常春藤解析英語(yǔ) 68 A Good Diet正確的減肥飲食

A Good Diet　正確的減肥飲食

by Lars Berry

Diet fads are always coming and going. Almost every month, there's a hot new way to lose weight and get _(1)_. In 2003, the Atkins Diet (also known as the Atkins Nutritional Approach) reached _(2)_ a high popularity that almost 1 in 10 Americans was using it to lose weight.

Dr. Atkins believed that obesity had become a problem in the Western world because people were _(3)_ too many carbohydrates. Through many trials, Dr. Atkins found that lowering carbohydrate intake helped patients lose weight and stay healthy. Atkins also claimed that too much _(4)_ was laid on fatty foods for America's obesity problems, and that the real culprits were carbohydrates.

Controversy over the real health benefits of Dr. Atkins' methods came about when some patients _(5)_ suffering from heart disease. Elevated protein intake from fatty meats was most likely the problem. One dieter even attempted to sue Atkins after he underwent heart surgery for conditions which he believed were caused by use of the Atkins Diet.

A good diet is more than likely based on a balanced intake of food and daily exercise. It doesn't need to be complicated. Foods high _(6)_ fat or sugar should only be eaten occasionally. Fruits, vegetables, fish, and lean meats are excellent daily sources of the nutrition we need to _(7)_ healthy lives. People who want to avoid the need for extreme diets should exercise every day and eat a logical, healthy balance of foods.

1. (A) in shape (B) in favor (C) in place (D) in fashion

2. (A) so (B) too (C) rather (D) such

3. (A) purchasing (B) overspending (C) consuming (D) outweighing

4. (A) error (B) blame (C) guilt (D) charge

5. (A) set off (B) passed out (C) ended up (D) took over

6. (A) at (B) in (C) for (D) with

7. (A) lead (B) guide (C) bear (D) follow

原來(lái)如此

1. Almost every month, there's a hot new way to lose weight and get in shape.

理由:

a. (A) in shape　　健康∕身體狀況良好

out of shape　　健康∕身體狀況不好

例: Ed goes jogging each morning in the hope of getting in shape.

(艾德每天晨跑就是希望身體健康。)

(B) in favor　　受歡迎

例: This kind of music has been in favor for a couple of years.

(這種音樂(lè)已經(jīng)流行好幾年了。)

(C) in place　　在適當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?就定位

例: Glen spent three hours putting his books in place.

(葛蘭花了 3 個(gè)小時(shí)將書籍歸位。)

(D) in fashion　　流行的

out of fashion　　退流行，不流行

b. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)意，可知應(yīng)選 (A)。

2. In 2003, the Atkins Diet...reached such a high popularity that almost 1 in 10 Americans was using it to lose weight.

理由:

a. so + adj./adv. + that 子句　　如此……以致于……

例: What Jack said angered Ruth so much that her face turned red.

(杰克說(shuō)的話讓魯思?xì)獾媚樁技t了。)

b. too + adj./adv. + to V　　太……而無(wú)法……

例: Julie is too stubborn to listen to our advice.

(茱莉太固執(zhí)了，聽不進(jìn)我們的勸告。)

c. such + a/an + adj. + N + that 子句　　如此……以致于……

例: Alice is such a nice girl that everyone likes her.

(艾麗斯真是個(gè)好女孩，每個(gè)人都喜歡她。)

d. 空格后有名詞詞組 a high popularity(非常流行、大受歡迎)，故根據(jù)上述，僅 such 置入后符合用法，故選 (D)。

3. Dr. Atkins believed that obesity had become a problem in the Western world because people were consuming too many carbohydrates.

理由:

a. (A) purchase vt. 購(gòu)買

(B) overspend vt. 超支，透支

(C) consume vt. 吃掉，喝掉;消耗

例: We consumed too much water before the drought and had to resort to rationing.

(干旱前我們用掉太多水，結(jié)果不得不實(shí)施分區(qū)停水。)

(D) outweigh vt. 勝過(guò);重于

例: Under the new plan, the risks outweigh the benefits.

(實(shí)施那項(xiàng)新計(jì)劃的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大于利益。)

b. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)意，可知應(yīng)選 (C)。

4. Atkins also claimed that too much blame was laid on fatty foods for America's obesity problems, and that the real culprits were carbohydrates.

理由:

a. (A) error n. 錯(cuò)誤，失誤

(B) blame n. 責(zé)任

lay/put the blame on...　　把責(zé)任推到……身上

例: The truck driver put the blame on me for the car accident.

(那名卡車司機(jī)把車禍的責(zé)任推到我身上。)

(C) guilt n. 犯罪;內(nèi)疚

(D) charge n. 費(fèi)用;控告

b. "lay the blame on..." 為固定用法(本句中為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))，故選 (B)。其余均不合用法而不可選。

5. Controversy over the real health benefits of Dr. Atkins' methods came about when some patients ended up suffering from heart disease.

理由:

a. (A) set off　　出發(fā)，啟程(= set out)

(B) pass out　　昏倒(= faint)

例: Sally passed out when she heard the bad news.

(莎莉聽到那個(gè)壞消息就昏倒了。)

(C) end up + V-ing　　到頭來(lái)∕結(jié)果……

注意:

end up 視作不完全不及物動(dòng)詞，故之后可接現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。

例: The gambler ended up losing everything.

(這個(gè)賭徒到頭來(lái)失去了一切。)

(D) take over...　　接管∕接掌……

例: Betty is going to take over her father's business.

(貝蒂將會(huì)接管父親的事業(yè)。)

b. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)意及用法，可知應(yīng)選 (C)。

6. Foods high in fat or sugar should only be eaten occasionally.

理由:

a. 本空格測(cè)試下列固定用法：

be high in...　　富含……

= be rich in...

be low in...　　……的含量低

例: This fruit is high in calcium but low in potassium.

(這種水果含有豐富的鈣質(zhì)，但鉀的含量卻很低。)

* potassium n. 鉀

b. 根據(jù)上述，可知 (B) 應(yīng)為正選 。

7. Fruits, vegetables, fish, and lean meats are excellent daily sources of the nutrition we need to lead healthy lives.

理由:

a. (A) lead + a/an + adj. + life

= live + a/an + adj. + life

過(guò)著……的生活

例: My grandparents led very simple, unremarkable lives.

(我的祖父母過(guò)著非常簡(jiǎn)單、平凡的生活。)

(B) guide vt. 帶領(lǐng)

(C) bear vt. 承擔(dān);忍受

例: Mark can't bear to hear babies cry.

(馬克受不了聽到嬰兒的哭聲。)

(D) follow vt. 跟隨

b. 根據(jù)語(yǔ)意及用法，可知應(yīng)選 (A)。

精解字詞詞組

1. come and go　　來(lái)來(lái)去去;時(shí)有時(shí)無(wú)

例: Boyfriends come and go, but a sister is forever.

(男朋友來(lái)來(lái)去去，但姊妹永遠(yuǎn)是姊妹。)

2. trial n. 試驗(yàn);審判

be on trial (for...)　　(因……)接受審判

例: That murderer is soon to be on trial for killing his wife.

(那名謀殺犯即將因殺妻接受審判。)

3. come about 發(fā)生

例: Do you know how this tragedy came about?

(你知道這場(chǎng)悲劇是怎么發(fā)生的嗎?)

4. suffer from...　　罹患……(疾病)

例: She suffers from a mild case of nearsightedness.

(她患有輕度的近視。)

5. elevated a. 提高的

elevate vt. 提升;提高

例: That scholar has been elevated to godlike status.

(那名學(xué)者被捧得像神一樣。)

6. sue vt. 控告

sue sb for...　　因……控告某人

例: The patient sued the doctor for giving him the wrong medicine.

(病人控告醫(yī)生開錯(cuò)藥方。)

7. undergo vt. 接受(手術(shù));經(jīng)歷

三態(tài)為：undergo, underwent, undergone。

例: Brett underwent surgery on his knee last week.

(布萊特上星期動(dòng)了膝蓋手術(shù)。)

8. occasionally adv. 偶爾

= on occasion

例: Everyone who works hard should occasionally take breaks.

(每個(gè)辛勤工作的人都應(yīng)該偶爾找個(gè)時(shí)間休息一下。)

文法一點(diǎn)靈

One dieter even attempted to sue Atkins after he underwent heart surgery for conditions which he believed were caused by use of the Atkins Diet.

(一位減肥者在接受心臟手術(shù)后，甚至打算控告艾特金斯博士，他相信自己的癥狀是使用了艾特金斯減肥法所造成的。)

注意:

在形容詞子句中，關(guān)系代名詞之后可置入插入語(yǔ)，且此關(guān)系代名詞不受插入語(yǔ)的影響。插入語(yǔ)的形式為：

主詞 + 表認(rèn)知的動(dòng)詞(believe、think、feel、know、consider、find 等)

例: Ted is the man whom I think committed the crime. (╳)

→ Ted is the man who I think committed the crime. (○)

(我認(rèn)為泰德就是犯下那樁罪行的人。)

單字小鋪

1. fad n. 一時(shí)的流行，風(fēng)尚

2. nutritional a. 營(yíng)養(yǎng)的

3. obesity n. 肥胖

obese a. 肥胖的

4. carbohydrate n. 碳水化合物

5. intake n.(食物、飲料等的)攝取量

6. fatty a. 脂肪多的;油膩的

7. culprit n. 問(wèn)題的起因;罪犯

8. controversy n. 爭(zhēng)論，爭(zhēng)議

controversial a. 有爭(zhēng)議的

9. benefit n. 利益;好處

10. protein n. 蛋白質(zhì)

11. surgery n. 外科手術(shù)

12. balanced a. 均衡的

13. complicated a. 復(fù)雜的

14. lean a.(肉)瘦的，脂肪少的 & n. 瘦肉

15. nutrition n. 營(yíng)養(yǎng)

16. logical a. 合理的;合乎邏輯的

illogical a. 不合理的;不合邏輯的

詞組小鋪

1. lose weight　　減重

gain weight　　增重

2. attempt to V　　企圖∕試圖(做)……

中文翻譯

節(jié)食的風(fēng)潮總是來(lái)來(lái)去去，幾乎每個(gè)月都會(huì)有一種熱門的新式減肥健身法出現(xiàn)。在 2003 年時(shí)，艾特金斯飲食法(又稱『艾特金斯食肉減肥法』)廣為流行，幾乎每 10 個(gè)美國(guó)人中就有一位使用該方法減肥。

艾特金斯博士相信，肥胖之所以成為西方世界的問(wèn)題是因?yàn)槿藗償z取過(guò)多碳水化合物。經(jīng)過(guò)多次試驗(yàn)，他發(fā)現(xiàn)減少碳水化合物的攝取有助于肥胖患者減重并保持健康。艾特金斯博士還宣稱，許多人把美國(guó)人肥胖的原因怪罪于高脂肪的食物，但造成肥胖的真正元兇其實(shí)是碳水化合物。

有些減肥者后來(lái)罹患心臟病，艾特金斯食肉減肥法是否有益健康遂引發(fā)爭(zhēng)議。因食用高脂肪肉類而攝取過(guò)多蛋白質(zhì)最有可能是問(wèn)題所在。一位減肥者在接受心臟手術(shù)后，甚至打算控告艾特金斯博士，他相信自己的癥狀是使用了艾特金斯飲食法所造成的。

正確的飲食習(xí)慣莫過(guò)于均衡飲食加上每天運(yùn)動(dòng)，就這么簡(jiǎn)單。富含脂肪和糖類的食物偶爾吃吃就好。水果、蔬菜、魚肉和瘦肉是最佳的食物來(lái)源，能供應(yīng)身體所需的營(yíng)養(yǎng)，讓我們享有健康的生活。想要避免激進(jìn)節(jié)食的人應(yīng)該每天運(yùn)動(dòng)，并攝取合理且健康均衡的食物。

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案: 1. (A)　2. (D)　3. (C)　4. (B)　5. (C)　6. (B)　7. (A)