1.非限制性定語從句不可用that引導,在非限制性定語從句中用who(作主語)/whom(作賓語)指人,用which(作主語/賓語)指物,用whose作定語(指人/物)。2.關(guān)系代詞在非限制性定語從句中作賓語時不可省略,若指人時,只用whom,不用who。3.非限制性定語從句不可用why引導,需用forwhich替代why。
一、非限制性定語從句不能用that引導。如:
1. I like the book, which was bought yesterday.我喜歡這本書,這是昨買的。
2. I like the book which/that was bought yesterday.我喜歡昨天買的那本書。
二、非限制性定語從句不能用why引導。要用for which代替why.如:
1. I had told them the reason, for which I didn’t attend the meeting.
我把理由告訴了他們,為此我不用去開會。
2. I had told them the reason why/for which I didn’t attend the meeting.
我告訴了他們我不去開會的理由。(限制性定語從句“the reason why…”是常見搭配。)
三、非限制性定語從句置于主句前時,不能用which引導;關(guān)系代詞as引導非限制性定語從句位置比較靈活,可以放主句前,也可以放主句后。如:
1. As I expected, he didn’t believe me.正如我所預料的,他不相信我。
2. She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth.
她聽到一個可怕的聲音,這讓她把心都提到嗓子眼了。
四、非限制性定語從句由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導時,其中的關(guān)系代詞不能用as,如:
1. He bought the car for more than $20000, with which his father was angry.
他花2萬多美元買了這輛車,他父親對此很生氣。
2. I finished my work ahead of time, after which I sat some time reading the newspaper.
我提前完成了我的活,隨后我坐著看了一會兒報紙。
五、非限制性定語從句中指人的關(guān)系代詞作賓語時,只能用賓格whom, 不能用who替換,也不能省略。如:
1. Do you know Tom, whom we talked about? 你認識湯姆嗎?我們談到過他。
2. This book, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you all the information you need.
這本書會給你提供所有你需要的資料,它在任何一家書店都能買到。(非限制性定語從句中引導詞在從句中作賓語,無論指人,指事物都不能省略)
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