托福口語：讓自己變得有深度

　　托福(課程)口語考試中，拉低考生分?jǐn)?shù)的除了口齒不清、表達(dá)不暢等表層原因，還有一個(gè)深層原因：大部分考生主題表達(dá)過于膚淺可笑，話不對(duì)題的現(xiàn)象時(shí)有發(fā)生。

　　比如在談?wù)撨@個(gè)話題：Describe a job that you would like to do in the future.的時(shí)候，一個(gè)學(xué)生說：I think good job is no job but have much money.我們暫且不去評(píng)論這個(gè)學(xué)生的語法問題，但從學(xué)生想要表達(dá)的內(nèi)容上來看，一個(gè)好的工作就是不做事就有錢拿，這樣的觀點(diǎn)，可能很難得到考官的贊同吧。真正的好的內(nèi)容應(yīng)該是積極向上的，有自己獨(dú)到見解的。所以這樣的回答所能得到的分?jǐn)?shù)就可想而知了。而這樣存在邏輯問題的表達(dá)也會(huì)進(jìn)一步造成考生的表達(dá)不清的問題。那么我們?cè)谕懈？谡Z考試中如何避免這樣“話不對(duì)題”“思維混亂”的表達(dá)呢?

　　首先要有足夠的ideas。

　　我們就以工作這個(gè)話題為例，什么樣的工作才算是好工作哪?有人喜歡工作well-paid，secure，有人則更看重challenging，exciting，認(rèn)為那樣的工作才worthwhile， rewarding。有沒有free time，公司是否提供較好的pension benefit，medical benefit，working condition，和colleague是否相處融洽也都是很多人在擇業(yè)前考慮的因素?？梢粋€(gè)工作也總有不讓人滿意的地方，如果工作太demanding，職員會(huì)感到它stressful。又或者這個(gè)工作boring，dangerous，要不就是工人們必須在difficult environment中工作，都會(huì)造成負(fù)面的情緒。

　　比如，我們?cè)谡務(wù)摴ぷ鞯臅r(shí)候可以說：Money is good, but I want a job which is also rewarding in other ways. It shouldn’t be boring like some other jobs, and there should be always something unexpected. Thus I’ll feel I am doing something worthwhile.

　　其次，加深對(duì)個(gè)別話題的了解。就工作這個(gè)話題而論，由于很多考生是尚未走出校園的學(xué)生，對(duì)工作不甚了解，就是由于這種不了解，所以無法很好的回答考官的問題，而偏偏對(duì)于學(xué)生后期的發(fā)展打算又是托?？谡Z考題中的一個(gè)組成部分，所以，做好一些背景知識(shí)的補(bǔ)充，先去了解一些相關(guān)的知識(shí)，就顯的尤為的重要了。

　　比如，我們應(yīng)該去了解一些常見的崗位，和不同崗位的職責(zé)。如對(duì)各種崗位職責(zé)的描述：

　　I have to supervise and know about what’s going on in all the different parts of the company. I have to represent the company in all important decisions. (Chief Executive Officer)

　　I am a qualified accountant and a member of the management team. I monitor my company’s financial performance, as well as supervising the budgets for various projects and controlling their costs. (Finance Manager)

　　My job is around the development and training of the managers in the store where I work, and making sure they do their jobs well. Also, I’m responsible for the recruitment of new staff. (Human Resources Manager)

　　I give advice about all sorts of different things connected with food, such as advice on how to market it, developing new recipes; I also write articles about it. (Marketing Consultant)

　　此外，在論述的時(shí)候，建議考生也可以結(jié)合一些時(shí)代的特色。

　　比如在談?wù)摴ぷ鲿r(shí)，我們可以談?wù)摤F(xiàn)代工作的工作節(jié)奏很快，員工們不得不為heavy workload拼命，很容易feel tired， feel fatigued，feel frustrated，feel depressed，每天都必須do paperwork，meet tight deadlines，很少有時(shí)間take a holiday。這些問題都越來越被重視，特別是當(dāng)人們意識(shí)到繁重的工作量還能導(dǎo)致很多的symptom，stress-related illness，比如high blood pressure，ulcer, fatigue，對(duì)于其心情的影響是毋庸置疑的，bad mood，low spirit會(huì)使整個(gè)公司面臨low morale的困擾。可喜的是，很多公司都在著手解決這個(gè)問題，比如提供sports facility, create appealing working environment。而員工自己也要學(xué)會(huì)arrange time，來increase efficiency，而且經(jīng)常做些運(yùn)動(dòng)來relax，這樣可以使自己feel refreshed，keep fit在工作中have good performance。

　　在論述的時(shí)候，我們可以跳出自己個(gè)人而泛泛談?wù)撘环N社會(huì)現(xiàn)象，這樣就可以使我們的回答的立意更高遠(yuǎn)，更有深度。比如在談?wù)摴ぷ鲿r(shí)，我們還可以如是回答：Nowadays the pace of work has increased beyond people’s expectations. They are usually overwhelmed with the heavy workload and feel tired. Overwork will result in stress-related illness, such as high blood pressure and ulcer. Employees will give very poor performance in their work.