俄羅斯女子花滑選手爆冷戰(zhàn)勝金妍兒

Russian Is Surprise Winner in Women’s Figure Skating

俄羅斯女子花滑選手爆冷戰(zhàn)勝金妍兒

SOCHI, Russia — Many expected a Russian to win a gold medal in women’s figure skating at the Sochi Games, but hardly anyone expected that it would be Adelina Sotnikova.

俄羅斯索契——很多人估計，俄羅斯人會贏得索契冬奧會的花樣滑冰女子單人滑金牌，只是沒什么人預(yù)想到會是阿德利娜·索特尼科娃(Adelina Sotnikova)。

Overlooked by her country earlier at the Olympic team event, Sotnikova, 17, waited patiently for the singles competition and delivered a sophisticated and aggressive performance on Thursday to score a major upset over the 2010 champion, Kim Yu-na of South Korea.

在之前的奧運(yùn)團(tuán)體賽中，17歲的索特尼科娃被自己的祖國冷落。她耐心地等待單人滑比賽，并于周四成功完成了令人眼花繚亂的強(qiáng)勢表演，爆冷戰(zhàn)勝了2010年的冠軍韓國人金妍兒(Kim Yu-na)。

In the subjective world of figure skating, which is governed by an opaque judging system and a complicated scoring system not easily understood by casual fans, the outcome fostered immediate debate.

花樣滑冰項目的主觀性很強(qiáng)，評判系統(tǒng)頗不透明，其復(fù)雜的打分系統(tǒng)對一般的冰迷而言并不容易理解。這一賽果立即引發(fā)了爭論。

Sotnikova landed seven triple jumps to six for Kim and won the long program with 149.95 points. She finished with 224.59 overall points and became the first Russian or Soviet woman to win an individual gold medal.

相較金妍兒的六個三周跳，索特尼科娃成功完成了七個，長節(jié)目得分為149.95。她兩套節(jié)目的總得分為224.59，成為了贏得冬奧會女單金牌的首個俄羅斯人或蘇聯(lián)人。

Even with her grace, maturity, composure and soaring jumping ability, Kim led by less than a point after Wednesday’s short program. On Thursday, she skated a poised and flowing tango routine and finished with 144.19 points in the long program.

盡管在周三的比賽中充分展現(xiàn)了優(yōu)雅、成熟、沉著的風(fēng)范，及高飄的跳躍能力，金妍兒卻僅以不到1分的優(yōu)勢在短節(jié)目比賽中拔得頭籌。到了周四，她滑出了優(yōu)雅流暢的探戈表演，最終在長節(jié)目中獲得了144.19分。

Still, her routine was not the most athletically challenging. Sotnikova scored higher on the technical merit of her program. For instance, Kim did not attempt a triple loop or a double axel, triple toe loop combination, as Sotnikova did.

不過，她的這套動作不足以在運(yùn)動難度上傲視群芳。索特尼科娃在長節(jié)目中獲得了更高的技術(shù)內(nèi)容分。舉例而言，金妍兒沒有嘗試索特尼科娃成功演繹的后外結(jié)環(huán)三周跳，以及阿克塞爾兩周跳接后外點(diǎn)冰三周跳的組合。

Also, Kim did not receive the highest level for her step sequence or her layback spin. She took the silver medal with 219.11 collective points.

而且，金妍兒也沒能在連續(xù)步和躬身旋轉(zhuǎn)中達(dá)到最高水準(zhǔn)。她最終以219.11的總得分摘得銀牌。

“It was totally fair,” said Elvis Stojko, a two-time Olympic silver medalist from Canada. “Adelina was ready. Kim didn’t have enough technical ammunition.”

“非常公平，”加拿大的雙料奧運(yùn)銀牌得主埃爾維斯·斯托伊科(Elvis Stojko)說。“阿德利娜準(zhǔn)備充分。金妍兒的技術(shù)武器庫里沒有足夠的彈藥。”

Sotnikova’s skating appears tailor made for the current scoring system, a kind of scavenger hunt for accumulated points that, some experts have complained, favors mathematics at the expense of artistry.

索特尼科娃的表演似乎是為目前的打分系統(tǒng)度身定制的。該系統(tǒng)需要集齊各項動作的分?jǐn)?shù)，引得一些專家抱怨她太偏重數(shù)學(xué)計算，卻犧牲了藝術(shù)性。

The former 6.0 system was replaced after a vote-trading scandal by judges discredited the pairs and ice dancing competitions at the 2002 Winter Games in Salt Lake City.

過去的打分系統(tǒng)以6.0為滿分。不過，2002年鹽湖城冬奧會的雙人滑和冰舞的比賽因一樁互惠打分丑聞而蒙羞，因此這一評分方式后來被替換。

In the current scoring system, each jump and spin and footwork sequence is assigned a numerical value, like a cholesterol count. Artistic marks such as performance, choreography and musical interpretation are also given a numerical value in an attempt to make the sport more objective.

按照當(dāng)前的打分系統(tǒng)，每種跳躍、旋轉(zhuǎn)和連續(xù)步都會有相應(yīng)的分值，就像膽固醇指數(shù)一樣。為了讓這項運(yùn)動變得更為客觀，表演、編排和音樂詮釋等藝術(shù)表現(xiàn)也都有相應(yīng)的分值。

The difference in Thursday’s long program was more than 5.5 points — about 4 points in the base numerical value of Sotnikova’s technical elements and about 2 points in the quality of how they were performed.

周四的長節(jié)目比賽中，冠亞軍之間的差距逾5.5分——大約4分來自于索特尼科娃的技術(shù)內(nèi)容，2分左右來自這些內(nèi)容的完成質(zhì)量。

Sotnikova has been known to falter in the long program, unable to control her emotions, but she was assured at the Olympics. While Sotnikova’s skating is not as aesthetically pleasing as Kim’s, her athletic style “checks off every box” and “does everything the judges are looking for,” said Scott Hamilton, the 1984 Olympic champion.

一直以來，索特尼科娃都有著在長節(jié)目中失手的名聲，不能控制自己的情緒。不過，在本次奧運(yùn)會上，她充滿自信。雖然索特尼科娃滑行的美感不及金妍兒，但1984年的奧運(yùn)冠軍斯科特·漢密爾頓(Scott Hamilton)表示，她在技術(shù)上“完成了所有任務(wù)”，“做足了裁判希望看到的每個動作”。

“I have to look at it and respect it,” Hamilton said of Thursday’s result.

談到周四的賽果時，漢密爾頓說，“我必須得看到這一點(diǎn)，尊重這一點(diǎn)。”

Not everyone agreed. Ashley Wagner of the United States, who finished seventh, criticized the judging system, in which scores were given anonymously, saying she was left “speechless” by the outcome.

并非每個人都同意這種看法。最終名列第七的美國選手阿什莉·瓦格納(Ashley Wagner)對匿名打分的評判系統(tǒng)予以了批評，表示這一賽果讓自己“說不出話來”。

A number of international skaters, coaches and officials have said the anonymity of the judges undermines the sport’s transparency and credibility. Judges, who are appointed by their national skating federations, lack independence. Scandal is commonplace, as are apparent conflicts of interest.

多名國際選手、教練和官員表示，匿名打分會損害花滑運(yùn)動的透明性和可信度。裁判由所在國家的滑聯(lián)指定，缺乏獨(dú)立性?；ɑ绯舐勵l發(fā)，還常常顯露出利益沖突。

One of the judges in the women’s competition, Yuri Balkov of Ukraine, was at the center of an ice dancing scandal at the 1998 Winter Games in Nagano, Japan, when he was reportedly recorded by a Canadian judge trying to predetermine the outcome.

女子比賽的裁判之一是烏克蘭的尤里·巴爾科夫(Yuri Balkov)。他本人曾卷入1998年日本長野冬奧會的冰舞丑聞，據(jù)報被一名加拿大裁判錄下了企圖事先操縱賽果的內(nèi)容。

Another judge, Alla Shekhovtsova of Russia, is the wife of Valentin Piseev, who was formerly the president of the Russian figure skating federation and is now its general director.

另一名裁判是俄羅斯的阿拉·舍克霍夫索娃(Alla Shekhovtsova)。她的丈夫曾擔(dān)任俄羅斯滑聯(lián)的主席，目前是該組織的總干事。

No referee or judge involved in Thursday’s decision was immediately made available to explain the outcome.

參與周四評分的裁判或評委中，無法立即聯(lián)系到任何人來對賽果進(jìn)行解釋。

“It’s confusing, and we need to make it clear for people,” Wagner said. “I’m speechless. This sport needs to be held accountable if it wants more people to believe in it.”

“這讓人相當(dāng)困惑，我們應(yīng)該讓大家明白是怎么回事，”瓦格納表示。“我說不出話來。如果這項運(yùn)動想要更多人有信心的話，就需要作出解釋。”

Dick Button, a two-time Olympic champion, said in a telephone interview that it was “flagrant hypocrisy” to have a judge like Balkov still judging figure skating.

曾兩奪奧運(yùn)冠軍的迪克·巴頓(Dick Button)通過電話接受采訪時說，讓巴爾科夫這樣的人繼續(xù)擔(dān)任花滑裁判實(shí)在是“虛偽至極”。

The basic problem with the judging system, Button said, is that “anyone can cheat. All the time. These kids work until they’re blue in the face, and you think they would be given an honest and straightforward response.”

巴頓說，評分體系最基本的問題就是，“每個人都能作弊。情況一直如此。這些孩子一直訓(xùn)練到臉色發(fā)青，你會覺得他們理應(yīng)得到誠實(shí)而坦率的回應(yīng)。”

Carolina Kostner, 27, of Italy overcame collapses at the past two Olympics to win the bronze medal. She skated joyously on Thursday after falling three times in the long program at the 2010 Vancouver Games and finishing 16th after completing only one triple jump.

27歲的意大利選手卡羅琳娜·科斯特納(Carolina Kostner)克服上兩屆奧運(yùn)會中的失敗陰影，獲得銅牌。在2010年溫哥華冬奧會的長節(jié)目比賽中，她跌倒了三次，在只完成一個三周跳的情況下，位列第16名。然而在周四的比賽中，她滑得相當(dāng)歡快。

Kim, who was the last competitor of the night, did not see the others perform. She was attempting to join only Sonja Henie of Norway (1928, 1932, 1936) and Katarina Witt of the former East Germany (1984, 1988) as successive women’s champions.

金妍兒是當(dāng)晚壓軸出場的參賽選手，她沒有觀看其他人的比賽。她原本嘗試加入挪威的索尼婭·海尼(Sonja Henie，1928、1932與1936年)和前東德的卡特琳娜·維特(Katarina Witt，1984與1988年)的行列，成為第三位蟬聯(lián)冬奧會冠軍的女子花滑運(yùn)動員。

“The scores are given by the judges,” said Kim, who repeated that this would be her final Olympics. “I’m not in the right position to comment on it. There is nothing that will change with my words. The most important thing was to participate in these Games.”

“分?jǐn)?shù)是裁判給的，”金妍兒說。她多次表示這將是自己最后一次參加奧運(yùn)會。“這不是我應(yīng)該評論的事情。我的話也改變不了什么。最重要的是參與比賽。”

Kim did admit, though, that she was less driven to win a second gold medal than she had been to win her first, saying she had “no obvious goal.”

然而，金妍兒的確承認(rèn)，自己此次奪冠的欲望并不像第一次時那樣強(qiáng)烈，她說自己“沒有明確的目標(biāo)”。

At the Vancouver Games, Kim said: “I would die for a gold medal in the Olympics. That desire, that strong wish, was not as present. The motivation was a problem, I think.”

金妍兒表示，在溫哥華冬奧會上，“為了在奧運(yùn)會上獲得金牌，我寧愿付出生命。那種渴望，那種強(qiáng)烈的愿望與現(xiàn)在不同。我認(rèn)為，動機(jī)就是問題的關(guān)鍵。”

On Thursday, Sotnikova’s only obvious mistake, a minor one, was a two-footed landing at the end of a combination.

周四，索特尼科娃只出現(xiàn)了一次明顯的小失誤，即在一個組合動作結(jié)束時雙足落冰。

When she finished her four-minute routine, she put her hands to her face in realization that she might win the gold medal. “I realized I would be on the podium, but I didn’t know which medal,” Sotnikova said. When her score appeared on the scoreboard, she said, “I really didn’t believe my eyes, frankly speaking.”

在完成4分鐘的整套節(jié)目后，她雙手掩面，意識到自己可能會獲得金牌。“我意識到自己能登上領(lǐng)獎臺，但我不知道會是什么顏色的獎牌，”索特尼科娃說。當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)出現(xiàn)在計分板上時，她表示，“老實(shí)說，我真不敢相信自己的眼睛。”

Sotnikova’s victory confirmed Russia’s re-emergence in international figure skating after it failed to win a single gold medal for the first time in five decades at the 2010 Vancouver Games. It is now the only country to have won every discipline in Olympic figure skating — the team event, pairs, men’s and women’s singles, and ice dancing.

索特尼科娃的勝利表明，俄羅斯又重新回到了國際花樣滑冰舞臺的中心。在2010年的溫哥華冬奧會上，俄羅斯50年來首次未能獲得花滑項目的任何金牌。而現(xiàn)在，俄羅斯是唯一在奧運(yùn)會花樣滑冰比賽的每個項目上——集體、雙人、男單、女單和冰舞——都曾奪魁的國家。

Even though she is a four-time Russian champion, having won her first national title at age 12, Sotnikova had been overshadowed lately by a teammate, Yulia Lipnitskaya, 15, whose unexpectedly quick ascent brought her the European championship last month.

雖然索特尼科娃曾四次獲得俄羅斯全國冠軍，12歲時就首次在國家比賽中脫穎而出，但她最近被15歲的隊友尤利婭·利普尼茨卡婭(Yulia Lipnitskaya)奪去了光芒。利普尼茨卡婭出人意料的迅速崛起使她在上個月成為了歐洲冠軍。

Lipnitskaya performed the short and long program of the women’s portion of the Olympic team event. She became an international sensation with her flexibility and wondrous spins as Russia won the gold medal, while Sotnikova kept training out of the glare of publicity.

此次奧運(yùn)會的團(tuán)體賽中，俄羅斯隊女單項目的短節(jié)目和長節(jié)目都由利普尼茨卡婭負(fù)責(zé)。她以極佳的靈活性和驚人的旋轉(zhuǎn)動作幫俄羅斯奪得了花樣滑冰團(tuán)體賽金牌，并在世界上引起了轟動。此時，索特尼科娃卻在默默地繼續(xù)訓(xùn)練。

“I got really angry,” Sotnikova said of being omitted from the team event. “I decided I will get a medal in the individual event. I did it.”

“我非常生氣，”索特尼科娃在提到未入選團(tuán)體賽時說。“我下定決心要在單人比賽中拿到獎牌。我做到了。”

On Wednesday, in the traditional women’s short program, Lipnitskaya fell on a triple flip and crashed into fifth place. She fell again in the long program and remained fifth over all.

周三，在傳統(tǒng)的女子短節(jié)目中，利普尼茨卡婭表演后內(nèi)點(diǎn)冰三周跳時摔倒，結(jié)果位列第五。她在長節(jié)目中再次跌倒，最終的名次仍然保持在第五。

Sotnikova buzzed around the ice during the short program with strength and energy in a performance to “Carmen.” She received a higher technical score than Kim and found herself in second place by less than a point.

在短節(jié)目中，索特尼科娃伴隨著《卡門》翩翩起舞。她的表演充滿了力量與活力，得到的技術(shù)分比金妍兒高，短節(jié)目后以不到1分的差距位列第二。

The gold medal came 13 years after Sotnikova began skating in Moscow at age 4. In 2008, she became Russia’s national champion. That a 12-year-old would be the best female skater in Russia was a sign that the country was still struggling athletically after the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991.

索特尼科娃從4歲開始在莫斯科學(xué)習(xí)滑冰，13年后終于獲得了這塊金牌。2008年，她成為俄羅斯的全國冠軍。一名12歲的女孩成為俄羅斯最佳單人滑運(yùn)動員的情況表明，自從1991年蘇聯(lián)解體后，俄羅斯仍然在運(yùn)動方面苦苦掙扎。

Rinks closed, government funding dried up, many coaches left the country and many parents did not have the disposable income to pay for skating lessons.

滑冰場關(guān)了門，政府幾乎沒有任何資金投入，許多教練都離開了俄羅斯。很多家長也沒有足夠的可支配收入，來供孩子學(xué)習(xí)滑冰。

Qualifying for the Olympics became her dream. “My second dream was to win the Olympics, and I did,” Sotnikova said.

能夠參加奧運(yùn)會成了索特尼科娃的夢想。她說，“我的第二個夢想就是在奧運(yùn)會中奪冠，我做到了。”