SAT寫作素材：成功人士

　　眾所周知，SAT作文喜歡偏向高大上的普世價(jià)值觀，對(duì)成功也是一再強(qiáng)調(diào)主觀能動(dòng)性的作用，但客觀來看，確實(shí)有一些人憑借pure luck而盆滿缽滿成名立萬，大家往往只能想到盤尼西林的發(fā)現(xiàn)是個(gè)意外，其實(shí)這方面素材還有很多，下面就介紹一下：

　　1.糖精發(fā)明者：康斯坦丁法堡和伊拉雷森

　　時(shí)間：1879年

　　事情發(fā)生的經(jīng)過：在研究了一整天的煤礦衍生物之后，法堡離開他約翰霍金大學(xué)的實(shí)驗(yàn)室回家吃晚飯。

　　大發(fā)現(xiàn)：他吃到了某種特別甜的東西(明顯不是晚飯本身)，于是他追溯到了自己手上沾到的某種化學(xué)成分(滬江小編注：糖精，從煤焦油中提取的物質(zhì)。)而且最棒的是，這種糖精完全沒有熱量。

　　結(jié)果：法堡摒棄了伊拉(指導(dǎo)他完成論文的導(dǎo)師)和所在大學(xué)，偷偷申請(qǐng)了糖精的專利……

　　Inventors: Constantin Fahlberg and Ira Remsen

　　Year: 1879

　　WhatHappened: After spending the day studying coal tar derivatives, Fahlberg lefthis Johns Hopkins laboratory and went to dinner。

　　BigDiscovery: Something he ate tasted particularly sweet, which he traced to achemical compound he'd spilled on his hand. Best of all, it turned out to becalorie-free。

　　As a result: He cut Remsen andthe university out of millions of dollars when he secretly patented thebreakthrough discovery, saccharin.

　　2.橡皮泥發(fā)明者：詹姆斯懷特

　　時(shí)間：1943年

　　事情發(fā)生的經(jīng)過：在戰(zhàn)時(shí)，通用的工程師將硅油和硼酸混合、試圖制造出能用于坦克、靴子的橡膠。

　　大發(fā)現(xiàn)：他的嘗試沒有成功，但科學(xué)家們重新設(shè)計(jì)和延伸了這項(xiàng)發(fā)明。

　　結(jié)果：孩子們開始普遍地玩橡皮泥。

　　Inventor: James Wright

　　Year: 1943

　　WhatHappened: During the war years, the General Electric engineer combined siliconeoil and boric acid in an attempt to find a cheap alternative to rubber for tanktreads, boots, etc。

　　BigDiscovery: It didn't work. But the scientists had a blast bouncing andstretching his mistake, when they weren't using it to transfer comics ontopaper。

　　As a result: Kids had a blast playing with the SillyPutty too.

　　3. 口香糖發(fā)明者：湯馬斯亞當(dāng)

　　時(shí)間：1870年

　　事情發(fā)生的經(jīng)過：他在用chicle，一種南美洲的樹液做實(shí)驗(yàn)，以尋找橡膠的替代物。在無數(shù)次失敗后，這個(gè)郁悶的發(fā)明家干脆丟了一塊到嘴里!

　　大發(fā)現(xiàn)：他居然喜歡!

　　結(jié)果：亞當(dāng)紐約一號(hào)成為了世界上第一個(gè)大批量生產(chǎn)的口香糖!

　　Inventor: Thomas Adams

　　Year: 1870

　　What Happened: He was experimenting with chicle, the sap from a South American tree,as a substitute for rubber. After mounting failures, the dejected invent or popped a piece into his mouth。

　　Big Discovery: He liked it!

　　As a result: Adams New York No. 1 became the first mass-produced chewing gum in the world.

　　4.肉毒素發(fā)明者：卡盧瑟夫婦

　　時(shí)間：1987年

　　事情發(fā)生的經(jīng)過：這對(duì)夫妻本來是小劑量地使用這種致命毒素(肉毒桿菌)來治療斗雞眼和其他眼部肌肉疾病的，而他們卻發(fā)現(xiàn)了藥物的一些副作用。

　　大發(fā)現(xiàn)：副作用就是，眼部周圍的皺紋都奇跡般的消失了!

　　結(jié)果：肉毒桿菌被大量運(yùn)用于美容界，雖然注射之后會(huì)導(dǎo)致整張臉僵硬!

　　Inventors: Alastair and Jean Carruthers

　　Year: 1987

　　WhatHappened: The couple were using small doses of a deadly toxin to treat"crossed eyes" eyelid spasms and other eye-muscle disorders when theynoticed an interesting side effect。

　　BigDiscovery: Wrinkles magically disappeared。

　　As a result: The expressionless face became the"it" look, thanks to Botox.

　　5.艾萬可發(fā)明者：Pfizer公司的科學(xué)家們

　　時(shí)間：1992年

　　事情發(fā)生的經(jīng)過：為尋找治療心絞痛的解藥，一個(gè)威爾士小村莊被夷為平地。盡管損失巨大，科學(xué)研究卻沒有取得任何進(jìn)展。

　　大發(fā)現(xiàn)：盡管沒有成功，參與研究的人員卻拒絕放棄他們的藥。

　　結(jié)果：科學(xué)家們把研究轉(zhuǎn)向，終于把名為Viagra(中文名稱艾萬可，不用明說了吧……)投入市場，而目的卻與剛開始大相徑庭。

　　Inventors: Scientists at Pfizer

　　Year: 1992

　　What Happened: A Welsh hamlet was ground zero for a test on a pill to fight angina.Unfortunately for the afflicted, it had little success against the disease。

　　Big Discovery: Though it didn't work, the men taking part in the study refused togive up their medicine。

　　As a result: The scientists switched gears and marketed the drug, Viagra, for a very different purpose.

　　Make good use of them.