛妙齡女郎所兜售的女性標準一樣，即模式化又脫離現實。 [30:47.88]And with a variety of helpful features on "Foods That Fight Fat,""Banish Your Potbelly," [30:51.81]還有各種各樣有幫助的特別欄目像“可減去脂肪的食品”、“擺脫將軍肚”。 [30:55.73]and "Save Your Hair(Before It's Too Late),"Men's Health is well on its way to making the male species as insan [31:00.77]和“拯救你的頭發(fā)（趁現在還不太晚）”?！赌行越】怠氛谑鼓行詫ψ约旱耐獗碜兊茂偪? [31:05.81]insecure,and irrational about physical appearance as does any women's magazine. [31:09.27]不安和失去理智，象女性雜志一樣 [31:12.72]2 The days when men scrubbed their faces with regular soap and viewed gray hair and wrinkles as a badge of honor are fading. [31:18.16]男人用普通香皂洗臉并且把灰頭發(fā)和皺紋視為榮譽象征的時代已漸漸逝去了。 [31:23.59]Last year,international market analyst Euromonitor placed the U.S.men's toiletries market-hair colo [31:29.26]去年，國際市場分析家估算了一下，在美國男性化妝品市場，諸如染發(fā)膏 [31:34.93]skin moisturizer,tooth whiteners,et [31:36.64]潤膚霜，潔牙粉之類 [31:38.35]--at $ 3.5 billio [31:40.30]--消費約達35億美元 [31:42.24]According to a survey conducted by researchers for Men's Health in November 1996,approximately 20 percent [31:46.99]據１９９６年１１月為《男性健康》所作的一項調查顯示，大約２０％ [31:51.75]of American men get manicures or pedicures, [31:53.74]的美國男性修過指甲或接受過足療， [31:55.74]18 percent use skin treatments such as masks or mud packs,and 10 percent enjoy professional facials. [32:00.94]１８％的人做過面膜或面部泥敷，１０％的人享受過面部美容。 [32:06.15]That same month,Psychology Today reported that a poll showed that"6 percent of men nationwide actually use traditionally female products to create the illusion of a youthful appearance." [32:14.37]同月，《今日心理學》雜志報道的一項民意調查表明，全國有６％的男性確實使用過傳統(tǒng)的女性產品去營造一種年輕的幻覺。 [32:22.60]3 What men are putting on their bodies,however,is nothing compared with what they're doing to their bodies:While in the 1980s only an estimated one in 10 plastic surgery patients were men, [32:31.00]但是，男性在他們身上涂抹些什么已經無法與他們在自己身上干了些什么相比了：在八十年代，估計僅有十分之一的男性做過整容， [32:39.41]as of 1996,that ratio had shrunk to one in five. [32:42.40]到了１９９６年，比例達到了五分之一。 [32:45.39]The American Academy of Cosmetic Surgery estimates that nationwide more than 690,000 men had cosmetic procedures performed in 1996 [32:52.28]美國整容學會估計在１９９６年全國有將近６９０，０００的男性做過整容， [32:59.17]the most recent year for which figures are available. [33:01.17]這是在近幾年中數量最大的。 [33:03.17]4 Granted,Men's Health and its journalistic cousins(Men's journal,Details,etc [33:07.27]不錯，《男性健康》和其它同類雜志（如《男士雜志》、《細節(jié)》等 [33:11.38]cannot take all the credit for this breakthrough in gender levelin [33:13.79]不能把在男女平等方面取得的突破的功勞全部據為己有 [33:16.20]The fashion and glamour industries have perfected the art of creating consumer"needs", [33:19.78]創(chuàng)造時尚和魅力的產業(yè)已經是創(chuàng)造消費者“需求”的藝術趨于完美， [33:23.37]and with the women's market pretty much saturated, [33:25.26]而且，隨著女性市場的日趨飽和， [33:27.15]men have become the obvious target by manufacturers and sellers of everything from masculine cosmetics to special clothing. [33:32.11]男性已成為從男性化妝品到男性服裝生產商和銷售商青睞的目標。 [33:37.08]Meanwhile,advances in medical science have made cosmetic surgery a quicker and safer option for busy executives. [33:42.68]同時，對于繁忙的行政人員來說，醫(yī)學的進步已經使整容手術成為更為快捷和安全的選擇。 [33:48.28]5 There are also underlying social factors. [33:50.06]同樣還有一些潛在的社會因素。 [33:51.84]With women growing more financially independent, [33:53.79]隨著婦女在經濟上越來越獨立， [33:55.73]aspiring suitors are discovering that they must offer more than a full wallet if they expect to win(and keep)the fair young lady. [34:01.09]躊躇滿志的求婚者們發(fā)現他們必須負擔得起一大筆錢，才能贏得（和守?。珊妹利惖呐?。 [34:06.46]6 Whatever combination of factors is causing the big increase of male vanity, [34:09.57]不管什么樣的因素結合起來都導致了男性虛榮心的膨脹， [34:12.69]magazines such as Men's Health provide the ideal meeting place for men's insecurities and marketers' greed. [34:18.18]像《男性健康》雜志之類的雜志就成為男性的不安全感和市場專賣者的貪欲提供了理想的滿足機會。 [34:23.67]Like its more established female counterparts,Men's Health is an affordable, [34:26.78]與那些地位已經確立的女性雜志一樣，《男性健康》也是可承受的起的。 [34:29.89]efficient delivery vehicle for the message that physical imperfection,age, [34:33.64]有效的信息傳遞手段，它告訴男士們，身體上的缺陷、年齡， [34:37.38]and an underdeveloped fashion sense are potentially crippling disabilities. [34:40.73]和落后的時尚意識都是嚴重的缺陷。 [34:44.08]As with women's magazines,this cycle of insanity is self-perpetuating. [34:47.66]和女性雜志一起，這種神經錯亂的怪圈正在自我固化。 [34:51.24]The more men obsess about growing old or unattractive,the more marketers will exploit and expand that fear; [34:55.69]更多的男性為年齡增長或失去魅力而擔擾。更多的商家就利用和擴大這種擔憂； [35:00.13]the more marketers bombard men with messages about the need to be beautiful, [35:03.12]商家們越是使用男性需要變得英俊的各種信息來進行轟炸， [35:06.11]the more they will obsess. [35:07.30]就有越多的男性為此擔憂。 [35:08.49]Younger and younger men will also be drawn into this cycle of self-doubt. [35:11.53]而且，越來越年輕的男性也將陷入這種自我懷疑的怪圈中。 [35:14.57]7 Having elevated men's physical insecurities to the level of mental disorder, [35:17.50]已經把男性身上不安全因素提升到了精神錯亂的高度， [35:20.44]men's magazines can then start doing what really matters:selling merchandise. [35:24.43]男性雜志就可以作其真正該做的事了：兜售商品。 [35:28.43]On the cover of Men's Health each month,in small type just above the magazine's title , [35:31.71]每個月的《男性健康》雜志封面上就有小字號， [35:34.98]appears the phrase "Tons of useful stuff." [35:37.11]排印的“成噸的有用商品”。 [35:39.23]Thumbing through an issue or two however,one quickly realizes that a more accurate description would read:"Tons of expensive stuff." [35:44.27]但是，粗粗瀏覽一下，很快就會發(fā)現一個更為精確的描述：“成噸的貴重商品”。 [35:49.31]They're all there:Calvin Klein,Versace,Nike,Omega...The magazine even has those annoying little perfume strips guaranteed to make your nose run and to alienate everyone within a five-mile radius of you. [35:59.05]卡爾文·克萊因、范思哲、耐克、歐米茄……都在里面。雜志中甚至還有惱人的香水紙，使你鼻涕橫流，也使周圍的人不敢靠近你。 [36:08.79]8 Masters of psychology, [36:10.21]因為掌握了心理學， [36:11.63]marketers use their sexiest messages and most popular male models to tempt or intimidate the readership of Men's Health. [36:16.78]商家用他們最為性感的信息和最為流行的男性模特來誘導或脅迫《男性健康》的讀者群。 [36:21.93]And just like in women's magazines,the articles themselves are designed to sell stuff. [36:25.51]而且，和女性雜志一樣，文章本身就是為兜售商品而設計的。 [36:29.09]All those helpful tips for choosing blazers,ties,and belts come complete with information on the who, [36:32.78]那兒不僅有如何選擇男裝、領帶、皮帶的小貼士，還提供適合何人、 [36:36.47]where,and how much. [36:37.50]何處購買、價格如何等信息。 [36:38.52]The strategy is brilliant:Make men understand exactly how far short of the ideal they fall, [36:42.79]這一策略是了不起的：它讓男人們確實明白了自己和理想的距離。 [36:47.05]As Mark Jannot,the grooming and health editor for Men's Journal,told"Today"show host Matt Lauer, [36:50.85]像馬克·喬納特，《男士雜志》的裝扮和健康欄目編輯對“今日”節(jié)目的主持人馬特·勞爾所說的， [36:54.65]"This is a huge,booming market. [36:56.65]這是一個巨大的，正在興旺的市場。 [36:58.65]I mean the marketers have found a group of people that are ripe for the picking. [37:01.17]我的意思是商家已經發(fā)現了一群愿意在各式各樣的高價商品上花錢的人。 [37:03.69]Men are finally learning that aging is a disease." [37:06.51]男人們終于認識到年齡的增長是個麻煩。 [37:09.34]9 To make all this "girly"image obsession acceptable to their audience, [37:11.86]為了使這種“女性化”形象能被他們的觀眾接受， [37:14.38]men's magazines employ all their creative energies to transform appearance issues into"a guy thing." [37:18.93]男性雜志動用了他們所有的創(chuàng)造力和精力去把形象期刊轉變?yōu)橐环N“男人的事情”。 [37:23.49]It appears that, [37:24.51]看來， [37:25.54]no matter how much skin lotion and hair gel you're trying to sell them, [37:28.58]不管護膚露和發(fā)膠賣多少錢， [37:31.62]men must never suspect that you think they share women's insecurities. [37:34.74]男士們必須毫不懷疑人們認為他們和女士們有著同樣的不安全感。 [37:37.85]If you want a man to buy wrinkle cream,marketers have learned, [37:39.92]商家已經認識到如果你想要一位男士購買防皺霜， [37:41.99]you should encourage it as part of the usual masculine shaving routine. [37:44.87]你必須鼓勵他們說，這是男性日常剃須習慣中的一部分。 [37:47.75]Aramis,for example,assures men that its popular Lift off! [37:50.34]例如，阿拉米斯向男人們保證其流行產品， [37:52.93]Moisture Formula will help cut their shave time by one-third. [37:55.60]“剃須保濕配方”會幫助他們減少三分之一的剃須時間。 [37:58.26]"The biggest challenge for products started for women is how to transfer them to men [38:01.30]“對于起初為女性開發(fā)的產品，其最大的挑戰(zhàn)是如何將他們轉化為男性產品” [38:04.35]explained George Schaeffer,the president of OPI cosmetic [38:07.10]OPI化妝品公司總裁喬治。謝弗這樣解釋道 [38:09.85]Shaeffer's Los Angeles-based company is the maker of an almost unnoticeable nail polish that has proved a hit with men. [38:14.53]謝弗的洛杉磯總公司制造了一種幾乎不為人所察覺的指甲油，受到男性的歡迎。 [38:19.21]10 On a larger scale,advertising a physical makeover or trip to a weight reduction clinic as a smart way to help one in his career [38:24.70]大規(guī)模地向人們宣傳身體塑形和減肥是有助于事業(yè)發(fā)展的另一個聰明的做法， [38:30.19]seems to help man rationalize their image obsession. [38:32.71]似乎能幫助人們對自己的形象困擾更加理性化。 [38:35.23]"Whatever a man's cosmetic shortcoming,it's apt to be a career liability," [38:38.24]“不管一個人有著什么樣的外貌缺陷，它都會成為他事業(yè)發(fā)展的不利條件?！? [38:41.25]noted Alan Farnham in a recent issue of Fortune. [38:43.24]艾倫·法納姆在近期的《財富》雜志中指出： [38:45.24]"The business world is prejudiced against the ugly." [38:47.37]“生意場對于丑陋懷有偏見。” [38:49.49]Obvious rationalization can be seen in Forbes'poor attempt to differentiate between male and female vanity in its article on cosmetic surgery: [38:55.09]《福布斯》雜志上有一篇關于外科整形手術的文章，試圖區(qū)別男人和女人的虛榮心有關不同之處： [39:00.69]"Plastic surgery is more a cosmetic thing for women. [39:02.86]“對于女人來說外科整形手術不僅僅是美容。 [39:05.04]They have a thing about aging. [39:06.41]它還意味著（解決）衰老的問題。 [39:07.78]For men it's an investment that pays pretty good dividend." [39:10.08]而對男人來說，它是收益頗豐的投資。” [39:12.39]Whatever you say,guys. [39:13.52]你說呢？ [39:14.65]11 The irony is rich and bittersweet. [39:16.02]這種諷刺是令人回味的，苦樂參半的。 [39:17.39]Gender equity is at last headed our way--not in the form of women being less obsessed with looking like Calvin Klein models, [39:22.36]男女平等總算朝我們走來，但平等不再是女性像從前那樣著迷于自己是否看上去像卡爾文·克萊因廣告中的模特， [39:27.33]but of men becoming hysterical over the first signs of wrinkles. [39:30.44]而是男性在為臉上開始出現皺紋感到極其焦慮不安。 [39:33.55]New Words [39:34.69]單詞 [39:35.82]affordable adj [39:37.19]支付得起的，不太昂貴的 [39:38.56]alienate v [39:40.16]使疏遠，使不友好 [39:41.76]aspiring adj [39:43.13]積極追求的，有抱負的 [39:44.50]biceps n [39:45.97]二頭肌 [39:47.45]bittersweet adj [39:48.71]又苦又甜的，苦樂參半的 [39:49.97]blazer n [39:51.05]（與褲子不配套的）男式便上裝 [39:52.13]bombard v [39:53.08]1）不斷給予，連珠炮似地發(fā)問 2）炮擊，轟炸 [39:54.04]bulge v [39:54.88]膨脹，鼓起 [39:55.73]cosmetic adj [39:57.21]美容用的，整容的 [39:58.68]crippling adj [39:59.82]造成嚴重后果的 [40:00.95]dividend n [40:02.03]1）回報，效益 2）紅利，股息 [40:03.11]elevate v [40:04.14]提高，使上升 [40:05.16]equity n [40:06.24]公平，公正 [40:07.32]financially adv [40:08.51]經濟上，財政上 [40:09.70]gel n [40:10.54]凝膠體 [40:11.39]girly adj [40:12.18]像少女的，女人氣的 [40:12.97]greed n [40:13.82]貪心，貪婪 [40:14.67]hairline n [40:15.93]頭發(fā)輪廓線，發(fā)際線 [40:17.19]handful n [40:17.98]1）少數，少量，一小撮 2）一把 [40:18.77]hysterical adj [40:20.03]歇斯底里的，情緒異常激動的 [40:21.29]insane adj [40:22.71]1）蠢極的，荒唐的 2）精神錯亂的，瘋狂的 [40:24.13]insanity n [40:25.16]1）極端的愚蠢，荒唐 2）精神錯亂，瘋狂 [40:26.19]jaw n [40:27.03]上、下頜，下巴，口部 [40:27.88]jounalistic adj [40:28.72]新聞業(yè)的 [40:29.57]liability n [40:30.88]不利條件 [40:32.20]lotion n [40:33.22]護膚液，洗液，洗劑 [40:34.25]manicure n [40:35.38]修指甲 [40:36.52]manufacturer n [40:37.54]制造商，制造公司 [40:38.57]moisture n [40:39.60]潮濕，濕氣 [40:40.62]moisturizer n [40:41.99]潤膚霜 [40:43.36]mud n [40:44.44]泥，泥漿 [40:45.52]nationwide adv & adj [40:46.71]1）在全國范圍內 2）全國性的 [40:47.89]pedicure n [40:48.69]修腳趾甲，足部治療 [40:49.48]perpetuate v [40:50.74]使永久存在 [40:52.00]potbelly n [40:53.08]大肚皮，大腹 [40:54.16]radius n [40:55.42]1）半徑范圍 2）半徑 [40:56.68]readership n [40:57.87]（某一報刊雜志等的）讀者們 [40:59.05]saturated adj [41:00.19]飽和的，充滿的 [41:01.32]shortcoming n [41:02.69]缺點，短處 [41:04.06]silken adj [41:05.53]柔軟光滑的 [41:07.01]softener n [41:08.27]起軟化作用的東西，軟化劑，柔軟劑 [41:09.53]suitor n [41:10.95]求婚者 [41:12.37]toiletries n [41:13.80]梳妝用品，化妝品 [41:15.22]underdeveloped adj [41:16.77]不發(fā)達的，落后的，發(fā)育不全的 [41:18.31]underlying adj [41:19.57]含蓄的，內在的，潛在的 [41:20.83]underwear n [41:22.15]內衣褲 [41:23.46]vanity n [41:24.88]虛榮心 [41:26.31]whitener n [41:27.49]增白劑

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