全新英語語法·小學(xué)篇:二、There be的否定結(jié)構(gòu)和疑問結(jié)構(gòu)

二、There be的否定結(jié)構(gòu)和疑問結(jié)構(gòu)

（一）There be的否定結(jié)構(gòu)

否定式結(jié)構(gòu)：There be+not+主語+地點狀語。（注：句中如果出現(xiàn)some則改成any）

There isn't a table in the kitchen.廚房里沒有桌子。

There aren't five birds in the tree.樹上沒有五只鳥。

There aren't any bowls in the cupboard.柜子里沒有碗。

There isn't a pair of trousers in the closet.衣柜里一條褲子都沒有。

There isn't much yogurt in the refrigerator.冰箱里沒有很多酸奶。

There isn't any milk in the bottle.瓶子里沒有牛奶。

There is no milk in the bottle.(注:not anyno)

There aren't any birds in the tree.樹上沒有鳥。

There are no birds in the tree.

There isn't anything in the bag.

There is nothing in the bag.

There isn't any one in the classroom.

There is no one in the classroom.

（二）There be的疑問結(jié)構(gòu)

1.一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)：Is/Are there+主語+地點狀語？（注：句中如果出現(xiàn)some則改成any）一般疑問句的肯定回答：Yes，these is/are.否定回答：No，there isn't/aren't.（注：There be句型一般疑問句的回答，be動詞的使用與問句一致）

—Is there a television in your living room？你家客廳里有電視機嗎？

—Yes，there is.是的，有。

—Are there any children on the playground？操場上有孩子嗎？

—No，there aren't.沒有。

—Excuse me，are there any restaurants on Nanjing Road？請問，南京路上有飯店嗎？

—Yes，there are.是的，有。

2.特殊疑問句

There be句型對主語提問結(jié)構(gòu)：What+be+地點狀語？注意：無論原句的主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，對其提問時be動詞一般都用is，回答時卻要根據(jù)實際情況而決定。

There is a book on the table.

What's on the table？（注：What is=What's）

There are some books on the table.

What's on the table？

There is a lot of milk in the bottle.

What's in the bottle？

3.There be句型對數(shù)量提問分兩種：可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞

（1）對可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量的提問：How many+名詞復(fù)數(shù)+are there+地點狀語？

注意：無論原句的主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，對數(shù)量提問時be動詞一般都用are，回答時卻要根據(jù)實際情況而決定。

There is a book on the table.

How many books are there on the table？

There are some books on the table.

How many books are there on the table？

（2）對不可數(shù)名詞量的提問：How much+不可數(shù)名詞+is there+地點狀語？

There is a lot of milk in the bottle.

How much milk is there in the bottle？

Exercises

15.3 Think and write （按要求改寫句子）

1.There is a table in the kitchen.（否定句，一般疑問句，肯定和否定回答）

____________________________________

____________________________________

____________________________________

2.There are some flowers in the garden.（否定句，一般疑問句，肯定和否定回答）

____________________________________

____________________________________

____________________________________

3.There was a red car outside the house.（否定句，一般疑問句，肯定和否定回答）

____________________________________

____________________________________

____________________________________

4.There were two cats in the yard.（否定句，一般疑問句，肯定和否定回答）

____________________________________

____________________________________

____________________________________

15.4 Fill in the blanks （填入there is/there isn't/is there/there are/there aren't/are there）

1.—How many students ____ in your class？—Thirty-eight.

2.—Mum，I'm thirsty.____ any juice in the refrigerator？—Yes.

3.Look！____ a photograph of your sister in the newspaper！

4.____ nowhere to sit down.____ any chairs.

5.—Excuse me，____ a post office near here？—Yes，at the corner of Park Street and River Street.

6.____ seven days in a week.Sunday is the first day of the week.

7.____ any water left.Let's go to the supermarket and buy some.

8.Oxford is an old town.____ many new buildings.

9.—Let's make pizza for lunch.—Sorry，we can't.____ any cheese.

10.—____ any bread in the picnic basket？—Yes，____ three loaves.