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> 行業(yè)英語 > 金融英語 > 金融英語口語 >  第52篇

金融英語口語 32.The History

所屬教程:金融英語口語

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https://online2.tingclass.net/lesson/shi0529/0008/8517/52.mp3
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[00:00.00]New Words

[00:00.82]新單詞

[00:01.65]Babylon n.

[00:02.32]巴比倫(古代巴比倫王國首都)

[00:03.00]temple n.

[00:03.59]廟宇,專供某種活動場所

[00:04.18](the) Renaissance n.

[00:05.02]文藝復(fù)興,

[00:05.85]ancient adj.

[00:06.52]古代的

[00:07.18]Greece n.

[00:07.85]希臘

[00:08.52]breakup n.

[00:09.23]分裂,崩潰

[00:09.95]decline n.

[00:10.64]下降,衰落

[00:11.34]usury n.

[00:11.96]高利貸,高利

[00:12.59]illegal adj.

[00:13.23]不合法的;非法的

[00:13.87]Belgium n.

[00:14.56]比利時

[00:15.26]function n.

[00:15.84]功能,作用

[00:16.43]complex adj.

[00:17.20]復(fù)雜的

[00:17.97]especially adv.

[00:18.66]特別地

[00:19.36]expand v.

[00:20.13]擴(kuò)大

[00:20.90]partially adv.

[00:21.54]部分地

[00:22.18]Venice n.

[00:22.94]威尼斯(意大利港市)

[00:23.69]semi-public adj.

[00:24.53]半公立的

[00:25.36]Phrases & Expressions

[00:27.53]Roman Empire

[00:28.36]羅馬帝國

[00:29.18]emerge from

[00:30.11]出現(xiàn),冒出

[00:31.03]feudal system

[00:31.86]封建體制

[00:32.68]Middle Ages

[00:33.50]中世紀(jì)

[00:34.32]bill of exchange

[00:35.21]匯票

[00:36.10]regulatory function

[00:37.33]常規(guī)作用

[00:38.56]Z:Good afternoon!

[00:39.30]張:下午好!

[00:40.05]A:Good afternoon!

[00:40.84]全體:下午好!

[00:41.64]Z:Today I'll introduce something about the history of banking in the west.

[00:44.41]張:今天我要講點(diǎn)西方銀行史。

[00:47.18]Well, that's very interesting, the earliest banks started in Babylon almost 4 000 years ago.

[00:50.63]這是很有意思的,最早的銀行大約是四千年前在巴比倫建立的。

[00:54.07]They were really temples which collected deposits and made loans.

[00:56.41]實(shí)際上,那些銀行只是一種收集存款并進(jìn)行的放款的場所。

[00:58.75]S1:I see, but I had always thought that banking started during the Renaissance in Europe.

[01:01.44]學(xué)1:我明白了,但我原來一直以為銀行業(yè)務(wù)始于歐洲文藝復(fù)興時期。

[01:04.13]N:No, it was much earlier than that. Then, there were banks in ancient Greece and Rome, too.

[01:07.20]周:不,比那個時期早多了。古希臘和羅馬都有許多銀行,

[01:10.27]It wasn't until the breakup of the Roman Empire and the decline in trade and commercial transactions that banking lost its previous importance.

[01:15.47]直到羅馬帝崩潰和商貿(mào)業(yè)務(wù)的衰落,銀行業(yè)才失去了它以往的重要性。

[01:20.67]S2:What about the laws against usury during the Middle Ages?

[01:22.73]學(xué)2:中世紀(jì)時,放禁止放高利貸是怎么回事?

[01:24.79]Didn't such laws make it illegal to charge interest on loans?

[01:26.75]這些法律沒有規(guī)定貸款收取利息是非法的嗎?

[01:28.71]Z:Yes, they did, but these laws were gradually changed during the 14th and 15th centuries and banking functions started appearing again in Italy and Belgium and later in France,

[01:34.79]周:是的,規(guī)定了,但是這些法律在14,15世紀(jì)時逐步地改變了,銀行的作用又在意大利和比利時開始出現(xiàn),后來又在法國,

[01:40.86]Germany and England.

[01:41.90]德國和英國。

[01:42.95]S3:So we can really say that banking restarted during the Renaissance.

[01:45.65]學(xué)3:所以實(shí)際上我們可以說,銀行業(yè)在文藝復(fù)興時期又重新開始了。

[01:48.36]Z:You are right. We can easily see the need for the development of the banks during that period.

[01:51.90]張:對的。顯而易見,銀行的發(fā)展正是出于那個時期的需要。當(dāng)歐洲從中世紀(jì)封建制度的禁錮中掙脫出來時,

[01:55.44]Commercial and financial transactions had once again started to become more complex as Europe emerged from the feudal system of the Middle Ages.

[02:00.67]商業(yè)和金融交易再一次開始變得復(fù)雜起來了。

[02:05.91]S4:Could you tell us more in detail?

[02:07.19]學(xué)4:您能說得再具體些嗎?

[02:08.47]Z:Yeah. For one thing, many banks started that way, especially in France and England,

[02:11.84]周:是的。一方面很多銀行就是這樣興起的,特別是在法國和英國。

[02:15.21]but they gradually expanded their activities to handling deposits and loans,

[02:17.93]可是他們逐漸地擴(kuò)展他們的經(jīng)營活動,發(fā)展到從事儲蓄,貸款,

[02:20.64]issuing and trading bills of exchange and even issuing their own notes;

[02:23.67]發(fā)行和買賣匯票,甚至發(fā)行他們自己的貨幣。

[02:26.70]for another thing, they started the fractional reserve system which is the central feature of modern banks.

[02:30.64]另一方面他們開始建立起部分儲備制度,而這一點(diǎn)正是現(xiàn)代銀行的主要特征。

[02:34.57]S5:When did the idea of central banks get started?

[02:36.64]學(xué)5:建立中央銀行的想法是什么時候開始的?

[02:38.72]Z:Well, the first bank that was partially owned and controlled by a state government was established in Venice in 1587.

[02:43.41]張:哦,第一個由國家政府部分擁有和控制的銀行是1587年在威尼斯建立起來的。

[02:48.10]Then, the bank of England appeared. We could call them semi-public.

[02:51.06]后來英格蘭銀行出現(xiàn)。我們稱這種銀行為半公立銀行。

[02:54.03]As a matter of fact, the central banks with specific regulatory functions were created in the middle of 19th century. OK, we call it a day.

[03:00.35]事實(shí)上在19世紀(jì)中葉具有明確常規(guī)作用的中央銀行已建立起來。好吧!下課。

[03:06.67]A:Good-bye!

[03:07.17]全:再見!

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