高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之助動(dòng)詞（含鞏固練習(xí)）

我們都知道，英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法是英語(yǔ)體系的鋼筋鐵骨，所有的口語(yǔ)及書(shū)面表達(dá)都需要依附英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法而成，其中高考時(shí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法更是貫穿了整張卷面。下面是小編整理的關(guān)于高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之助動(dòng)詞（含鞏固練習(xí)）的資料，內(nèi)容比較適合用來(lái)日常練習(xí)，希望對(duì)你有所幫助!

一.概念:

助動(dòng)詞是幫助主要?jiǎng)釉~構(gòu)成各種時(shí)態(tài),語(yǔ)態(tài),語(yǔ)氣以及否定或疑問(wèn)結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞.助動(dòng)詞分為時(shí)態(tài)助動(dòng)詞和結(jié)構(gòu)助動(dòng)詞兩種.

二.相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講:

1. 助動(dòng)詞be的用法

1) be +現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。例如：

They are having a meeting.　他們正在開(kāi)會(huì)。

English is becoming more and more important. 英語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越重要。

2)　be +

The window was broken by Tom..　窗戶是湯姆打碎的。

English is taught throughout the world.　世界各地都教英語(yǔ)。

3) be +

a. 表示最近、未來(lái)的計(jì)劃或安排。例如：

He is to go to New York next week..　他下周要去紐約。

We are to teach the freshmen.　我們要教新生。

說(shuō)明： 這種用法也可以說(shuō)成是一種將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)法。

b. 表示命令。例如：

You are to explain this.　對(duì)此你要做出解釋。

He is to come to the office this afternoon.　要他今天下午來(lái)辦公室。

c.　征求意見(jiàn)。例如：

How am I to answer him?　我該怎樣答復(fù)他?

Who is to go there?　誰(shuí)該去那兒呢?

d. 表示相約、商定。例如：

We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning.　我們明天早晨7點(diǎn)在校門(mén)口集合。have的用法

1)have +過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成完成時(shí)態(tài)。例如：

He has left for London.　他已去了倫敦。

By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work.　 上月未為止，他們已經(jīng)完成工作的一半。

2)have + been +現(xiàn)在分詞，構(gòu)成完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。例如：

I have been studying English for ten years. 我一直在學(xué)英語(yǔ)，已達(dá)十年之久。

3)have +been +過(guò)去分詞，構(gòu)成完成式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例如：

English has been taught in China for many years. 中國(guó)教英語(yǔ)已經(jīng)多年。助動(dòng)詞do

1)構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。例如：

Do you want to pass the CET?　你想通過(guò)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)測(cè)試嗎?

Did you study German?　你們學(xué)過(guò)德語(yǔ)嗎?

2)do + not

I do not want to be criticized.　 我不想挨批評(píng)。

He doesn't like to study.　 他不想學(xué)習(xí)。

In the past, many students did not know the importance of English.

3)

Don't go there.　不要去那里。 Don't be so absent-minded.　不要這么心不在焉。

do，不用did和does。

4)放在動(dòng)詞原形前，加強(qiáng)該動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣。例如：

Do come to my birthday party.　一定來(lái)參加我的生日宴會(huì)。

I did go there.　我確實(shí)去那兒了。

I do miss you.　我確實(shí)想你。

5)用于倒裝句。例如：

Never did I hear of such a thing.　 我從未聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這樣的事情。

Only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of English. 進(jìn)了大學(xué)以后，我們才認(rèn)識(shí)到英語(yǔ)的重要性。

never, seldom, rarely, little, only, so, well等。

6)用作代動(dòng)詞。例如：

---- Do you like Beijing?　--你喜歡北京嗎?

---- Yes, I do.　--是的，喜歡。(do用作代動(dòng)詞，代替like Beijing.)

He knows how to drive a car, doesn't he? 他知道如何開(kāi)車(chē)，對(duì)吧?shall和will的用法

shall和will作為助動(dòng)詞可以與動(dòng)詞原形一起構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)。例如：

I shall study harder at English.　 我將更加努力地學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。

He will go to Shanghai.　　他要去上海。

shall用于第一人稱，will 只用于第二、第三人稱?，F(xiàn)在，尤其是在口語(yǔ)中，will常用于第一人稱，但shall只用于第一人稱，如用于第二、第三人稱，就失去助動(dòng)詞的意義，已變?yōu)榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞，試比較:

He shall come.　他必須來(lái)。(shall有命令的意味。)

He will come.　他要來(lái)。(will只與動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)。)5.助動(dòng)詞should, would的用法

1)should無(wú)詞義，只是shall的過(guò)去形式，與動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，只用于第一人稱。例如：

I telephoned him yesterday to ask what I should do next week. 我昨天給他打電話，問(wèn)他我下周干什么。

比較："What shall I do next week?" I asked. "我下周干什么?"我問(wèn)道。 可以說(shuō)，shall變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，變成了should。

2) would也無(wú)詞義，是will的過(guò)去形式，與動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，用于第二、第三人稱。例如：

He said he would come.　 他說(shuō)他要來(lái)。"I will go," he said. 他說(shuō)："我要去那兒。"變成間接引語(yǔ)，就成了He said he would come。原來(lái)的will變成would，go變成了come.。

短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞

Turn off the radio.　把收音機(jī)關(guān)上。(turn off是短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞)

1)動(dòng)詞+副詞，如：black out;

2)動(dòng)詞+介詞，如：look into;

3)動(dòng)詞+副詞+介詞，如：look forward to。構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的副詞和介詞都統(tǒng)稱為小品詞

1.If it is fine tomorrow, we ______ a football match.

a. have b. will have c. has d. shall has

2.When he was at school, he ______ early and take a walk before breakfast.

a. will rise b. shall rise b. should rise would rise

3.In the past 30 years China ______ great advances in the socialist revolution and socialist construction.

a. has made b. have made c. had made d. having made

4.I ______ go to bed until I ______ finished my work.

a. don’t/had b. didn’t/have c. didn’t/had d. don’t/have

5.______ you think he ______ back by dinner time?

a. Do/have come b. Did/will have come c. Does/will come d. Do/will have come

6.He said that he dropped his bag when he ______ for the bus.

a. was runing b. was running c. were running d. is running

7.No sooner ______ he arrived home than he ______ to start on another journey.

a. has/was asked b. have/were asked c. had/is asked d. had/was asked

8.“______ you give me a room for the night?” I asked on arriving at the hotel.

a. Should b. Can c. Might d. May

9.There are nine of them, so ______ get into the car at the same time.

a. they may not at all b. all they may not c. they can’t all d. all they can’t

10.“We didn’t see him at the lecture yesterday.” “He ______ it.”

a. mustn’t attend b. cannot have attended

c. would have not attended d. needn’t have attended

11.“You realize that you were driving at 100 mph, don’t you?”

“No, officer. I ______. This car can’t do more than 80.”

a. didn’t need to be b. may not have been c. couldn’t have been d. needn’t have been

12.he was a good runner so he ______ escape from the police.

a. might b. succeeded to c. would d. was able to

13.If they ______, our plan will fall flat.

a. are co-operating b. had not co-operated c. won’t co-operate d. didn’t co-operate

14.I hoped ______ my letter.

a. her to answer b. that she would answer c. that she answers d. her answering

15.He ______ live in the country than in the city.

a. prefers b. likes to c. had better d. would rather

16.______ to see a film with us today?

a. Did you like b. Would you like c. Will you like d. Have you liked

17.I’m sorry, but I had no alternative. I simply ______ what I did.

a. must do b. had to do c. ought to have done d. have to do

18.“Time is running out,______?”

a. hadn’t we better got start b. hadn’t we better get start

c.hadn’t we better get started d. hadn’t we better not started

19.No one ______ that to his face.

a. dares say b. dares saying c. dare say d. dare to say

20.The students in the classroom ______ not to make so much noise.

a. need b. ought c. must d. dare

21.You ______ last week if you were really serious about your work.

a. ought to come b. ought to be coming c. ought have come d. ought to have come

22.The elephants ought ______ hours ago by the keepers.

a. to be fed b. to feed c. to being fed d. to have been fed

23.“I wonder why they’re late.” “They ______ the train.”

a. can have missed b. could miss c. may have missed d. might miss

24.“Tom graduated from college at a very young age.”

“He ______ have been an outstanding student.”

a. must b. could c. should d. might

25.You ______ the examination again since you had already passed it.

a. needn’t have taken b. didn’t need to take c. needn’t take d. mustn’t take

26.He is really incompetent! The letter ______ yesterday.

a. should be finished typing b. must be finished typing

c.must have finished typing c. should have been finished typing

27.The boy told his father that he would rather ______ an astronaut.

a. become b. to become c. becoming d. became

28.When we reached the station, the train had still not arrived; so we ______.

a. needed not to hurry b. needn’t have hurried

c. need not to have hurried d. didn’t need to hurry

29.Since your roommate is visiting her family this weekend,_____ you like to have dinner with us tonight?

a. will b. won’t c. wouldn’t d. do

30.He was afraid what he had done ______ a disastrous effect on his career.

a. might have b. could be c. have been d. shall be