高中英語語法學(xué)習(xí)之不定式的用法

我們都知道，英語語法是英語體系的鋼筋鐵骨，所有的口語及書面表達(dá)都需要依附英語語法而成，其中高考時英語語法更是貫穿了整張卷面。下面是小編整理的關(guān)于高中英語語法學(xué)習(xí)之不定式的用法的資料，內(nèi)容比較適合用來日常練習(xí)，希望對你有所幫助!

 

一、不定式做主語：

1、不定式做主語一般表示具體的某次動作。===動名詞doing 表示習(xí)慣的，經(jīng)常的動作。

e.g: To finish the building in a month is difficult.

To do such things is foolish.

To see is to believe. (對等)

注: 1). 不定式作主語時,謂語用單數(shù)

2). 當(dāng)主語較長，謂語較短時，常用it做形式主語，而將不定式放到謂語的后面。

it做形式主語，不定式放在謂語動詞之后常用于下列結(jié)構(gòu)中：

(1)It is/was +adj.+of sb. to do…

(2) It is +adj.+for sb.+to do…

It is easy / difficult / hard / foolish / unwise / right / wrong / unnecessary

(3) it is +a +名詞+ to do...

It is a pity / a pleasure / a pleasant thing / one’s duty / an honor / a shame / a crime / no easy job… to do

It takes (sb.) some time / courage / patience …to do…

It requires courage / patience / hard work… to do…

*注意: probable 和 possible 均可作表語，但possible可以用不定式作真實主語， 而probable不能用不定式作真實主語。

It is probable for him to come to the meeting.(錯)

It is possible for him to come to the meeting.

It is possible / probable that he will come to the meeting.

二、不定式做表語

主語是以aim duty hope idea intention plan job suggestion wish purpose task 等為中心詞的名詞詞組 或以 what 引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句表示，后面的不定式說明其內(nèi)容, 不定式作表語常表示將來或現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。

eg :My idea is to climb the mountain from the north.

Your mistake was not to write that letter.

What I would suggest is to start work at once.

三 、動詞不定式作賓語

以不定式結(jié)構(gòu)為賓語的動詞有：

ask, agree, care, choose, demand, decide, expect, fail, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish等只能用動詞不定式作賓語

口訣(接不定式作賓語的動詞)

想要學(xué)習(xí) 早打算( want learn plan)

快準(zhǔn)備 有希望( prepare hope wish expect)

同意否 供選擇(agree offer choose)

決定了 已答應(yīng)(decide be determined promise)

盡力去 著手做(manage undertake)

別拒絕 別假裝(refuse pretend)

失敗不是屬于你(fail)

e.g.Tom refused to lend me his pen.

We hope to get there before dark.

The girl decided to do it herself.

*注意:某些及物動詞可用-ing也可用動詞不定式作賓語但意義不同的有

stop go on remember forget

regret try mean can’t help

be used to