美語訓(xùn)練班 022

A: 美語訓(xùn)練班上課啦！我是楊琳！

B: 我是Jessica！楊琳,今天我們教什么呢？

A: 是啊，教什么呢？我還沒想好....

B: You're kidding me, aren't you?

A: (好吧，被你看出來了。其實(shí)今天的節(jié)目很精彩──咱們要學(xué)學(xué)在長跑比賽中怎么才能得第一, 聽一個十分倒霉的坐飛機(jī)的故事，了解一下美國公司員工享受的醫(yī)療保險福利, 還要告訴大家怎么用美語說“直覺”和“外行指導(dǎo)外行”。

B: Sounds good! 不過，咱們還是先花一分鐘，學(xué)一個詞。

Learn A Word plummet

今天我們要學(xué)的詞是plummet. Plummet is spelled p-l-u-m-m-e-t, plummet. Plummet, 暴跌，直線下降。Apple's share plummeted after Steve Jobs resigned as CEO of the company. 喬布斯辭去蘋果電腦首席執(zhí)行官一職后，蘋果公司股價暴跌。President Obama's approval ratings plummeted to the lowest point of his presidency with 51% of Americans disapproving of his job performance. 奧巴馬總統(tǒng)的支持率跌至他任期內(nèi)的最低點(diǎn)，現(xiàn)在有51％的美國人不滿意他的工作表現(xiàn)。Tropical Storm Lee brought rain and wind, causing temperatures to plummet. 熱帶風(fēng)暴"李"帶來強(qiáng)風(fēng)暴雨，導(dǎo)致氣溫驟降。好的，今天我們學(xué)習(xí)的詞是plummet, plummet, plummet.

B: 楊林，Did you know that the stock market plummeted again today? What a bummer!

A: Jessica, 你不會是被套牢了吧？

B：我是啊！ Hey! I heard you studied finance in college. Can you give me a few pointers on investment? 推薦幾支好股票吧！

A: 就我？那你可是找錯人了！ 我雖然學(xué)過一些金融課程，可是沒有真正的股市投資經(jīng)驗(yàn)啊。

B: That's too bad.

A: You should hire a professional investment advisor to help you manage your money.

B: I agree. Otherwise it'll be the blind leading the blind.

A: The blind leading the blind? 咱們給聽眾講講這個說法的意思吧！

B: 好！請聽“美國習(xí)慣用語”。

Words and idioms: The blind leading the blind

女：各位聽眾，現(xiàn)在播送<美國習(xí)慣用語>第 942講。我是楊琳。

M：我是 Doug Johnson.

女：前幾天我生病了，從沒下過廚房的女兒很貼心地給我做了一頓飯，我感動得不行，可實(shí)話實(shí)說，那飯菜的味道實(shí)在是不怎么樣。我一問才知道，是老公教女兒做的。怪不得! 我老公的做飯技術(shù)就非常初級，在他的指導(dǎo)下，女兒哪能做出什么美味呢？這個事情讓我想到了一個習(xí)慣用語：

M: The blind leading the blind. Blind is spelled b-l-i-n-d, and leading; l-e-a-d-i-n-g. The blind leading the blind.

女：The blind leading the blind 字面的意思是盲人指引盲人，其實(shí)就是指“外行指導(dǎo)外行”。我老公做飯水平很低，結(jié)果還去教別人. It was the blind leading the blind. 這完全是外行教外行。下面這個句子談到了一位很有自知之明的家長。我們來聽一聽：

M: "When my son's coach called me about substituting for him at this weekend's soccer practice, I had to turn him down. Sure, I had watched him a few times work with the kids. But I didn't know enough about the game to train or teach them the skills they needed. That would have been THE BLIND LEADING THE BLIND!"

這段話是說：[我兒子的足球教練給我打電話，讓我周末替他帶孩子們練球，可我不得不拒絕了他。沒錯，我確實(shí)看過幾次他教孩子們踢球?？晌业淖闱蛸愔R有限，不夠訓(xùn)練或者教孩子的。如果我真成了教練，那可就是盲人導(dǎo)盲了。]

女：這真是個負(fù)責(zé)任的好爸爸。順便說一下，像他這種每個禮拜帶孩子去練足球的爸爸在美國有個特定稱呼，叫soccer Dad, 當(dāng)然，媽媽就是Soccer Mom。這種“足球父母”一般都開著大面包車，把自己的孩子和孩子的朋友同學(xué)一塊兒帶上，接送他們練球。好，我們再來聽聽剛才那段話：

M: "When my son's coach called me about substituting for him at this weekend's soccer practice, I had to turn him down. Sure, I had watched him a few times work with the kids. But I didn't know enough about the game to train or teach them the skills they needed. That would have been THE BLIND LEADING THE BLIND!"

女: 旅行大家都喜歡。為了行程輕松和獲得更多知識，人們通常會找個熟悉當(dāng)?shù)丨h(huán)境的導(dǎo)游來一起旅行。可如果導(dǎo)游不給力，會怎么樣呢？我們來聽一聽：

M: "My friends and I were promised an experienced guide on our trip to Alaska. Instead, we ended up with someone who didn't know the area any more than we did. She even got us lost. It was THE BLIND LEADING THE BLIND. Now we want our money back from the tour company."

這段話是說：[旅行社本來說好要給我和朋友們派個有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的導(dǎo)游，帶著我們在阿拉斯加玩兒。結(jié)果，我們的導(dǎo)游對當(dāng)?shù)厍闆r的了解和我們一樣少。她甚至帶著我們走迷路了。這可真是瞎子給盲人引路。現(xiàn)在，我們要求旅行社退款。]

女: 這樣的導(dǎo)游根本不能讓旅行輕松愉快，反而會成為你的累贅，而且讓你心情變糟。所以現(xiàn)在的游客在出發(fā)前都會去網(wǎng)上找些游記，攻略什么的，自己多儲備一些知識。好，我們再來聽聽剛才那段話：

M: "My friends and I were promised an experienced guide on our trip to Alaska. Instead, we ended up with someone who didn't know the area any more than we did. She even got us lost. It was THE BLIND LEADING THE BLIND. Now we want our money back from the tour company."

女：各位聽眾，今天我們學(xué)習(xí)的習(xí)慣用語是the blind leading the blind，意思是“外行指導(dǎo)外行”。

A: Jessica, 其實(shí)我認(rèn)識一個朋友，他特會炒股。

B: 是么？介紹給我?。?/p>

A: But he's not a real financial advisor, I mean, he doesn't have any credentials. 他就是業(yè)余股民。

B: 也許他是股市天才？

A: 有可能！我問過他選股票時依據(jù)什么數(shù)據(jù)....

B: What did he say?

A: 兩個字──直覺。

B: ??？I don't believe him. 他那是唬你的！

A: 有可能！人家也許就是在打發(fā)我。不過說到“直覺”，今天的“美語怎么說”節(jié)目就教大家用美語說這個詞！

How to say it: hunch

DONNY 在北京學(xué)漢語，他的中國朋友要是遇到了不知道用美語怎么說的詞，就會來請教他。今天是于苗要問的：直覺。

YM: DONNY, 你知道么？我要去參加“價格猜猜猜”節(jié)目啦!

DONNY: “價格猜猜猜”?! I know that show! You guess the price of a product, and if you get it right, you take the product home. Right?

YM: 沒錯！我直覺一向很準(zhǔn)，我去一定會贏! 對了，直覺用美語怎么說?。?/p>

DONNY: You can say hunch. h-u-n-c-h, hunch.

YM: 那"我直覺一向很準(zhǔn)"，就是"My hunch is always right." 對嗎？

DONNY: That's correct. Or you can use the phrase "gut feeling". It also means hunch.

YM: Gut feeling? Gut 腸子，Gut feeling 腸子的感覺，就是直覺嘍!

DONNY: 沒錯! For example, I have a gut feeling that I'm gonna fail my mid-term exam.

YM: Haha, but I have a hunch that you're gonna pass!

DONNY: Then I hope your hunch is right! 對了，于苗，Before you go on the show, we should practice. How much do you think my glasses cost?

YM: 啊？你的眼鏡啊......你冷不妨叫我猜，我還真有些緊張。

DONNY: Don't worry. Take a wild guess!

YM: 什么叫 wild guess? 狂野的猜測？

DONNY: A wild guess means you have little evidence to support your guess.

YM: 哦，take a wild guess 就是隨便瞎猜! 那可不行，瞎猜贏不了比賽! 我的猜測一定要有根據(jù)，靠點(diǎn)譜兒，那又該怎么說呢？

DONNY: That would be an educated guess. “Educated” is spelled e-d-u-c-a-t-e-d.

YM: educate 是教育，an educated guess 就是根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)、常識作出的猜測。

DONNY: That's Right!

YM: Hmm, well, I am guessing your glasses are worth 25 dollars!

DONNY: Wow... Yumiao, you're really good at this! The correct answer is 26 dollars!

YM: Yeah! I won! I won!

DONNY: 別激動了! Tell me what you've learned today!

YM: 第一，直覺叫 hunch 或 gut feeling；

第二，瞎猜叫 take a wild guess；

第三，有根據(jù)的推測是 an educated guess!

A: 這么說，如果我那個股民朋友選股票的時候真的只靠直覺，他也是took an educated guess, not a wild guess. 怎么說也得有點(diǎn)根據(jù)。

B: I agree. Okay, enough with the stock market. I don't want to remind myself that I lost money. 楊林，Tell me something to get my mind off the stock market.

A: Jessica, 不要灰心嘛！這樣吧，咱們來聽聽下面這個故事，有人坐飛機(jī)回家，結(jié)果一路上倒透了霉。跟他比比，或許你就不覺得自己最慘了！

B: Hmm, I like that idea! I could use other people's sad story to cheer myself up.

A: 好吧，那咱們就來聽“美語三級跳”。

GoEnglish: Flight─advanced

Take a flight: Advanced

(取材于 goenglish.me)

各位聽眾，大家好！今天我們?yōu)槟コ?ldquo;美語三級跳”節(jié)目“坐飛機(jī)”單元的高級課程。

Professor: Todd just arrived at his parents' house in Alaska after flying there from California. He is telling his parents about what a disastrous flight he had.

Winnie: 我還擔(dān)心Todd 因?yàn)槿ュe了候機(jī)樓趕不上飛機(jī)呢。這么說他并沒有誤機(jī)，那有什么好倒霉的呢？

Professor: Well, let's listen and find out!

Todd: I can't tell you how glad I am to be home! I had a horrible flight.

Mom: What happened? And why do you have that big stain on your shirt?

Todd: The flight attendant was reaching to serve a drink to the man sitting next to me, and suddenly the plane hit some turbulence and she spilled it all over me.

Dad: Well, did the airline company offer to pay for a new shirt?

Todd: Are you kidding me? They're too cheap even to give you peanuts now, much less a new shirt. The flight attendant gave me some soap and showed me where the lavatory was.

Winnie: 哦，飛機(jī)遇到了turbulence，氣流，結(jié)果飛機(jī)一顛簸，空姐就把給別人的飲料灑到Todd的襯衫上了。

Professor: That's exactly what happened, Winnie.

Winnie: 航空公司也沒賠新襯衫，給Todd一塊肥皂，把他打發(fā)到 lavatory去了？Professor Bowman, lavatory和bathroom是一回事么？

Professor: Yes, but when you're on an airplane you always call the bathroom the "lavatory."

Mom: The airline companies have gotten so cheap these days! When I was your age they gave really good service.

Dad: And can you believe that today they charge you to check your luggage? It's ridiculous!

Todd: Well that isn't even the worst part. When I got to the airport I accidentally went to the wrong terminal, so I had to run to make my flight.

Mom: Oh no! Did you make it on time?

Todd: Well, I got to the gate on time, but then the ticketing agent said that the flight had been overbooked!

Winnie: 這么說，Todd一路小跑總算趕上了飛機(jī)?？墒秋w機(jī) overbooked，這是什么意思？

Professor: Sometimes the airline companies sell more tickets than there are seats on the plane because they expect some people won't show up. But if everyone shows up and there aren't enough seats, you can say the flight was "overbooked."

Winnie: 噢，就是航班訂位超員了！這下可糟了。

Mom: So what happened? Did they let you get on the plane?

Todd: No, the plane was already full, so they bumped me to the next flight. But that flight wasn't until the next morning, so I had to stay the night in a lousy hotel.

Dad: Wow, that sounds terrible. Did they compensate you in some way?

Todd: Well, they gave me a voucher for a free flight.

Mom: Well that's not so bad! For one night of inconvenience, you can visit anywhere you want for free.

Winnie: 航空公司"bumped" Todd to the next flight，是不是安排他坐下一班飛機(jī)？

Professor: Exactly. The word "bump" is a casual way to say "move or "transfer." For example, "I was originally sitting in the economy cabin, but since I had lots of frequent flier miles the airline bumped me up to first class."

Winnie: 哦，這么說Todd因禍得福，雖然被迫在一個破酒店過夜，但卻得到了一張voucher， 機(jī)票代金券!

Dad: So where are you going to go with your free ticket? What about Hawaii?

Todd: No, the airline says I can only use it in the continental United States.

Mom: Well what about Florida? It's warm and sunny there too.

Todd: Actually, after this experience, I don't think I want to fly anywhere ever again.

Winnie: Professor, 機(jī)票代金券只能飛the continental United States是什么意思呢？

Professor: The continental United States are all the US states except for Alaska and Hawaii. Sometimes they are called the contiguous United States.

Winnie: 哦，所以continental United States指美國大陸，是除了阿拉斯加和夏威夷以外的美國各州。那也不錯啦！

Professor: Well, apparently Todd is not interested in flying ever Winnie: 可他幾天后還要坐飛機(jī)回洛杉磯啊？看來我們只能祝他下次旅途比這次順利嘍!

B: That really was a disastrous flight! I feel much better now.

A：我們不要再幸災(zāi)樂禍了。要是我遇到 overbooked plane─飛機(jī)定位超員，spend the night in a lousy hotel─不得不在一個破旅館等上一夜，然后the plane hit turbulence─飛機(jī)又遇上氣流，And someone spilled a drink all over me─別人把飲料灑我一身....天?。∥铱赡芫鸵偭?！

B: Don't be! It's not the end of the world. At least you made it home okay.

A: 對，就算好事多磨吧。其實(shí)說起倒霉事兒，我覺得最糟糕的就是得病，特別是得大病。

B: That's true. Health care is expensive, so getting sick can hurt you both physically and financially.

A: 對，這時候醫(yī)療保險就重要了，保什么，不保什么，直接關(guān)系到你的荷包。下面的“禮節(jié)美語”就講這個話題，我們來聽一聽！

Business Etiquette: Insurance I

ANDY向同事Jane咨詢公司醫(yī)療保險的事。

ANDY: Hey, Jane...are you familiar with our company's insurance policies?

Jane: Umm....I think so. What's up?

A: I've never really paid attention to the fine print of our insurance policies...but it looks like I'm going to need to make a claim.

J: Really? Are you OK?

A: I have a slipped disc in my lower back and the doctor says surgery is probably the best option. Does our worker insurance cover this kind of thing?

ANDY問Jane熟不熟悉公司的醫(yī)療保險條款，insurance是保險，policies是條款，醫(yī)生說他腰椎肩盤突出，可能要做手術(shù)，需要向保險公司make a claim，提出醫(yī)療賠償。ANDY說，自己從沒仔細(xì)研究過公司醫(yī)療保險的fine print，fine print小號字，意思是規(guī)定細(xì)則，不知道做腰椎肩盤手術(shù)，保險公司是不是出錢，這里動詞用cover, to cover this kind of thing 意思是保險涵蓋這類治療。

J: If the injury is workplace related I'm sure it's completely covered.

A: Hummm...I think I'll have to talk to the doctor again about that. Anyway...now that I'm going to have to make some claims, I think I'd better try and understand how the system works. Would you mind breaking it down for me?

J: Sure. Basically we have two insurance policies for employees...workman's compensation and medical insurance. The company pays the premiums for workman's compensation, and for a significant part of the medical coverage, but you pay part of that premium, too.

Jane說，如果病情起因跟工作有關(guān)，那保險肯定是管的，她還給ANDY做了進(jìn)一步解釋，這里用的 break something down意思是把一件事情分成幾部分，詳細(xì)說明。Jane說，公司有兩種保險，一種是workman's compensation, 工人撫恤金保險，保費(fèi)由公司出；另一種是medical coverage醫(yī)療保險，公司出一大部分保費(fèi)，其余由員工出，在醫(yī)療保險中，保費(fèi)是premium, p-r-e-m-i-u-m, premium保費(fèi)。

A: That's the charge for insurance I see on my pay slip each month, right?

J: Yep. Every country in the world has a different system, but here we buy insurance from a private provider.

A: So workman's compensation is if I slip and break my arm while working in the office or on the job, right?

J: That's right. The company pays for all your medical bills and there is also some financial compensation if you have to take days off to see doctors or spend time recuperating.

ANDY說，自己每月工資單上都會有一欄扣的就是醫(yī)療保險的保費(fèi)，工資單在英語里叫 pay slip. ANDY又問，workman's compensation是不是只管在工作場所或是工作期間受的傷，Jane回答說，沒錯，在這種情況下，不僅一切醫(yī)療費(fèi)用都由公司出，而且如果員工需要 take days off請假去看醫(yī)生，或是休養(yǎng) recuperate, recuperate is spelled r-e-c-u-p-e-r-a-t-e, recuperate, 還能得到某些經(jīng)濟(jì)補(bǔ)貼。

B：Read the fine print before signing on the dotted line!

A: 看來，Andy 在同意買公司的醫(yī)療保險時就沒把細(xì)則看清楚。真希望公司保險能負(fù)擔(dān)她手術(shù)的費(fèi)用！

B: I hope so too. Sometimes the insurance companies make very complicated rules about plan coverage, and few consumers can understand them.

A: 沒錯。到了生病手術(shù)的關(guān)鍵時刻，才發(fā)現(xiàn)保險公司根本不負(fù)擔(dān)這些花銷，那可真是要抓瞎了！

B: One way to avoid getting yourself into that situation is to exercise and stay healthy!

A: 說得對！咱們下面就來聽“體育美語”，一起鍛煉身體！

American sports English: Distance Events

P: Yang Chen, You are totally out of breath. What's wrong? Are you running away from the police? What did you do THIS time?

Y: Hey! NOT funny! 警察才不會追我呢。我是在練長跑。I'm training for the 1500m.

P: So you want to be the fastest in the world?

Y: No. I don't want to be the fastest, I just want to be faster than you.

P: That's not so easy. You know I'm very good at distance events.

Y 你擅長distance events，那我們要比試比試才知道誰更快。

P: Well, speed isn't the only important thing to win a distance race, Yang Chen.

Y: Yeah yeah, I know - 長跑除了speed速度，還要有patience - 耐心 - right?

P: Well, patience is good, and so is endurance. E-N-D-U-R-A-N-C-E

Y: Ohhhhhh. Endurance. - 耐力 -

P: Right. That is the ability to sustain physical activity for a long period of time without stopping.

In the Olympics, distance events are among the most difficult because they involve speed, endurance, patience, and - tactics.

Y: Tactics - 策略? 你不是讓我把前面那個人絆倒吧？

P: No, please don't trip the person in front of you!

By tactics , I mean planning ahead how to make your moves.

For example, some of the world's greatest distance runners do not take the lead until the very end of the race, so they can conserve energy.

Y: 沒錯，好像最后得冠軍的都不是一開始跑在最前面的人，而是到了最后才take the lead 。

P: Right. And they have to maintain the lead until they make a final kick K-I-C-K.

Y: Make a final kick 不是踢別人一下，而是最后沖刺 。

P: The runner's sprint in the end of the race.

So, Yang Chen, have you been working on YOUR kick? OW!

Y: You mean, THAT kind of kick?

P: Ouch, that hurts.

Y: That's my tactics to beat you!

A: 原來長跑也講究tactics─策略！

B: Tactics are important in all kinds of competitions, including when you buy and sell stocks. Oh no, I'm back to the stock market again!

A: 就是啊，怎么又說回來了。好了，等下了節(jié)目，我陪你去逛街吧，省得你老想著股票的事兒。

B: That's sweet of you. But remember to stop me when I want to buy things, 'cos I don't have much more money left! 錢都被套牢了！

A: 又來了！ 好了，今天的節(jié)目時間差不多了。這次的撰稿人是曉北，編輯是蔚然。同學(xué)們，我們下次的美語訓(xùn)練班再見!

B：Bye!