VOA慢速英語(yǔ)：臉書(shū)網(wǎng)點(diǎn)贊會(huì)泄露很多個(gè)人信息

Facebook Likes Can Tell a Lot About You

臉書(shū)網(wǎng)點(diǎn)贊會(huì)泄露很多個(gè)人信息

Facebook "likes" can tell a lot about a person.

臉書(shū)網(wǎng)的“贊”可以講出一個(gè)人的很多信息。

In a 2013 study, researchers showed they could use Facebook "likes" to correctly predict personal information, including a user's sexual identity and ethnicity.

在2013年的一項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員展示了他們可以利用臉書(shū)網(wǎng)的“贊”來(lái)正確預(yù)測(cè)個(gè)人信息，包括用戶的性別和種族。

The researchers could also predict a person's age, intelligence, and opinions about religion and politics. They could identify whether someone is happy or used addictive substances. They could even predict whether an individual's parents would stay together until the person turned 21 years old.

研究人員還可以預(yù)測(cè)一個(gè)人的年齡、智商以及宗教和政治觀點(diǎn)。它們可以確定某人是否快樂(lè)或是使用成癮物質(zhì)，甚至可以預(yù)測(cè)某人是否會(huì)與父母同住至21歲。

The study was based on information from 58,000 volunteers who provided "likes" to Facebook, the American social media company. The findings were published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

該研究是基于在美國(guó)社交媒體公司臉書(shū)網(wǎng)上點(diǎn)贊的5.8萬(wàn)名志愿者的信息。研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在美國(guó)國(guó)家科學(xué)院院刊上。

The researchers used computer programs to look for hard-to-establish patterns, such as a link between a love for curly fries and higher intelligence.

研究人員使用計(jì)算機(jī)程序?qū)ふ译y以查明的模式，例如喜歡扭計(jì)薯?xiàng)l和高智商之間的聯(lián)系。

The 2013 study found that Facebook users who rated high on Openness often liked Hello Kitty brand products. They also were more likely to be of African-American ancestry and support Democratic Party values.

2013年的這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，對(duì)開(kāi)放性評(píng)價(jià)很高的臉書(shū)網(wǎng)用戶通常喜歡Hello Kitty品牌的產(chǎn)品。他們更可能是非洲裔美國(guó)人血統(tǒng)，并支持民主黨的價(jià)值觀。

Many businesses urge people to log on to their websites with Facebook or other social media accounts. This, in turn, provides companies with a complete picture of the user's birthday, list of friends, schools attended and other personal information.

許多企業(yè)推薦人們使用臉書(shū)網(wǎng)或其它社交媒體賬戶登陸自己的網(wǎng)站。這反過(guò)來(lái)又向各個(gè)公司提供了用戶的生日、好友列表、就讀學(xué)校和其他個(gè)人信息等全貌。

Marketers often use Facebook "likes" and other digital records to sell products and improve services.

營(yíng)銷(xiāo)人員通常利用臉書(shū)網(wǎng)的“贊”和其它數(shù)字記錄來(lái)銷(xiāo)售產(chǎn)品和改進(jìn)服務(wù)。

The researchers warned about the possible misuse of digital records and personal information. They said marketers can collect information about large numbers of people without asking for their approval and without them noticing. They said companies, governmental agencies, or even one's Facebook friends could gather data that an individual may not have wanted to share.

研究人員警告了濫用數(shù)字記錄和個(gè)人信息的可能性。他們表示，營(yíng)銷(xiāo)人員可以收集大量人員的信息而無(wú)需征求他們的批準(zhǔn)，也不會(huì)讓他們得知。他們表示，公司、政府機(jī)構(gòu)甚至是臉書(shū)網(wǎng)好友都可能收集個(gè)人不愿分享的數(shù)據(jù)。

Cambridge Analytica use of Facebook

劍橋分析公司濫用臉書(shū)網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)

Last week, Facebook reported that a private company called Cambridge Analytica did just that with data from its social media website.

臉書(shū)網(wǎng)上周報(bào)告稱，一家名為劍橋分析公司的私營(yíng)公司就利用臉書(shū)網(wǎng)的數(shù)據(jù)這么做了。

Facebook said Cambridge Analytica collected private information, including Facebook "likes," from more than 50 million Facebook users. It said the company got the information from 270,000 people who downloaded a software program described as a personality test. Those individuals agreed to share personal information for a study.

臉書(shū)網(wǎng)稱，劍橋分析公司收集了超過(guò)5千萬(wàn)臉書(shū)網(wǎng)用戶的私人信息，其中就包括臉書(shū)網(wǎng)的贊。臉書(shū)網(wǎng)表示，這家公司從27萬(wàn)名下載了一款個(gè)性測(cè)試軟件程序的用戶那里得到了這些信息。這些人同意分享個(gè)人信息進(jìn)行研究。

A researcher also took the information of all their Facebook friends, a move that was permitted under Facebook's rules until 2015. The researcher then sold the information to Cambridge Analytica, which used the data during the 2016 election campaign in the United States. The company worked for then candidate Donald Trump. However, a Trump campaign official said the campaign used Republican data sources, not Cambridge Analytica, for voter information.

一位研究人員也收集了他們所有好友的信息，此舉符合2015年前臉書(shū)網(wǎng)的規(guī)定。研究人員之后將這些信息出售給了劍橋分析公司。該公司在2016年美國(guó)大選期間使用了這些數(shù)據(jù)。該公司為當(dāng)時(shí)的總統(tǒng)候選人川普效力。然而，川普的競(jìng)選官員表示，競(jìng)選采用的選民信息來(lái)自于共和黨的數(shù)據(jù)源，而不是劍橋分析公司。

Facebook suspended Cambridge Analytica for violating its rule. And it was considering legal action against the company.

臉書(shū)網(wǎng)因違反規(guī)定暫停了劍橋分析公司的服務(wù)，并正考慮對(duì)該公司發(fā)起訴訟。

Those measures might not be enough to satisfy U.S. and British officials.

這些措施可能無(wú)法滿足美國(guó)和英國(guó)官員的要求。

Britain's Information Commissioner Elizabeth Denham said she is seeking permission to search Cambridge Analytica's London headquarters. She wanted to see whether Facebook did enough to protect users' personal information about themselves and their friends.

英國(guó)信息專(zhuān)員伊麗莎白·德納姆(Elizabeth Denham)表示，她正在尋求搜查劍橋分析公司倫敦總部的授權(quán)。他想要看看臉書(shū)網(wǎng)是否做出足夠努力來(lái)保護(hù)用戶本人及其好友的個(gè)人信息。

Several U.S. lawmakers want Facebook chief Mark Zuckerberg to speak to Congress about the use of its users' information.

一些美國(guó)議員想要臉書(shū)網(wǎng)首席執(zhí)行官馬克·扎克伯格(Facebook chief)到國(guó)會(huì)就其用戶信息的使用接受質(zhì)詢。