外國人最想和你聊的時(shí)事話題:稱呼的含意
外國人最想和你聊的時(shí)事話題:稱呼的含意
所屬教程:常用英語口語
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2018年10月23日
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What is the meaning of addressing 什么是稱呼的含意
An addressing is a prefix or suffix added to someone's name to signify veneration, an official position or a professional or academic qualification. In some languages, addressing may even be inserted between a first and last name (for example, Graf in German, Cardinal in Catholic usage or clerical titles such as Archbishop). Some titles are hereditary.
Formal social addressing
·Mr-Formal male addressing
·Ms-Formal female addressing
·Mrs-Formal addressing for married females
·Miss-Formal addressing for unmarried females
Addressing for heads of state and other leaders
·Chairman (from which comes Vice Chairman)
·Colonel (from which comes Lieutenant Colonel)
·Pontiff (the addressing held by the pope, pope being the position)
·President (from which comes such addressing as Deputy President, Executive Vice President, Lord President of the Council, and Vice President)
·Regent (The biarchs of San Marino are addressed Captains Regent. From this term also came the historical title Prince Regent.)
Hereditary
·Chief-origin of Chief of Staff, Chieftain, Clan Chief, Hereditary Chief, and War Chief. The present head of Samoa is titled a Paramount Chief.
·Prince/Princess-Addressing often given to the sons and daughters of ruling monarchs. Also an addressing of the upper nobility in the Holy Roman Empire and its subsidiary territories until 1918. The German term for this addressing is Fürst which loosely translates as prince.
·Archduke/Archduchess-An historical addressing of the Habsburg Dynasty that ruled Austria and Hungary until 1918.
·Grand Duke/Grand Duchess. Historical addressing of the Romanov Dynasty that ruled Russia until 1917. Also used in various Germanic territories until World War I.
·Duke/Duchess
·Earl (Count outside the UK)/Countess
·Emir/Emira-Arabic Prince/Princess
·Emperor/Empress
·Baron/Baroness
·Marquess/Marchioness
·King/Queen
·Leader-The head of state of North Korea is addressed Great Leader. The de facto head of state of Iran is addressed Supreme Leader.
·Sultan/Sultana (title)-Arabic for "powerful ruler"
·Maharajah/Maharani
·Viscount/Viscountess
·Pharaoh
選擇稱呼(addressing)要合乎常規(guī),要照顧被稱呼者的個(gè)人習(xí)慣,入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。在工作崗位上,人們彼此之間的稱呼是有其特殊性(particularity)的。要莊重(solemn)、正式(formal)、規(guī)范(regulated)。在國際交往(international communication)中,一般對(duì)男子稱先生(Mister),對(duì)女子稱夫人(Madame)、女士(Ms.)、小姐(Miss)。已婚(married)女子稱夫人,未婚(unmarried)女子統(tǒng)稱小姐。不了解婚姻情況的女子可稱小姐,對(duì)戴結(jié)婚戒指的年紀(jì)稍大的可稱夫人。這些稱呼可冠以姓名、職稱(professional title)、銜稱(title)等。如"布萊克先生"、"議員(senator)先生"、"市長(mayor)先生"、"上校(colonel)先生"、"瑪麗小姐"、"秘書小姐"、"護(hù)士小姐"、"懷特夫人"等。
A doctor has the title "Dr" in front of his name.
醫(yī)生的名字前有"Dr"這個(gè)稱呼。
Sue is a diminutive of Susan.
Sue是Susan的親昵稱呼。
That's a name he may be worthy of.
這個(gè)稱呼他可能當(dāng)之無愧。
The title of Royal Highness is borne by the Duke of Edinburgh.
皇家殿下這個(gè)稱呼是由愛丁堡公爵創(chuàng)造的。
The women's liberation movement adopted the designation as its own.
婦女解放運(yùn)動(dòng)采用了這個(gè)稱呼。
What form of address should one use when writing to a bishop?
給主教寫信應(yīng)該怎樣稱呼?
How should one address a senator?
如何稱呼一位議院的參議員?
How do you address foreigners?
如何稱呼外國人?
We should address to judge as Your Honor.
我們應(yīng)當(dāng)稱呼法官為"閣下(或先生)"。
Yes, could I have your name please?
好的,您怎么稱呼?
How should I address her?
我該怎么稱呼她?
He always addresses me with Sir.
他總是用先生稱呼我。
An Ambassador is addressed as "Your Excellency".
面對(duì)大使需稱呼"大使閣下"。
His ordinary designation is Sir William.
他的一般稱呼是威廉爵士。
Does Beijing have a special nickname?
北京有沒有一個(gè)特別的稱呼?
This appellation pleased him.
這個(gè)稱呼很中他的意。
They always addressed each other by their Christian name.
他們總是以教名互相稱呼。
Part 3 Let's Talk! 開始交流吧!
Ben: Hi, Joy, why do you look so downhearted?
本:嘿,羅伊,怎么看上去無精打采的呀?
Joy: I was blamed by our boss.
羅伊:剛剛被老板責(zé)備了一頓。
Ben: What a pity! What's happening?
本:太可憐了!發(fā)生了什么事情?
Joy: I lost a big client, and make a great loss for our company.
羅伊:我搞丟了一個(gè)大客戶,并為此使得公司損失了很多錢。
Ben: Did you do anything wrong?
本:你做錯(cuò)了什么嗎?
Joy: Just because a wrong addressing.
羅伊:只是因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)稱呼的錯(cuò)誤。
Ben: An addressing? Tell me in detail.
本:一個(gè)稱呼?說具體點(diǎn)。
Joy: A lady was interested in our new development plan and wished to do investment, so our boss asked me to sign a contract with her. I thought she was married when I saw her and called her Mrs. She was very angry and told me that she hadn't got married, and therefore cancel the cooperation.
羅伊:有一個(gè)女士對(duì)我們的開發(fā)計(jì)劃很有興趣并希望投資這一計(jì)劃,老板讓我去和她簽合約。我見到她的時(shí)候以為她已經(jīng)結(jié)婚了,就叫她夫人。結(jié)果她很生氣,說自己還沒有結(jié)婚,并因此取消了和我們的合作。
Ben: Did she seem old?
本:她看上去年紀(jì)很大嗎?
Joy: At least forty years old.
羅伊:至少有四十多歲了。
Ben: Well many aging people don't get married, so it is not enough to make judgment just from their appearances.
本:不過現(xiàn)在很多年紀(jì)比較大的人都沒有結(jié)婚,所以不能僅僅從相貌上判斷稱呼。
Joy: Well what shall I call her?
羅伊:那我應(yīng)該怎么稱呼這樣的人呢?
Ben: As for those women that you're not sure about their marital status, you can just call her Ms.
本:對(duì)于不清楚是否已婚的女人,你只需要稱呼她為女士就可以了。
Joy: I kwon, but how could this addressing mistake lead to such a serious consequence?
羅伊:我知道了,不過僅僅一個(gè)稱呼的錯(cuò)誤怎么會(huì)導(dǎo)致這么嚴(yán)重的后果呢?
Ben: Different countries and individuals bear different attitudes towards addressing. Some people do care about the wrong title.
本:不同的國家,不同的個(gè)體對(duì)于稱呼的看法不同。有些人非常介意被稱呼錯(cuò)。
Joy: It seems that I should learn more about it in the future.
羅伊:看來今后要多了解一些這方面的知識(shí)了。
Ben: That is a fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.
本:就當(dāng)吃一塹長一智了。
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