VOA慢速英語(yǔ):Study: Pregnant Women Not Gaining Access to Malaria Prevention

From VOA Learning English, this is the Health Report.

這里是美國(guó)之音慢速英語(yǔ)健康報(bào)道。

Malaria kills about 200,000 newborn babies and 10,000 new mothers every year. Most of these death are in Africa. Malaria can also cause mothers to lose their babies before they are born, or cause a baby to be born early. These are low cost ways to prevent malaria infection. But a new study find that many pregnant women do not receive this intervention.

瘧疾每年造成20萬(wàn)名新生兒和1萬(wàn)名新媽媽死亡，其中大部分死亡案例在非洲。瘧疾還會(huì)導(dǎo)致胎兒死亡或者早產(chǎn)?，F(xiàn)在有低費(fèi)用的辦法可以防止瘧疾感染。但一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，許多孕婦未接受到這些干預(yù)措施。

For example, for the past 20 years, the World Health Organization (WHO) has advised pregnant women in areas with high rates of malaria to sleep on the bed nets treated with insecticide.

例如，在過(guò)去20年，世界衛(wèi)生組織建議瘧疾高發(fā)區(qū)域的孕婦睡覺(jué)時(shí)使用經(jīng)過(guò)殺蟲(chóng)劑處理的蚊帳。

The WHO also advised them to get what is known as intermittent preventive treatment, or IPT. This treatment involves take in a low cost anti-malaria drug at certain times in the pregnancy in an effort to prevent the disease. The WHO recommends that pregnant women receive the medicine usually around 4 times during visits to a clinic.

世界衛(wèi)生組織還建議他們接受所謂的間歇性預(yù)防治療。這種治療包括在特定時(shí)間服用低費(fèi)用的抗瘧疾藥物，以防止瘧疾感染。世界衛(wèi)生組織建議孕婦一般每去一次診所服用4次藥物。

Many pregnant women and new mothers go to medical clinics in sub-saharan Africa. Yet researchers say only about 21 percent receive intermittent preventive treatment during their pregnancy, and less than 40 percent are given protective bed nets.

撒哈拉以南非洲的許多孕婦和新媽媽都去醫(yī)療診所。然而研究人員表示，只有21%的人在懷孕期間接受了間歇性預(yù)防治療，低于40%的人得到防護(hù)蚊帳。

Jenny Hill from the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine is program manager for a research partnership called the Malaria and Pregnancy Consortium.

來(lái)自利物浦熱帶醫(yī)學(xué)院的珍妮·希爾(Jenny Hill)是瘧疾和妊娠聯(lián)盟的項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理。

Miss Hill says a review of 98 studies found a number of barriers to malaria prevention, these included unclear policy and guidance from government ministers and health care officials. Other problems include drug shortages, a lack of clean water, and confusion about how to administer IPT.

希爾女士表示，對(duì)98項(xiàng)研究審核后發(fā)現(xiàn)了瘧疾預(yù)防的一些障礙，其中包括來(lái)自政府部長(zhǎng)和衛(wèi)生保健官員們的政策和指導(dǎo)不清晰。其它問(wèn)題還包括藥物短缺、缺乏清潔水以及如何進(jìn)行間歇性預(yù)防治療方面的混亂。

"They were unclear on when to give it whether it could be given to women on an empty stomach, whether it should be given under observation in clinics, and so on and so forth."

她說(shuō)，“何時(shí)服用，是否可以讓女性空腹服用，服用時(shí)是否應(yīng)該在診所進(jìn)行觀察等都未明確。”

Miss Hill says free intermittent preventive treatment is the policy in 37 countries across the region. But the researchers found that antenatal clinic or ANCs may charge fees, that can keep some preganat women from returning.

希爾女士表示，該地區(qū)37個(gè)國(guó)家都有免費(fèi)的間歇性預(yù)防治療。但研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，胎前檢查所可能會(huì)收取費(fèi)用，這使得一些孕婦不會(huì)再來(lái)。

Miss Hill says countries can reduce the number of deaths and early births due to malaria by following the WHO policy on intermittent preventive treatment. She says governments should also provide more money in their budgets for anti-malaria drug, so there are no shortages. Also they should publicize the importance of malaria prevention among women at highest risk for the disease.

希爾女士表示，各國(guó)可以通過(guò)遵循世界衛(wèi)生組織在間歇性預(yù)防治療方面的政策，降低瘧疾導(dǎo)致的死亡和早產(chǎn)人數(shù)。她表示，各國(guó)政府還應(yīng)該在抗瘧疾藥物上提供更多財(cái)政預(yù)算這樣藥物就不會(huì)短缺。他們還應(yīng)該在瘧疾高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)婦女當(dāng)中宣傳瘧疾預(yù)防的重要性。

The journal PLoS Medicine published the analysis of maternal and infant malaria prevention measures.

美國(guó)科學(xué)公共圖書(shū)館(PLoS)期刊發(fā)表了母嬰瘧疾預(yù)防措施的分析結(jié)果。