聽(tīng)力考點(diǎn)詞是命題者所設(shè)計(jì)最重要的原文與題目中重疊使用的詞語(yǔ)，當(dāng)然這里的重疊包括原詞重現(xiàn)，同義替換反義詞駁斥等現(xiàn)象;根據(jù)表述內(nèi)容，也可以解讀為原詞重現(xiàn)、句式類重現(xiàn)，抽象概念具體表述和推測(cè)表述重現(xiàn)等。在聽(tīng)力過(guò)程中如果考生可以識(shí)別及記錄原文考點(diǎn)詞的表述含義，即可輕松在選項(xiàng)中找到明確答案，反之則題目應(yīng)答無(wú)法完成。
下面就為大家舉例說(shuō)明聽(tīng)力考點(diǎn)詞的重要性，ETS發(fā)布的TOEFL Practice Online(TPO)第23套練習(xí)中，可以看到在Conversation 1中第5題的命題考點(diǎn)與TPO 4中Lecture 4第5題的考點(diǎn)詞設(shè)計(jì)一致，對(duì)比如下:
【TPO 4 Lecture 4 Question 5】
答案選項(xiàng):Even artists do not agree on whether the government should support the arts.
原 文:The arguments both for and against government funding of the arts are as many and as varied as the individual styles of the artists who hold them.
考點(diǎn)詞: funding=support
【TPO 23 Conversation 1 Question 5】
答案選項(xiàng):To assure the man that the event has the support of the French department.
原 文:But the French Department is funding this, on the condition that we do all the legwork.
考點(diǎn)詞: funding=support
fund 一詞的含義是“投資;資助”，同義表達(dá)是“suppor(t支持;扶持)”。假設(shè)考生熟悉這個(gè)同義轉(zhuǎn)述，那么這兩道題就可以輕松得到答案，而這個(gè)詞在托福lecture中也有所提及。
再來(lái)看一個(gè)例子：
Ok. Last time we finished going over some of the fundamental concepts of nanotechnology, the multi-disciplinary science (of manipulating or controlling extremely small units of matter on the scale of molecules or even atoms).
這話中要知道的關(guān)鍵詞是nanotechnology，但大多考生是知道后面的尾詞某種科技的意思，于是lecture里面用另一個(gè)相關(guān)的詞代替關(guān)鍵詞的定義the multi-displinary science又是什么呢?我們知道of后面就是對(duì)于這個(gè)概念的分析：manipulating or controlling extremely small units of matter on the scale of molecules or even atoms (在原子或分子量級(jí)上操控小單位物質(zhì))，因此我們可以從括號(hào)里得知這個(gè)nanotechnology是什么意思，就避免關(guān)鍵詞不知道導(dǎo)致文章出錯(cuò)，另外要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是or和and都表示兩者意思相近所以括號(hào)里的manipulating等于or后面的意思。
