托福閱讀送分題型詞匯題得分秘訣
詞匯量少的寶寶可看好了哦!
最易忽視的線索1：與詞匯搭配的介詞。
任何詞性的單詞與介詞搭配，詞義都由介詞的詞義定。舉個簡單的例子：seek for/search for/hunt for/look for，都由for 來搭配，雖然四個動詞從詞義上來說有區(qū)別，但都是表示找尋什么，也是因為介詞for的作用。For有表“目標”的意思。
TPO1-2
24. But neither the human imitative instinct nor a penchant for fantasy by itself leads to an autonomous theater.
The word “penchant” in the passage is closet in meaning to
A. Compromise B. Inclination C. Tradition D. Respect
解析：介詞for可以用來表示“去向，趨勢”。比如：I’ll leave for Chicago tomorrow.四個選項里面B具有明顯的趨向性，所以答案為B。
DELTA EXERCISE
When hoisted up in the sky, the microscopic particles act as multiple surfaces on which the moisture in clouds can condense as tiny droplets.
The word “hoisted”in the passage is close in meaning to
A. Lifted B.Grouped C. Returned D. Pointed
解析：介詞up可以用來表示“在……上面”,所以答案為A。
TPO1-3
37. This is because the gaps among the original grains are often not totally plugged with cementing chemicals; also, parts of the original grains may become dissolved by percolating ground water…
The word “plugged”in the passage is closet in meaning to
A. washed B. dragged C. filled up D. Soaked through
解析：介詞with可以用來表示“在一起、用、有”。plugged 所在句子句意大致為：原本的顆粒之間的縫隙并沒有完全被粘性的化學物質所XX。鑒于有with，可以猜測是因為粘性的化學物質把縫隙連起來了，C選項的filledup表示填充，正好符合，所以答案為C。
DELTA EXERCISE
One of the rose’s most common associations in folklore is with death. The Romans oftendecked the tombs of the dead with roses;
The word “decked” in the passage is closet in meaning to
A. Painted B. Separated C. Decorated D. Disguised
解析：decked和介詞with這里搭配，with就表示“用和伴隨”。那么通過句意可以猜到是用玫瑰花裝飾死者的墳墓，所以答案為C。
TPO2-3
37. At the same time, the image that the spectator looked at expanded from the minuscule peepshow dimensions of 1 or 2 inches (in height) to the life-size proportions of 6 or 9 feet.
The word expanded in the passage is closet in meaning to
A. Was enlarged B. Was improved
C. Was varied D. Was rejected
解析：expanded和介詞from…to在這里搭配，而from…to本來就表示變化。from后面是1or 2 inches (in height)1或2英寸高，to后面是life-size…6 or 9 feet真實大小，6或9英尺。那么“從小變大”，答案為A。
線索2：邏輯關系-轉折or 同義重申。所以答案應該在與原文句子里的單詞有近義詞或反義詞當中尋找。是不是太簡單粗暴了?是的，我們就是這樣的。
所有的邏輯關系我們都可以簡化為轉折和同義重申。有轉折詞的即為轉折，無轉折詞的即為同義重申(同樣的范疇和語氣通過不同的方式再說一次)。
詞與詞之間：
TPO1-2
15. In seeking to describe the origins of theater, one must rely primarily on speculation, since there is little concrete evidence on which to draw. The most widely accepted theory,championed by anthropologists in the late nine teenth and early twentieth century, envisions theater as emerging out of myth and ritual.
The word “championed”in the passage is closet in meaning to
A. Changed B. Debated C. Created D. Supported
解析：The most widely accepted theory,championed by anthropologists……中，championed其實是和accepted是并列的關系，都是用來修飾theory的。那么accepted這個詞是個常規(guī)詞匯，意思為接受，那么championed也就是相近的意思，那么答案為D，接受的，支持的。
句子內部：
TPO 2-1
3. There is little doubt, however,that desertification in most areas results primarily from human activities rather than natural processes. The semiarid lands bordering the deserts exist in a delicate ecological balance and are limited in their potential to adjust to increased environmental pressures.
The word delicate in the passage isclosest in meaning to
A. fragile B. predictable C. complex D. valuable
解析：exist in a delicate ecological balance and are limited in their potential to adjust to increased environmental pressures中，delicate是用來修飾ecological balance的，后面緊跟著有個“and”，因此其語氣應該和后面的limited in the potential 一致。Limited是個常規(guī)詞匯，意為有限的，語氣為負面的，那么作為并列delicate也應該是負面的語氣，用來修飾生態(tài)平衡，那么答案為A，脆弱的生態(tài)平衡。
TPO2-2
16. Although limited to askull, the Pakicetus fossil provides precious details on the origins of cetaceans.
The word precious in the passage is closet in meaning to
A. Exact B. Scarce C. Valuable D. Initial
解析：precious所在的句子的主句與其從句因為although呈現(xiàn)出轉折的邏輯關系，所以precious的語氣和詞義應該與limited相反。limited為有限的，語氣為負面，所以precious的語氣應為正面的積極的，答案為C，意為有價值的。
7. Since the raising of most crops necessitates the prior removal of the natural vegetation, crop failures leave extensive tracts of land devoid of a plant cover and susceptible to wind and water erosion.
The phrase devoid of in the passage is closet in meaning to
A. Consisting of B. Hidden by C. Except for D. Lacking in
解析：devoid所在的主句與從句因為since邏輯關系為因果，被我們劃為同義重申。那么從句句意為因為絕大多數(shù)的莊稼的培植必須事先移除土地的自然植被，所以主句說一旦莊稼種植失敗，就留下了大面積的土地devoid植物的覆蓋，當然是沒有植物的覆蓋了，所以答案為D。當然還可以根據(jù)主句內部的and判斷出與and后面的句意的邏輯關系為并列，后面說susceptible to wind and the water erosion容易受到風和水的腐蝕，可以判斷出前文應該是沒有植物的覆蓋，答案為D。但是susceptible to這個詞匯很多同學都不認識，所以還是前一種方法對于此題更可行。
句與句之間：
DELTA EXERCISE
Cool has with stood the fleeting nature of most slang. As a modifier, as a noun,and as a verb,cool has been around along time.
The word “fleeting”in the passage is closet in meaning to
A. Temporary B. Youthful C. Emotional D. Popular
解析：fleeting這句和后一句的邏輯關系為同義重申，因為后一句開頭沒有轉折。后一句講到cool已經(jīng)存在很長的時間了，所以講的是時間的范疇，那么選項應該也是時間的。A和B都有點和時間有關聯(lián)。但是因為第一句有with stood詞義為禁得住，第一句的句意為絕大多數(shù)俚語有著一個特質即為fleeting，而cool卻經(jīng)受住了這樣的考驗。加上后句講存在了很長的時間，結合起來也就是說cool經(jīng)受住了俚語隨時間快速消逝的考驗，所以答案為A，短暫的。簡而言之，別的俚語都很快就消逝了，而cool卻流傳下來。
TPO3-3
38. Ecologists are especially interested to know what factors contribute to the resilience of communities because climax communities all over the world are being severely damaged or destroyed by human activities. The destruction caused by the volcanic explosion of Mount St Helens, in the north-western United States, for example, pales in comparison to the destruction caused by humans.
The word pales in the passage is closet in meaning to
A. Increases proportionally B.Differs
C. Loses significance D. Is common
解析：pales所在的句子一開頭并沒有轉折詞匯出現(xiàn)，所以與前一句的邏輯關系為同義重申，因此重點在于讀懂前一句的句意。前一句為：生態(tài)學家特別想知道是哪些因素導致了群落的復蘇，因為全世界的頂級群落都正在被人類的活動所嚴重破壞。請寶寶們注意嚴重這個詞。pales所在的句子緊接著就舉例了，結果舉了個大自然活動的破壞的例子，并把大自然活動的破壞和人類互動的破壞放在一起比較，根據(jù)同義重申的邏輯關系，應該是人類活動的破壞性很嚴重，那么正話反說，大自然活動的破壞性就沒有人類活動的破壞性強。所以答案為C，沒那么嚴重。
以上就是小編為你帶來的托福閱讀送分題型詞匯題得分秘訣，希望對大家有所幫助。
