VOA慢速英語(yǔ):Overweight Children in Developing Countries

From VOA Learning English, this is the Health Report.

這里是美國(guó)之音慢速英語(yǔ)健康報(bào)道。

The World Health Organization (WHO) says there has been a sharp increase in the number of children in developing countries who weight to much. In Africa countries, the WHO says the number of overweight or obese children is two times as high as it was 20 years ago.

世界衛(wèi)生組織表示，發(fā)展中國(guó)家超重兒童數(shù)量急劇增加。在非洲國(guó)家，超重或肥胖兒童數(shù)量是20年前的兩倍。

Around the world, about 43 million children under the age of five were overweight in 2011. Doctors use height, weight and age to measure whether a person is underweight, normal, overweight or obese.

2011年，全球約430萬5歲以下兒童超重。醫(yī)生使用身高、體重和年齡來衡量一個(gè)人是體重不足、正常，還是超重或肥胖。

Overweight & obese children are more likely to become overweight & obese adults. The condition can lead to serious health problems like diabetes, heart disease and stroke.

超重及肥胖兒童更容易成為超重及肥胖成年人。這種狀況可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重的健康問題，如糖尿病，心臟病和中風(fēng)。

Francesco Branca is the director of the WHO Department of Nutrition for Health and Development. He says people are eating manufactured or processed food more often, he says it often has a high sugar, fat and salt content.

弗朗切斯科·布蘭卡(Francesco Branca)是世衛(wèi)組織營(yíng)養(yǎng)促進(jìn)健康與發(fā)展司司長(zhǎng)。他表示，人們更頻繁地食用加工食品，這些食品通常含有很高的糖、脂肪和鹽含量。

The WHO also says people are gaining weight because of city lifestyles. They travel in cars or other vehicles more than on foot, and they are less physical activity in general.

世衛(wèi)組織還表示，人們因?yàn)槌鞘猩罘绞蕉w重增加。他們更多地乘坐汽車和其它交通工具，而不是步行。同時(shí)他們一般都很少體育鍛煉。

The WHO says it is common to find poor nutrition and obesity in the same country, the same community and even in the same family.

世衛(wèi)組織說，在同一個(gè)國(guó)家、同一個(gè)社區(qū)甚至同一個(gè)家庭發(fā)現(xiàn)營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良和肥胖非常常見。

And experts say lowering obesity rates is especially complex in countries that also deal with higher rate of infectious disease.

同時(shí)專家表示，降低肥胖率對(duì)那些傳染病比率也很高的國(guó)家來說特別復(fù)雜。

The WHO has some basic solutions for individuals and countries. The organization says to lower your in-take of fat, sugar, salt and processed food. It says eat more fruit and vegetables, and increase physical activity. The WHO says these actions are especially important for children.

世衛(wèi)組織為個(gè)人和國(guó)家提供了一些基本解決方案。該組織稱，為了降低脂肪、糖、鹽和加工食品的攝入量，人們要多吃水果和蔬菜，并加強(qiáng)體育鍛煉。

And WHO experts say mothers should breastfeed their babies for at least the first six months of life if possible.

同時(shí)世衛(wèi)組織專家表示，如果有可能，媽媽們應(yīng)該至少在最初的六個(gè)月用母乳喂養(yǎng)自己的孩子。

WHO official Francesco Branca says government should concern providing vitamin for children. He says educational campaigns about problems linked to obesity would also help. And he says government policies should deal with how food is marketed to children.

世衛(wèi)組織官員布蘭卡表示，政府應(yīng)當(dāng)重視為兒童提供維生素。他說，和肥胖問題相關(guān)的教育活動(dòng)也會(huì)有幫助。他還表示，政府的政策應(yīng)該處理食品如何被銷售給兒童。

Mr Branca says food manufactures must balance quality and taste with the dangers of sugar, fat and salt. He also said reducing the number of overweight children will not be easy. He says the goal is difficult to meet even in wealthy countries.

布蘭卡先生表示，食品生產(chǎn)應(yīng)該平衡質(zhì)量、口味以及糖、脂肪和鹽等危險(xiǎn)性。他還表示，減少超重兒童數(shù)量將不太容易，即使是在富裕國(guó)家也難以達(dá)成這一目標(biāo)。

The currently goal of the WHO's World Health Assembly is to prevent an increase in the percentage of overweight children during the next twelve years.

世衛(wèi)組織世界衛(wèi)生大會(huì)當(dāng)前的目標(biāo)是防止未來12年超重兒童比例增加。