[高中]全新語(yǔ)法:介詞短語(yǔ) 一、介詞短語(yǔ)的分類(lèi)

一、介詞短語(yǔ)的分類(lèi)

1.介詞+名詞/代詞

Let’s go for a walk along the river.咱們到江邊散散步。

Britain was allied with the United States many times in history.歷史上英國(guó)曾與美國(guó)多次結(jié)盟。

He’s standing in front of me.他站在我前面。

2.介詞+動(dòng)名詞

In crossing the street he was run over.他在穿馬路時(shí)被汽車(chē)撞倒。

She had no objection to Mary’s marrying him.她不反對(duì)瑪麗與他結(jié)婚。（動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)）

They entered the room without being permitted.未經(jīng)許可他們就進(jìn)來(lái)了。（動(dòng)名詞被動(dòng)形式）

【提示】

（1）介詞后不能直接跟過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)，通常用“being+過(guò)去分詞”。

He went out without being seen by the others.他出去了，沒(méi)有被其他人看見(jiàn)。

（2）過(guò)去分詞用作介詞賓語(yǔ)通常只見(jiàn)于某些固定結(jié)構(gòu)中：

regard ...as 認(rèn)為……是

take sth.for granted 認(rèn)為某事理所當(dāng)然

We can’t regard the matter as settled.我們不能認(rèn)為這事已經(jīng)解決。

I take it for granted you have read the book.我以為你讀過(guò)這本書(shū)。

3.介詞+不定式

（1）介詞+帶to不定式

I had no choice but to wait.除了等，我沒(méi)有別的選擇。

He wanted nothing but to stay there.他只想留在那兒。

（2）介詞+不帶to不定式：

They did nothing but complain.他們老是一個(gè)勁地抱怨。

There is nothing to do but face the feelings of doubt.除了面對(duì)疑慮，我們別無(wú)選擇。

（3）介詞+“連接代詞/副詞+不定式”

He gave me some advice on how to do it.對(duì)于如何做這事他給我提了些建議。

She is thinking of what to do next.她正在考慮下一步干什么。

I have no idea of how to improve my English.我不知道如何提高英語(yǔ)水平。

4.介詞+數(shù)詞

He was among the first to arrive.他是第一批到的。

5.介詞+從句

（1）that從句主要用于except that，in that 句式中。

He has no special fault except that he smokes too much.

他除了抽煙太多之外，沒(méi)有什么特別的毛病。

I’m at a loss in that he’s not arriving.我有點(diǎn)困惑不解，因?yàn)樗粊?lái)了。

（2）介詞只接連接代詞、連接副詞及whether引導(dǎo)的從句。

He was not satisfied with what she said.他對(duì)她說(shuō)的不滿意。

I’m worried about where he is.我擔(dān)心他上哪兒去了。

I have doubts about whether he is the best man for the job.

我懷疑他是否是做這項(xiàng)工作的最佳人選。