被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)區(qū)別于主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是及物動(dòng)詞且之后絕大多數(shù)不能夠再接賓語(yǔ),只有極少數(shù)可以接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞,像consider, give, call, name等就可以,比如像:She was considered a genius in painting.
小編提醒:在托??荚嚨母腻e(cuò)題中,如果在被動(dòng)句里面,動(dòng)詞(除了上面提到的接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞)的被動(dòng)式后面出現(xiàn)賓語(yǔ),那么在這里絕對(duì)是有錯(cuò)誤的,可將其改為主動(dòng)句,但是同樣的,在主動(dòng)句里面,如果及物動(dòng)詞后面沒有賓語(yǔ),此處肯定也是錯(cuò)誤的,可以將其改為被動(dòng)句。
其實(shí)大家可以將by視為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的標(biāo)志詞,在by之后的名詞短語(yǔ)是句子中動(dòng)作的施動(dòng)者,因此在題目中如果見到by+名詞的結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)候,最優(yōu)先考慮的就是被動(dòng)式,比如像:The book was written by Mark Twain.
小編提醒:在by的后面如果接的是動(dòng)名詞,那么其表示為方式、手段就不能將其視為被動(dòng)式的標(biāo)志了,并且此時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)該用主動(dòng)式,如:He passed the exam by cheating.而對(duì)于know來(lái)講,一般都是用be known to,而不用be know by。有點(diǎn)迷糊?沒事,我們照例來(lái)例題解析:
例:The seating of musicians in an orchestra is arranged --- to produce The desired blend of contributor from The various himself to sections.
(A) the conductor of
(B) from the conductor
(C) the conductor and
(D) by the conductor
解析:在題目中,如果不要空白處的話,句子也是很完整的,我們可以清楚的看到空格后的不定式短語(yǔ)表目的,那么可能填入的是arrange的施動(dòng)者,自然此處應(yīng)該用by來(lái)引導(dǎo),A選項(xiàng)中of不能接不定式,C選項(xiàng)不能在被動(dòng)式后面接賓語(yǔ),所以選D。
大家都知道被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞be加上過去分詞構(gòu)成,因此它也會(huì)有不同的時(shí)態(tài),其時(shí)態(tài)主要通過助動(dòng)詞be來(lái)表現(xiàn),在其中,對(duì)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的表示方法大家要留意啊。比如像:The potatoes are being peeled in The machine.當(dāng)然還有其他的時(shí)態(tài),像:
The table has just been cleaned.(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))
His passport had been changed without His notice.(過去完成時(shí))
The press conference will be held in three weeks.(一般將來(lái)時(shí))
這個(gè)我們方便大家理解,就直接上例題解析:
例:Experiment in the photography of moving objects --in both the United States and Europe well before 1900.
(A) have had been conducting
(B) were conducting
(C) had been conducted
(D) being conducted
解析:在這個(gè)句子中缺少謂語(yǔ),conduct是及物動(dòng)詞,因此后面如果沒有賓語(yǔ)的話,基于此,A和B首先接被排除了,D的分詞是不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)的,所以選C。
瘋狂英語(yǔ) 英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法 新概念英語(yǔ) 走遍美國(guó) 四級(jí)聽力 英語(yǔ)音標(biāo) 英語(yǔ)入門 發(fā)音 美語(yǔ) 四級(jí) 新東方 七年級(jí) 賴世雄 zero是什么意思佛山市都市領(lǐng)地軒英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)交流群