2015年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)閱讀輔導(dǎo)講義(二)

　　Whether or not exercise adds to the length of life, it is common experience that a certain amount of regular exercise improves the health and contributes a feeling of well-being. Furthermore, exercise which involves play and recreation, and relieves nervous tension and mental fatigue in so doing, is not only pleasant but beneficial.

　　How much and what kind of exercise one should take merits careful consideration.The growing child and the normal young man and young woman thrill with the exhilaration of strenuous sports. They fatigue to the point of exhaustion but recover promptly with a period of rest. But not so with those _of middle age and beyond. For them moderation is of vital importance. Just how much exercise a person of a given age can safely take is question hard _to answer. Individual variability istoo great to permit of generalization. A game of tennis may be perfectly safe for one person of forty but folly for another. The sage limit for exercise depends on the condition of the heart, the condition of the muscles, the type of exercise, and the regularity with which it is taken. Two general suggestions, however, will serve as sound advice for anyone. The first is that the condition of the heart and general health should be determined periodically by careful, thorough physical examinations. The other is that exercise should be kept below the point of physical exhaustion.

　　What type of exercise one should choose _depens upon one’s physical condition. Young people can safely enjoy vigorous competitive sports, but most older persons do better to limit themselves to less strenuous activities. Walking, swimming, skating are among the sports that one can enjoy and safely participate in throughout life. Regularity is important if one is to get the most enjoyment and benefit out of exercise.

　　不論體育運(yùn)動(dòng)是否能延長(zhǎng)人的壽命，人們普遍認(rèn)為，適量而有規(guī)律的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)可以增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)，并使人愉悅。另外，體育運(yùn)動(dòng)及玩樂(lè)和消遣于一體，可以使人放松緊張情緒，緩解精神疲勞。因此，做運(yùn)動(dòng)一舉兩得：既能放松，有有益于身心健康。

　　一個(gè)人適合做什么樣的體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)度如何?這些問(wèn)題值得人們注意。發(fā)育中的兒童和一般的青年男女都會(huì)因緊張劇烈的運(yùn)動(dòng)而激動(dòng)不已。即使累得筋疲力盡， 他們也能在一段休息之后很快恢復(fù)體力。但是中年及中年以上的人就做不到。對(duì)這些人來(lái)說(shuō)，運(yùn)動(dòng)適度是很重要的。不同年齡的人從事多少運(yùn)動(dòng)是一個(gè)難以回答的問(wèn) 題。個(gè)人的差異太大，無(wú)法一概而論。某種網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動(dòng)可能對(duì)于某個(gè)40歲的人來(lái)說(shuō)是安全的，但對(duì)于另一個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)卻不合適。運(yùn)動(dòng)的安全范圍取決于認(rèn)得心臟狀況、 肌肉狀況、運(yùn)動(dòng)類(lèi)型以及進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)的規(guī)律性。但是下面兩個(gè)一般性建議適合所有人。一個(gè)建議是應(yīng)該定期進(jìn)行細(xì)致的體檢，查看心臟情況和總體體質(zhì)。另一個(gè)建議是 運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)度要適度，不應(yīng)使人筋疲力盡。

　　一個(gè)人選擇哪種類(lèi)型的運(yùn)動(dòng)取決于他的體質(zhì)。年輕人可以放心地參加有力度的競(jìng)技性運(yùn)動(dòng)，但大多數(shù)老年人最好還是把自己的活動(dòng)限制在不太劇烈的程度之內(nèi)。散 步、游泳和滑冰是人們喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)并且各個(gè)年齡段的人都可以參加。任何人想從體育運(yùn)動(dòng)中獲得最大的樂(lè)趣和益處，那么有規(guī)律就很重要了。