別“傻坐”著了！久坐會(huì)讓人變傻變癡呆

久坐讓人老得快、讓人生病、讓人早逝，如果你還不肯抬抬你的屁股，你可能正越變?cè)缴?。科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，久坐會(huì)讓人變傻，而且還會(huì)更容易得老年癡呆。

Sitting at your desk all day or on your sofa watching TV could make you stupid, scientists have suggested.

科學(xué)家指出，終日坐在桌前或者坐在沙發(fā)上看電視會(huì)讓你變傻。

Researchers have discovered those with a sedentary lifestyle have a smaller brain region important in forming memories.

研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些習(xí)慣久坐的人的大腦中負(fù)責(zé)形成記憶的區(qū)域更小。

The study, by researchers at the University of California at Los Angeles, adds to a growing list about the dangers of sitting for too long.

長期久坐的危害有很多，洛杉磯加利福尼亞大學(xué)的研究人員開展的這項(xiàng)研究又揭示了久坐的一個(gè)新危害。

久坐的危害有多少?如果你沒聽說過或已經(jīng)忘記，你有必要看看科學(xué)家的一系列研究結(jié)果。

首先，久坐可致命。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，長時(shí)間坐著的人死亡率更高，無論他們是否從事身體鍛煉。

其次，久坐會(huì)致病，包括心臟病、癌癥等。

第三，久坐還會(huì)讓你早衰。長時(shí)間坐著會(huì)縮短端粒——染色體末端的保護(hù)帽，讓你的DNA提早衰老。

An array of evidence has already linked the bad habit to heart disease, diabetes, several forms of cancer and an early death in recent years.

近些年有大量證據(jù)顯示，久坐這一壞習(xí)慣和心臟病、糖尿病、幾種癌癥和早逝有關(guān)。

But the new research, derived from 35 participants, suggests sitting for too long could even boost the risk of dementia.

新研究調(diào)查了35名參與者，結(jié)果顯示，久坐甚至?xí)黾踊祭夏臧V呆癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

Those with the lazy lifestyles had less grey matter in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) - even if they went for regular brisk walks, cycle rides or jogs.

經(jīng)常久坐不動(dòng)的人即使定期快走、騎車或慢跑，大腦內(nèi)側(cè)顳葉的灰色神經(jīng)組織也比不久坐的人更少。

A decline in this area has repeatedly been shown to be an early warning sign of Alzheimer's disease in middle-aged and elderly patients.

中老年人大腦內(nèi)側(cè)顳葉的萎縮已被反復(fù)證實(shí)是患上老年癡呆癥的早期跡象。

The study, published in PLOS ONE, quizzed the volunteers, who were aged between 45 and 75, about their levels of exercise.

這項(xiàng)發(fā)表在《公共科學(xué)圖書館·綜合》期刊上的研究對(duì)年齡在45歲到75歲之間的志愿者就其鍛煉水平進(jìn)行了問卷調(diào)查。

Each person underwent a high-resolution MRI scan which provides a detailed look at the MTL, an area involved in the formation of new memories.

每個(gè)人都接受了高分辨率核磁共振成像掃描，研究人員還仔細(xì)查看了他們的大腦內(nèi)側(cè)顳葉——負(fù)責(zé)形成新記憶的區(qū)域。

The researchers, led by biostatistician Dr Prabha Siddarth, found that sedentary people had a thinner MTL.

生物統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家普拉布哈·西達(dá)斯博士領(lǐng)頭的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，久坐的人大腦內(nèi)側(cè)顳葉更薄。

Dr Siddarth and colleagues revealed how this finding remained true - even when volunteers had high levels of physical activity.

西達(dá)斯博士和他的同事指出，即使志愿者運(yùn)動(dòng)量大，這一結(jié)果也不會(huì)改變。

The researchers warned that the study 'does not prove too much sitting causes thinner brain structures'.

研究人員警告說，該研究“沒有證明久坐會(huì)導(dǎo)致大腦內(nèi)側(cè)顳葉變薄”。

However, they were keen to add the research does prove 'that more hours spent sitting are associated with thinner regions'.

但是，他們馬上補(bǔ)充道，研究確實(shí)證明“久坐和大腦內(nèi)側(cè)顳葉變薄有關(guān)”。

The researchers wrote: 'MTL thinning can be a precursor to cognitive decline and dementia in middle aged and older adults.

研究人員寫道：“大腦內(nèi)側(cè)顳葉變薄預(yù)示著認(rèn)知能力的下降和中老年癡呆。”

'Reducing sedentary behaviour may be a possible target for interventions designed to improve brain health in people at risk for Alzheimer's disease.'

“減少久坐時(shí)間也許是一個(gè)可以幫助老年癡呆風(fēng)險(xiǎn)人群改善大腦健康的目標(biāo)介入手段。”

The scientists, who were part funded by the US government, now plan to follow up the preliminary findings on a larger trial group.

現(xiàn)在科學(xué)家計(jì)劃在初步研究結(jié)果基礎(chǔ)上繼續(xù)開展這項(xiàng)研究，擴(kuò)大試驗(yàn)范圍。這項(xiàng)研究的資金部分來源于美國政府。

This will help determine if sitting causes the thinning and what precise role gender, race and weight may play, they said.

他們表示，這將有助于確定久坐是否導(dǎo)致大腦內(nèi)側(cè)顳葉變薄，以及性別、種族和體重有無影響。

Previous research shows physical activity correlates with higher volume in the hippocampus, a small, memory-critical region deep within the brain.

先前的研究顯示，身體活動(dòng)與更大的海馬體有關(guān)，海馬體是大腦深處和記憶密切相關(guān)的一小塊區(qū)域。

The temporal lobes are on either side of the brain, near the temples. They deal with memory, including recognition of faces and objects, and language.

大腦兩側(cè)臨近太陽穴的顳葉掌管著記憶，包括對(duì)臉、物體和語言的辨識(shí)。

The Alzheimer's Society said: 'Our day-to-day memory of personal experiences, known as episodic memory, is very closely linked to the hippocampus.'

阿爾茨海默氏病協(xié)會(huì)表示：“我們每日關(guān)于個(gè)人經(jīng)歷的記憶叫作情景記憶，和海馬體的關(guān)系十分緊密。”

They added that this is 'inside the temporal lobe on each side of the brain'.

他們補(bǔ)充說，這部分記憶就儲(chǔ)存在“大腦兩側(cè)的顳葉之內(nèi)”。

'The outer part of each temporal lobe is where we store general knowledge, which is a different type of memory known as semantic memory,' a spokesperson said.

該協(xié)會(huì)的一名發(fā)言人說：“每側(cè)顳葉的外圍部分就是我們儲(chǔ)存常識(shí)的地方，這是另一種記憶，名為語義記憶。”

'The left temporal lobe usually deals with facts, the meanings of words and the names of objects. This lobe is central to understanding speech and talking.

“左側(cè)的顳葉通常儲(chǔ)存事實(shí)、詞語的意思和物體的名字。這一側(cè)顳葉對(duì)于理解言語和談話至關(guān)重要。”

'The right temporal lobe usually deals with visual material. This lobe is central to recognising familiar objects and faces. '

“右側(cè)的顳葉通常掌管視覺信息。這一側(cè)顳葉對(duì)于辨識(shí)熟悉的物體和臉很關(guān)鍵。”