VOA慢速英語:In the Garden: Growing Roses

在花園中如何種植玫瑰？

This is the VOA Special English Agriculture Report.
這里是美國之音慢速英語農(nóng)業(yè)報道。

Most kinds of rose plants are native to Asia. But roses also grow in other parts of the world including northwest Africa, Europe and the United States.
玫瑰的多數(shù)品種原產(chǎn)于亞洲，但它也生長在包括非洲西北部、歐洲和美國在內(nèi)的其他地區(qū)。

In nineteen eighty-six, Congress and President Ronald Reagan declared the rose as America's "national floral emblem." They proclaimed it the national flower, in other words. But whatever the name, the choice of the rose did not smell very sweet to supporters of other popular flowers.
1986年，美國國會和總統(tǒng)羅納德·里根（Ronald Reagan）宣布玫瑰為美國“國家花卉象征”。換句話說，他們宣布玫瑰為國花。但不管名稱是什么，選擇玫瑰作為國花對其它花卉的支持者來說不是一個甜蜜的決定。

Some say roses are difficult to grow. But you have a better chance of success if you start with a few suggestions from experts.
有人說玫瑰很難種植。但如果你從專家的一些建議開始，種植成功的機會就會更高。

First, choose a place to plant your roses where they can get sunshine for about six hours on bright days.
首先，選擇一個晴天能夠受到大約六小時日照的地方來種植玫瑰。

You can buy roses from a garden center or by mail order. You can buy potted roses, also known as container roses, or bare-root plants. Each kind has its fans.
你可以從園藝中心或通過郵購買到玫瑰。你可以選擇盆栽玫瑰或者裸根玫瑰。它們都有各自的粉絲群。

Some gardeners say potted roses are easier to plant. They say the roots develop better if you start with potted roses. But others point out that bare-root roses come without soil, so they weigh less to transport and that can save money.
有些園丁說盆栽玫瑰更容易種植。他們表示盆栽玫瑰根系長得更好。但其他人指出，裸根玫瑰不帶土壤，運輸時重量更輕，可以省錢。

The University of Illinois Extension advises getting bare-root roses as close to planting time as you can. If they arrive before you are ready to plant them, make sure the packing material is moist. Keep the plants in a cool, dark place.
伊利諾伊大學推廣部門建議購買裸根玫瑰的時間要盡可能接近你種植的時間。如果在你準備種植之前就收到裸根玫瑰，務必確保包裝材料濕潤，并保存在陰涼不見光的地方。

You plant the roses while they are dormant. The resting plants have no leaves but still need water.
你應當在玫瑰休眠期間種植它們。休眠狀態(tài)的植物沒有葉子，但仍然需要水分。

When growing roses, the soil should feel moist deep down. Watering should be done in the morning. You can avoid problems like black spot and mildew that way.
當種植玫瑰時，土壤應該澆透。澆水應該在上午進行，這樣可以防止黑點與霉斑等問題。

Be careful not to water roses too much. Too much water can cause unhealthy discoloration on the leaves. After heavy rains or too much watering, try temporarily pulling away mulch from around the roots. Doing that will help dry the soil.
務必注意水不要澆得太多。水分太多會導致葉片出現(xiàn)不健康斑點。大雨或澆水過多后，他建議將根部周圍的護根物暫時移走，這將有助于土壤變干。

Placing mulch around rose plants is normally a good idea. Mulch suppresses weeds and holds moisture in the soil. You can use mulch made from bark, pine needles, cottonseed or oak leaves.
在玫瑰周圍覆蓋護根物是個好辦法。護根物可以抑制雜草生長，保持土壤水分。你可以使用由樹皮，松針，棉籽或橡樹葉制成的護根物。

If the soil is very dry, you can add peat or compost to help condition it. If aphids, thrips or other insects invade your rose bushes, you may be able to force them off with just a strong spray of water.
如果土壤很干，你可以添加泥炭土或堆肥幫助其改善。如果蚜蟲，薊馬或其他昆蟲侵入玫瑰花叢，你可以使用高壓水霧趕走它們。