1.不定式的邏輯主語
(1)“ for sb.to do sth.” 句式中for sb.引出邏輯主語。
It is necessary for you to have a talk with him。你有必要和他談一次。(you為邏輯主語)
There was nothing for us to fear.我們無所畏懼。(us為邏輯主語)
I am pleased for you to help me with my English。
很高興你能幫我學(xué)習(xí)英語。(you為邏輯主語)
They found it important for us to collect more money for the project.
我們發(fā)現(xiàn)為工程籌集更多的款項(xiàng)很重要。(us為邏輯主語)
(2)“ of sb.to do sth.” 句式中of sb.引出邏輯主語。
It is foolish of him to do it like that.他那樣做太傻了。(him為邏輯主語)
It’s very nice of you to help me.你來幫助我,真是太好了。(you為邏輯主語)
(3)不定式作定語時(shí)是被定語修飾的先行詞是邏輯主語。
The problem to be discussed is on the piece of paper.
紙上寫了待討論的問題。(the problem為邏輯主語)
The writer to come tomorrow is from Beijing.
明天要來的作者來自北京。(the writer為邏輯主語)
There are still some trees to be planted.仍有一些要種植的樹。(trees為邏輯主語)
She is not always the first to come to school.
第一個(gè)來學(xué)校的并不總是她。(the first為邏輯主語)
They have nothing to eat.他們沒有東西吃。(they為邏輯主語)
(4)雙賓語句式中的間接賓語是邏輯主語。
Please give him the watch to repair.請把表給他修一修。(him為邏輯主語)
Please lend me a book to read.請借我本書讀讀。(me為邏輯主語)
(5)不定式作狀語時(shí)句子主語是邏輯主語。
I stayed there to see what would happen.
我待在那里想看看會發(fā)生什么事。(目的狀語,I為邏輯主語)
He will go to the clinic tomorrow to be examined by the doctor.
他明天去診所讓醫(yī)生檢查一下。(目的狀語,he為邏輯主語)
He lived to be a very old man.他一直活到很老。(結(jié)果狀語,he為邏輯主語)
I trembled to think of it.想到那事我就發(fā)抖。(原因狀語,I為邏輯主語)
(6)不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)復(fù)合賓語中的賓語是邏輯主語。
None of them requires the equipment to be moved.
沒人要求把儀器搬開。(the equipment為邏輯主語)
People don’t allow women to take part in the games.
人們不允許婦女參加這些運(yùn)動。(women為邏輯主語)
I’ll ask them to be quiet.我會讓他們安靜。(them為邏輯主語)
2.動名詞的邏輯主語
I do not mind Bob’s smoking in the room.(Bob’s為邏輯主語)
His being late made me unhappy.(his為邏輯主語)
Would you mind me opening the window? (me為邏輯主語)
I’m strongly against children smoking.(children為邏輯主語)
3.分詞的邏輯主語
(1)分詞作狀語時(shí),邏輯主語是句子的主語。
Feeling tired,I went to bed early.我感到累,很早就睡了。(I為邏輯主語)
Taken in time,the medicine will be quite effective.
及時(shí)吃,這藥會很有效的。(the medicine為邏輯主語)
【辨析】發(fā)現(xiàn)車被盜了,她急忙找來警察幫忙。
【誤】Finding her car stolen,a policeman was asked to help.(邏輯主語不是a policeman)
【正】Finding her car stolen,she hurried to a policeman for help.(邏輯主語是she)
(2)分詞作定語時(shí),邏輯主語是被修飾的名詞或代詞。
The young woman standing over there is our new English teacher.
站在那邊的年輕婦女是我們新的英語老師。(the young woman為邏輯主語)
There was a sleeping child in the room.房間里有一個(gè)睡著了的孩子。(child為邏輯主語)
The book written by him is very popular.他寫的那本書很受歡迎。(the book為邏輯主語)
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