外國(guó)人最想和你聊的名人話題：歐內(nèi)斯特·海明威

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2018年08月21日

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　About Hemingway　關(guān)于海明威

     Ernest Miller Hemingway was an American author and journalist. His distinctive writing style, characterized by economy and understatement, influenced 20th-century fiction, as did his life of adventure and public image. He produced most of his work between the mid-1920s and the mid-1950s. He won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. Hemingway's fiction was successful because the characters he presented exhibited authenticity that resonated with his audience. Many of his works are classics of American literature. He published seven novels, six short story collections, and two non-fiction works during his lifetime; a further three novels, four collections of short stories, and three non-fiction works were published posthumously.
     Hemingway was born and raised in Oak Park, Illinois. After leaving high school he worked for a few months as a reporter for The Kansas City Star, before leaving for the Italian front to become an ambulance driver during World War I, which became the basis for his novel A Farewell to Arms. He was seriously wounded and returned home within the year. In 1922 Hemingway married Hadley Richardson, the first of his four wives, and the couple moved to Paris, where he worked as a foreign correspondent. During his time there he met and was influenced by modernist writers and artists of the 1920s expatriate community known as the "Lost Generation". His first novel, The Sun Also Rises, was published in 1926.
     After divorcing Hadley Richardson in 1927 Hemingway married Pauline Pfeiffer; they divorced following Hemingway's return from covering the Spanish Civil War, after which he wrote For Whom the Bell Tolls. Martha Gellhorn became his third wife in 1940, but he left her for Mary Welsh after World War II, during which he was present at D-Day and the liberation of Paris.
     Shortly after the publication of The Old Man and the Sea in 1952 Hemingway went on safari to Africa, where he was almost killed in a plane crash that left him in pain or ill-health for much of the rest of his life. Hemingway had permanent residences in Key West, Florida, and Cuba during the 1930s and 1940s, but in 1959 he moved from Cuba to Ketchum, Idaho, where he committed suicide in the summer of 1961.
     對(duì)于海明威的評(píng)價(jià)，正如約翰·肯尼迪總統(tǒng)的唁電所說："幾乎沒有哪個(gè)美國(guó)人比歐內(nèi)斯特·海明威對(duì)美國(guó)人民的感情和態(tài)度產(chǎn)生過更大的影響。"他稱海明威為"20世紀(jì)最偉大的作家之一"，以文學(xué)硬漢著稱。
     海明威的主要著作表現(xiàn)出更簡(jiǎn)明的結(jié)構(gòu)，語氣和人物角色也顯得更具敘事的特征。和這點(diǎn)同樣重要，甚至比這更加重要的是，海明威這種以堅(jiān)持使用簡(jiǎn)短、具體而直接的平鋪直敘的文體和完全由對(duì)話構(gòu)成的場(chǎng)景為主要特點(diǎn)的寫作風(fēng)格，使他的小說和短篇故事具有一種獨(dú)特的、能夠立即被確認(rèn)是作者本人所寫的特征。由于他寫作的風(fēng)格以及他個(gè)人生活的風(fēng)格，人們傾向于把他當(dāng)做一群美國(guó)作家中的代表性人物，這些作家的作品反映了美國(guó)人所特有的一種寓于行動(dòng)中的精神，即勇敢、直率以及堅(jiān)定的獨(dú)立精神。他本人是一個(gè)曾經(jīng)參加一戰(zhàn)的負(fù)過重傷的老兵、一名直接參戰(zhàn)的反法西斯戰(zhàn)士，同時(shí)還是一位熱愛戶外活動(dòng)、有著諸多人生追求的"硬漢"，這樣的背景加深了他和他作品之間的這種聯(lián)系。

     He likes Hemingway better than Faulkner.
     比起?？思{他更喜歡海明威。
     Hemingway is a writer of remarkable genius.
     海明威是才華橫溢的作家。
     Hemingway's works belong to American modernism.
     海明威的作品應(yīng)屬于現(xiàn)代主義。
     Hemingway is her favorite author.
     海明威是她最喜歡的作家。
     In Hemingway's novels there are graphic descriptions of battles.
     在海明威的小說中有生動(dòng)的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)場(chǎng)面的描寫。
     The world was at war in 1918 and young Hemingway wanted a piece of the action.
     1918年時(shí)，戰(zhàn)火彌漫全世界，而青年海明威想要有一番作為。
     Ernest Hemingway is one of the most famous American authors of the 20th century.
     歐內(nèi)斯特·海明威是20世紀(jì)最著名的美國(guó)作家之一。
     Hemingway's prose style was probably the most widely imitated of any in the 20th century.
     在20世紀(jì)的作家當(dāng)中，海明威的文字風(fēng)格可說受到最廣泛的模仿。
     Hemingway, American novelist and short-story writer, was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1954.
     美國(guó)長(zhǎng)篇和短篇小說作家海明威，1954年獲諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。
     Hemingway is another American writer who has striven, at some cost, to preserve the truth of direct experience.
     海明威是另外一個(gè)千辛萬苦竭力想忠實(shí)地描寫親身經(jīng)驗(yàn)的美國(guó)作家。
     He begins with Hemingway's quotation of Lost Generation and then explores other references throughout recent history.
     他從海明威的《迷惘的一代》開始研究從而進(jìn)行近代史的其他參考書的研究。
     There are many definitions and situations Hemingway creatively depicts in the novel, including the fiesta and aficionado.
     海明威在小說中創(chuàng)造性地描述了很多定義和環(huán)境，諸如"斗牛迷"和"狂歡節(jié)"等。
     One of Hemingway's greatest works A Farewell to Arms is mainly about World War I, the first great tragedy of humanity.
     海明威最偉大的作品之一《永別了，武器》主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于第一次世界大戰(zhàn)這個(gè)人類歷史上第一個(gè)大悲劇的。
     A consummately contradictory man, Hemingway achieved a fame surpassed by few, if any, American authors of the 20th century.
     海明威是個(gè)極端矛盾的人物，他的名氣在20世紀(jì)的美國(guó)作家當(dāng)中大概無人能比。
     He had read the Hemingway story The Snows of Kilimanjaro, and in 2002 went to Tanzania to scale the mountain in the title.
     他讀過海明威的小說《乞力馬扎羅的雪》，于是在2002年前往坦桑尼亞攀登小說中所說的山峰。
     But Hemingway prevents readers from accepting that position by taking them through every moment of Santiago's three days and nights at vast sea.
     但是海明威通過描述圣地亞哥在茫茫大海上三天三夜的每一秒鐘阻止讀者去接受僅僅從物質(zhì)的判斷。
     Reaching back to his experience as a young soldier in Italy, Hemingway developed a grim but lyrical novel of great power, fusing love story with war story.
     海明威以自己年輕時(shí)期在意大利服役的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，寫出了一部沉重而又感人至深的小說，將愛情與戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)故事融冶于一爐。
     Hemingway identified himself with hunters and bullfighters.
     海明威把自己比作獵人和斗牛士。
     Hemingway combines austere realism and poetic language to present a powerful argument against war and to tell a touching love story at the same time.
     海明威以嚴(yán)峻的現(xiàn)實(shí)主義結(jié)合富有詩意的語言，對(duì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)作了有力的抨擊，同時(shí)又?jǐn)⑹隽艘粋€(gè)扣人心弦的愛情故事。
     Ernest Hemingway's works focus on human nature.
     歐內(nèi)斯特·海明威的作品關(guān)注人性。

     Mike: Who is your favorite writer?
     麥克：你最喜歡的作家是誰?
     Daisy: I must say Ernest Hemingway.
     黛西：海明威。
     Mike: Which one of his works do you like particularly?
     麥克：你最喜歡他的哪些作品？
     Daisy: A Farewell to Arms.
     黛西：《永別了武器》。
     Mike: I have not read that.
     麥克：我沒看過這個(gè)。
     Daisy: What have you read?
     黛西：你讀過哪些？
     Mike: The Old Man and the Sea.
     麥克：《老人與?！?。
     Daisy: That's really a fantastic book.
     黛西：那的確是本很不錯(cuò)的書。
     Mike: I have it on my bed head, it gives me strength.
     麥克：我把它放在床頭，它能給我?guī)砹α俊?br />      Daisy: Ernest Hemingway's language is very concise and plain.
     黛西：海明威的語言非常簡(jiǎn)潔平實(shí)。
     Mike: Yes, I like this style; I do not like works which have a lot of unnecessarily complicated words.
     麥克：是的，我喜歡這種風(fēng)格，我不喜歡那種故意使用沒必要的復(fù)雜的字眼的作品。
     Daisy: I hate that kind of writing either.
     黛西：我也很討厭那種作品。

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