Realize British Daily Meals 認(rèn)識(shí)英國(guó)人的三餐
1 認(rèn)識(shí)英國(guó)人的三餐
The writer Somerset Maugham1 observed that one could eat very well in England, simply by having breakfast-three times a day. Although the great English home cooked breakfast a feast of bacon, eggs, sausages, grilled tomatoes, mushrooms, kidneys, kippers, and so on-has given way to a belief that instant coffee and cornflakes must be healthier, it is still available all day and night at motorway service stations.
Roast beef, lamb or pork with vegetables and roast potatoes are still the nation's favorite choice for "a proper meal". Potatoes form an important constituent of the main meal of the day. The average person gets through 100 kilos of them every year. Much of these are in the form of crispy snacks and, of course, chips with fish, burgers, and other fried foods or just on their own with salt and vinegar.
Most people wouldn't consider a meal finished unless they had a pudding-steamed jam roll, apple pie, treacle pudding, strawberry tart. The unwary should take care with "Yorkshire" and "black" puddings. The first is eaten with roast beef, and the second a blood sausage.
In spite of their tastes becoming more sophisticated, the English still treasure the sandwich. They were once content with no more than a cheese and chutney filling, but these days the sandwich can contain anything from smoked salmon and cream cheese to chicken.
As the interest in foreign food has grown, so have the choices. The supremacy of French and Italian fare is now challenged by others-Thai, Chinese, Mexican, Spanish, Russian, and American. There are even restaurants specializing in English food. One highly successful example in London calls itself "School Dinners" .There tired and overwrought businessmen can enjoy such old fashioned fare as bread and butter pudding, all served by well-developed girls wearing school uniforms.
2 英式早午晚餐食物的表達(dá)方式
(1)Breakfast 早餐
Generally speaking the British breakfast is much bigger than in most other countries. Many people like to have a fried breakfast which can consist of fried bacon and eggs with fried bread and possibly fried tomatoes or black pudding. Of course not everybody wants to eat a lot early in the morning and many people prefer to just eat toast and marmalade with tea or coffee. Cereals are also very popular. The most common is cornflakes.
fried bacon 油炸熏肉
fried bread 煎面包
black pudding 黑香腸
toast and marmalade 橘子醬面包
Cereal 麥片
cornflakes 玉米片
(2)Lunch 午餐
If you go to Britain to study English and you stay with a family you will almost certainly be given a "packed lunch" for your midday meal. A packed lunch normally consists of some sandwiches, a packet of crisps, an apple and a can of something to drink, for example, coca-cola. The contents are kept in a plastic container and you take it with you when you go to school or work. The quality of the packed lunch can vary from terrible to very good; it all depends on who makes it.
packed lunch 盒裝午餐
sandwiches 三明治
crisps 薯片或炸土豆片
(3)Dinner 晚餐
Things are changing and most British people eat meals from many different countries for example spaghetti or curry. In fact you could even say that the British don't eat much British food. However the most typical thing to eat for dinner is "meat and two veg". This consists of a piece of meat accompanied by two different boiled vegetables. This is covered with "gravy" which is a sauce made with the juice that was obtained when the meat was cooked. One of the vegetables is almost always potatoes. The British eat a lot of potatoes.
spaghetti 意大利面
curry 咖喱
"meat and two veg" 肉和熟蔬菜
gravy 肉汁/醬汁
傳統(tǒng)的英式早餐有煎培根、香腸和煎土司,這叫做"煎食"。英國(guó)人的午餐很快就能解決,通常午餐只需三到四分鐘。很多英國(guó)人吃三明治,或許因?yàn)槿髦尉褪怯?guó)人發(fā)明的。通常人們?cè)缟显诩易龊萌髦危缓笪绮蜁r(shí)間食用,三明治就相當(dāng)于英國(guó)人的便當(dāng)。晚餐是一天中的主餐,而且通常有兩道菜--肉或魚加蔬菜,之后有甜點(diǎn)也就是布丁。
Part 2 Key words & Sentences 關(guān)鍵詞語全知道
The British people tend to have a big breakfast before they go to work and the meal at midday is not spent with the members of the family but with workmates or schoolmates.
英國(guó)人傾向于在上班前吃一頓豐盛的早餐,午餐不是和家人一起而是和工作伙伴或者同學(xué)一起吃的。
British breakfast is richer than any other country. This breakfast called the fry-up, because many of the food if fried:sausage, bacon, mushroom, tomato.
英式早餐全餐比其他國(guó)家的正餐還要豐富,俗稱煎食,因?yàn)樵S多食物都是煎炸的:香腸、腌肉、蘑菇以及番茄。
Egg is the most important part in British breakfast. Eggs usually have four kinds of cooking methods:fried, scrambled, boiled and poached.
雞蛋是英式早餐最重要的部分,雞蛋通常有四種烹調(diào)方法:煎、炒、煮和燉。
Drinking a blend of black tea for breakfast is indeed a longstanding British custom. The practice of referring to such a blend as "British breakfast tea" appears to have originated not in England but America.
英國(guó)人喝早茶的習(xí)慣事實(shí)上是英國(guó)長(zhǎng)久以來的傳統(tǒng)。但是"英國(guó)早餐茶"這一說法卻不是從英國(guó)而來的,而是從殖民地時(shí)期的美國(guó)而來。
Lunch is normally eaten between 12.30 pm and 1.30pm.
午餐通常在下午十二點(diǎn)半至一點(diǎn)半之間。
Most people finish work at five thirty. It often takes at least an hour to get home from the school or workplace so people tend to eat their evening meal or "dinner" between 6.30pm and 8pm.
大部分人下午五點(diǎn)半下班。他們從學(xué)?;蛘呱习嗟牡胤交丶抑辽傩枰粋€(gè)小時(shí),所以人們一般在晚六點(diǎn)半至八點(diǎn)間食用晚餐。
Sunday lunch is usually the best meal of the week and many of the meals which are considered typically British are eaten for Sunday lunch.
周日的午餐往往是一周最好的一頓,最典型的英式餐點(diǎn)往往出現(xiàn)在周日午餐的餐桌上。
A traditional roast chicken is the favorite of Englishmen-served up frequently in 30 per cent of homes.
傳統(tǒng)烤雞是英國(guó)人的最愛,經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在百分之三十的家庭里。
British food has traditionally been based on beef, lamb, pork, chicken and fish and generally served with potatoes and one other vegetable.
英國(guó)食物傳統(tǒng)上以牛肉、羊肉、豬肉、雞肉以及魚肉為基礎(chǔ),通常配上土豆和其他蔬菜。
Nowadays, a typical English breakfast is more likely to be a bowl of cereals, a slice of toast, orange juice and a cup of coffee.
現(xiàn)在,典型的英式早餐往往是一碗麥片、一片烤面包、橘子汁或者一杯咖啡。
Beef is eaten with hot white horseradish sauce, pork with sweet apple sauce and lamb with green mint sauce.
吃牛肉的時(shí)候,往往加上熱的白辣根沙司,甜蘋果醬豬肉和綠薄荷醬羊肉。
The most popular type of bread in Britain is sliced white bread.
在英國(guó)最受歡迎的面包是切片白面包。
When the British eat bread they always cover it with butter or margarine.
英國(guó)人吃面包的時(shí)候總喜歡加上黃油或者橘子醬。
You will almost certainly go to a fish and chip shop when you visit Britain. It is a shop which cooks fried potatoes called chips.
如果去英國(guó)幾乎肯定你會(huì)去烤魚片和炸薯?xiàng)l店。這種店出售炸土豆片,也叫做薯片。
The chips used to be wrapped in newspaper but now white paper is used.
薯?xiàng)l以前是包裹在報(bào)紙里,現(xiàn)在用白紙裝。
Some of British main dishes have strange names like Bubble & Squeak and Toad-in-the-Hole.
一些英國(guó)的主菜有非常奇怪的名字如:泡沫&吱吱聲和洞里的蛤蟆(菜名直譯為洞中蟾)。
In the UK, where traditionally food has been the enemy which we cook until it is dead, the lunch hour is just that:one hour and increasingly without alcohol.
在英國(guó),傳統(tǒng)的做法就是把食品當(dāng)成敵人打死煮熟了事。午餐通常只要一個(gè)小時(shí),而且烈性酒也漸漸不上席了。
Liu Mei:Good morning, Eric. Have you had your breakfast?
劉梅:早上好,艾瑞克,你吃過早餐了嗎?
Eric:No, I haven't, Liu Mei. Are you going to treat me today?
艾瑞克:還沒有呢,劉梅,你要請(qǐng)我吃飯嗎?
Liu Mei:Treat you? I already have had my breakfast.
劉梅:請(qǐng)你吃飯?我已經(jīng)吃過早餐了。
Eric:Oh, so I misunderstood. Talking to Englishmen, if you ask the question "Have you had your meal", we will think that you are going to treat us.
艾瑞克:哦,我誤會(huì)了。和英國(guó)人聊天,如果你問"你吃飯了沒有"這個(gè)問題,我們往往會(huì)以為你要邀請(qǐng)我們吃飯呢。
Liu Mei:I see. It is quite different from Chinese. We say hello to others by asking "Have you had your meal".
劉梅:原來是這樣。和中國(guó)人很不同呢,我們和人打招呼就是問"吃飯了沒有呢"。
Eric:Yes, we do that by asking about the weather.
艾瑞克:是啊,我們的招呼語是問天氣的。
Liu Mei:So Eric, can you describe an ideal British breakfast for me?
劉梅:艾瑞克,在英國(guó)的完美早餐是怎樣的?
Eric:Well let me think...for me, an ideal breakfast is what we usually call a full English fry-up.
艾瑞克:讓我想想,對(duì)我而言,完美早餐就是通常所說的"煎食"。
Liu Mei:What is that?
劉梅:那是什么?
Eric:Well it refers to fried things, such as fried sausages, bacon or eggs.
艾瑞克:就是煎炸的東西,像煎香腸、咸肉或者是雞蛋。
Liu Mei:So Eric, do you usually eat that in the morning?
劉梅:艾瑞克,這樣的話,你通常早上就吃那些嗎?
Eric:No, I don't. Two reasons, firstly it's quite unhealthy. And secondly I don't have time to cook that every day. So in the morning, I'll probably have a bowl of cereal or maybe two slices of toast.
艾瑞克:不,我不那樣。兩個(gè)原因,首先那樣不健康,二是我沒有時(shí)間每天做早餐。所以早上我就吃一碗麥片,然后烤兩片面包。
Liu Mei:Eric, what are you going to have for your lunch today?
劉梅:那你今天中午準(zhǔn)備吃什么?
Eric:My lunch? Well, I have no idea. Maybe I'll go down to the canteen and have a look at today's options.
艾瑞克:午餐?還沒有想好,可能去員工餐廳看看有什么選擇。