1.及物性短語動詞
(1)“動詞+介詞”是及物性短語動詞。
Mary is quite ill.Please send for the doctor.
瑪麗病得厲害,請派人去請醫(yī)生。
You may depend on their support.你可依靠他們的支持。
I don’t much care for television.我不是很喜歡電視。
(2)“動詞+副詞+介詞” 是及物性短語動詞。
Most citizens do not get caught up in local events.
大多數(shù)人對當?shù)匕l(fā)生的事情不感興趣。
You shouldn’t let him get away with telling lies! 你不應該對他的撒謊不作處罰!
We must work hard to make up for lost time.我們必須努力工作來彌補失去的時間。
(3)“動詞+名詞+介詞” 是及物性短語動詞。
Keep an eye on the baby while I am out.我不在家時請照看一下小孩子。
They had little mercy on their enemy.他們對敵人決不留情。
Finally he caught sight of the young man in the distance.最后他看見了遠處那個年輕人。
She finds it hard to make friends with other children.她感到難以和其他孩子交朋友。
(4)有些“動詞+副詞” 是及物性短語動詞。
In memory of the battle,we set up a museum.
為紀念那次戰(zhàn)役,我們建立了一座博物館。
Don’t let out the dog in this cold weather.在這種寒冷的天氣,不要把狗放出去。
【比較】
①The barrel of gunpowder blew up.火藥桶爆炸了。(不及物)
②The soldiers blew up the bridge.士兵們把橋炸毀了。(及物)
(5)“動詞+賓語+介詞+名詞” 是及物性動詞短語。
bring/put ...to an end 使……結束 bring/put ...under control 使……在掌控下
have ...in mind 思念 keep ...in mind 牢記
keep ...in touch 使保持聯(lián)系 bear ...in mind 牢記
They’ll bring to an end a debate that has lasted thousands of years.
他們即將結束那場已經持續(xù)了幾千年的爭論。
We can’t bring our problems under control.我們不能解決自己的問題。
What I have in mind are sort of questions about the nature.
我想到的是一些關于自然的問題。
Turn off the light when you leave.Keep it in mind.走時關燈。記住這點。
2.不及物短語動詞
(1)部分“動詞+副詞”短語動詞
come on 加油 come along 一起來
move on 繼續(xù)前進 fall behind 落后
grow up 長大 set out 出發(fā)
set off 出發(fā) stay up 熬夜
look back 回頭看 come up 出現(xiàn)
go ahead 前進,進行 go out 出去
(2)“動詞+介詞+名詞” 短語動詞
burst into tears 突然大哭起來 come into being 形成
come into power 執(zhí)政 come into use 開始被運用
come to the point 言歸正傳 come into effect 生效
3.短語動詞的賓語位置
(1)一般情況下,短語動詞中賓語置于該短語之后。
He politely asked for the book.他彬彬有禮地要那本書。
She takes great pride in her work.她對自己的工作感到很自豪。
(2)當賓語是名詞時,既可放在短語動詞后面,也可放在短語動詞中間。
Let’s put off the meeting.我們把會議推遲一下吧。
Let’s put the meeting off.
(3)當賓語是人稱代詞時,只能放在“動詞+副詞”類短語動詞中間。
I’d like to think it over.我倒要仔細考慮一下。
The twins are so alike that I can’t tell them apart.
這對雙胞胎太像了,我無法分出他們來。