英國小學推廣“中式教育”

英國教育部上周宣布，根據(jù)改革計劃，將在全英8000所小學推廣采用中國傳統(tǒng)數(shù)學教學方法。這一數(shù)字占到英國小學總數(shù)的一半。

我們來看看英國媒體的報道：

Half of primary schools will adopt the traditional Chinese method of maths teaching in a Government drive to stop British youngsters falling behind their Asian counterparts.

在政府推動下，全英將有一半的小學采用中國傳統(tǒng)數(shù)學教學方法，以防止英國小學生(的數(shù)學成績)落后于亞洲的小學生。

They will ditch ‘child-centred’ styles and instead return to repetition, drills and ‘chalk and talk’ whole-class learning.

這些小學將摒棄“因材施教”的教學方式，轉(zhuǎn)而采用重復、訓練以及“粉筆加口授”式的整班教學方式。

Teachers will be offered training, textbooks and advice on how to adopt the ‘Shanghai maths’ method.

英國小學教師將就如何實行“上海數(shù)學”教學法得到相關(guān)教材，接受培訓和意見指導。

英國小學生在數(shù)字計算能力國際排名(international league tables of numeracy)中被中國、新加坡和日本的孩子們遠遠甩在后面。批評人士認為，這都要歸罪于英國學校目前實行的以學生為中心的教學方式。

那么我們就來看看中式數(shù)學教育和英式數(shù)學教育的特點。

中式數(shù)學教育(Chinese method of maths teaching)

以課本為基礎(chǔ)的教學方式(teaching method backed up by textbooks)，所有的學生通過不斷的運算和練習掌握基本的運算規(guī)則后才開始學習下一階段的內(nèi)容。特點：重復性(repetition)、多次訓練(drills)、粉筆加口授(chalk and talk)、整班教學(whole-class learning)。

英式數(shù)學教育(British method of maths teaching)

以個體為基礎(chǔ)的教學方式(individual-based teaching)，班里的學生根據(jù)不同水平分組，各組按照各自的水平學習不同難度的材料(classes are often divided into groups based on ability, with each group given work of varying difficulty)。特點：學生為中心(child-centered)、專注于把數(shù)學應用于真實場景(focusing on applying maths to real-life scenarios)、分組教學(group learning)。

近兩年引爆互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的奇葩數(shù)學題：

Hannah's sweets

There are n sweets in a bag.

6 of the sweets are orange.

The rest of the sweets are yellow.

Hannah takes at random a sweet from the bag.

She eats the sweet.

Hannah then takes at random a sweet from the bag.

She eats the sweet.

The probability that Hannah eats two orange sweets is 1/3

(a) Show that n^2 - n - 90 = 0

漢娜的糖

包里有n個糖。

其中有6個是橙色的。

其余的是黃色的。

漢娜隨機從包里拿了一個糖。

吃了。

漢娜又隨機從包里拿了一個糖。

吃了。

漢娜吃到兩個橙色糖的可能性為三分之一

求證：n^2 - n - 90 = 0

Solution:

Take the words from the question, and write it down as an equation - 6/n x 5/(n-1) = 1/3

Multiply the 6 by the 5 and the n by the n-1. That gives you: 30/(n^2 - n) = 1/3

Multiply the top-left by bottom-right and top-right by bottom-left

Subtract 90 from both sides, leading to your answer n^2 - n - 90 = 0

解：

將題目中的表述列成等式：6/n x 5/(n-1) = 1/3

左邊兩項相乘的結(jié)果為：30/(n^2 - n) = 1/3

等式兩邊的分子與分母分別相乘得出：n^2 - n =90

兩邊各減去90得出：n^2 - n - 90 = 0

Use the repeated addition strategy to solve 5X3

5X3=?

用重復加法來計算5X3

錯誤答案：5+5+5

正確答案：3+3+3+3+3