VOA慢速英語(yǔ):Let's Get Down to Brass Tacks!

Now, the VOA Special English program WORDS AND THEIR STORIES.

現(xiàn)在是美國(guó)之音慢速英語(yǔ)詞匯掌故節(jié)目。

Our expression today is "getting down to brass tacks." It means to get serious about something, to get to the bottom of the situation. For example, a man may say, " I want to work for you. But how much will you pay me?" He is getting down to brass tacks. Or a woman may ask, "You say you love me. Will you marry me?" She, too, is getting down to brass tacks.

今天我們要談到的表達(dá)是“getting down to brass tacks(直切正題)”。它的意思是直接切入事物的重點(diǎn)。例如，一個(gè)男人可能會(huì)說(shuō)，“我想為你工作，但你能給我開(kāi)多少薪水?”他直接切入了正題?；蛘咭粋€(gè)女人可能會(huì)問(wèn)，“你說(shuō)愛(ài)我，那你會(huì)娶我嗎?”她也直接切入了正題。

How did this expression get started? There are several ideas.

這種表達(dá)是怎么開(kāi)始的呢?對(duì)此有幾種不同觀點(diǎn)。

At one time most women made their own clothes, buying the cloth in small stores. The material was kept in large rolls. And the storekeeper cut off as much as a woman wanted. Brass tacks along his work table helped him measure the exact amount.

曾經(jīng)有段時(shí)間，大部分女人都在小店里買布料自己做衣服。布料都卷成一大捆，店老板剪下女人們想要的布料長(zhǎng)度。沿著工作臺(tái)上的一溜銅釘可以幫助店主測(cè)量布料的準(zhǔn)確長(zhǎng)度。

Sometimes a busy storekeeper might try to guess how much material to cut off. But this would not be correct. He could get an exact measure only by laying the material down along the brass tacks.

有時(shí)，忙碌的店主會(huì)嘗試估計(jì)要剪下的布料長(zhǎng)度。但這個(gè)估計(jì)的長(zhǎng)度可能不太準(zhǔn)確，他只能通過(guò)銅釘測(cè)量才能得到一個(gè)準(zhǔn)確長(zhǎng)度。

One word expert, however, has another theory. He believes the expression came from seamen who cleaned the bottoms of boats. Strong heavy devices called bolts held the ship’s bottom together. These bolts were made of copper. The seaman had to clean the ship down to the copper bolts. American speech soon changed the words copper bolts into brass tacks.

然而一名詞匯專家有另一種理論。他認(rèn)為這個(gè)表達(dá)來(lái)自清洗船底的水手。堅(jiān)固的螺釘把船底連接到一起，這種螺釘用銅制成。水手清洗船時(shí)，必須一直清洗到螺釘位置為止。美國(guó)方言隨后把copper bolts這個(gè)詞變成了brass tacks。

Another idea is that the expression began when furniture was made by hand. Brass tacks were used around the bottom part of the chair. The brass tacks, showed that the chair was built to be strong. When something went wrong with the chair, someone quickly examined the bottom to discover the trouble. In other words, someone got down to the brass tacks.

另一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)是，這個(gè)表達(dá)開(kāi)始于手工打造家居的年代。黃銅釘用于椅子底部周圍部分。黃銅釘表明椅子造得很堅(jiān)固。當(dāng)椅子出問(wèn)題時(shí)，有人會(huì)很快檢查椅子底部查找問(wèn)題。換句話說(shuō)，有人直切重點(diǎn)。

No one is sure where the expression first was used, but everyone is sure what it means today.

沒(méi)人知道這種表達(dá)什么時(shí)候第一次開(kāi)始使用，但大家都知道它在今天代表什么意思。

It is used by people who dislike empty words. They seek quick, direct answers. They want to get to the bottom of a situation. There are others, however, who have no such desire. They feel there is some risk in trying to get down to brass tacks.

它常用于不喜歡說(shuō)空話的人。這類人追求快速直接的答案。他們想直切主題。然而還有一類人沒(méi)有這種意愿，他們認(rèn)為直切主題存在一定風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

This happened in the case of a critic who made the mistake of reading a play written by a close friend. The critic disliked the play a lot. He felt his friend should not be writing plays. But he said nothing. This silence troubled the writer. He demanded that his friend the critic say something about the play. The writer finally heard the critic’s opinion. And this getting down to brass tacks ended a long friendship.

這種情況發(fā)生在一位評(píng)論家身上，他在閱讀一位近友寫的劇本時(shí)犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。這位評(píng)論家一點(diǎn)也不喜歡這個(gè)劇本，他認(rèn)為他的朋友不該寫劇本，但他什么也沒(méi)說(shuō)。這種沉默讓這位寫劇本的作家朋友很是困擾，他非讓評(píng)論家就劇本說(shuō)些什么。這個(gè)作家最終聽(tīng)到了評(píng)論家的觀點(diǎn)。而這種直切正題的觀點(diǎn)也讓這段長(zhǎng)久的友誼畫上了一個(gè)句號(hào)。