1.
state n. 情形, 狀態(tài), 國(guó)家, 政府, 州 vt.聲明, 陳述, 規(guī)定
For the century before Johnson’s Dictionary was published in 1775 there had been concern about the state of the English language.
statement n.聲明, 陳述, 綜述
2.
special adj.特別的, 特殊的, 專門的
especially adv.尤其,特別
specialization n.特殊化, 專門化
specialise v.專業(yè)化,專門研究
specialised adj. 專門的, ??频?/p>
In the 19th century, new, specialised, professional societies were instituted to promote and publish in the new disciplines.
specialist n. 專家
speciality n.特性, 特質(zhì), 專業(yè)
specify vt.指定, 詳細(xì)說明
specific adj.詳細(xì)而精確的, 明確的
An early scientific journal fostered a new kind of writing based on short descriptions of specific experiments.
specifically adv.特定的, 明確的
species n.種類
Extinct species are being replaced by new species.
3.
differ vi.不同
In both cases the critical day length differs from species to species.
difference n.差異, 差別
different adj.不同的
Different groups of researchers attacked different problems, from speech recognition to chess playing, in different ways.
differentiate v.區(qū)別, 區(qū)分
4.
appropriate adj.適當(dāng)?shù)?/p>
inappropriate adj.不適當(dāng)?shù)?/p>
5.
staff n. 全體職員
6.
contradict vt.同...矛盾
contradiction n.反駁, 矛盾
contrary adj.相反的, 逆的
contrast vt.使與...對(duì)比 n.對(duì)比, 對(duì)照
7.
claim n.(根據(jù)權(quán)利提出)要求, 主張 vt.(根據(jù)權(quán)利)要求, 主張
claimant n.(根據(jù)權(quán)利)提出要求者
reclaim vt.要求歸還,開墾
reclamation n.收回,開墾
8.
similar adj.相似的, 類似的
Across Europe similar academies and societies arose, creating new national traditions of science.
similarly adv.同樣地, 類似于
similarity n.類似, 類似處
assimilation n.同化
9.
evidence n.明顯, 顯著,證據(jù)
There is plenty of scientific evidence to support photoperiodism.
evident adj.明顯的, 顯然的
10.
major n. 主修課 adj.主修的,主要的 vi.主修
Grime (1966) suggests that light may be one of the major components directing these adaptations.
majority n.多數(shù), 大半
11.
further adj.更遠(yuǎn)的, 更多的 vt.促進(jìn), 增進(jìn), 助長(zhǎng)
furthermore adv.此外, 而且
12.
involve t.包括,使陷于
Kant believed that a successful joke involves the controlled release of nervous energy.
involvement n.連累, 包含
revolve v.旋轉(zhuǎn)
revolution n.革命,旋轉(zhuǎn)
revolutionary adj.革命的,全新的
n.革命者 revolutionise vt.使徹底改變
evolve vt. (使)進(jìn)化, (使)發(fā)展
evolution n. 進(jìn)化, 發(fā)展
evolutionary adj.進(jìn)化的
13.
complete adj.全部的, 完全的 vt.完成, 使完善
It was a very expensive and time-consuming process that took around six months to complete.
completely adv.十分, 完全地
completion n.完成
Johnson only received payment for his Dictionary on its completion.
accomplish vt.完成,實(shí)現(xiàn)
accomplishment n.完成,成就
14.
suit v.適合 n.一套衣服
suitable adj.適當(dāng)?shù)? 相配
Latin was suitable for an international audience of scholars, whereas English reached a socially wider, but more local, audience.
suitcase n.手提箱, 衣箱
15.
person n.人, 身體
personal adj.私人的, 個(gè)人的
Most comedians use personal situations as a source of humour.
personalize v.使成私人的, 人格化
personality n.個(gè)性, 人格
Researchers claim that the human personality is formed during the first two years of life.
personnel n.人員, 職員
16.
accommodate vt.供應(yīng), 供給, 容納
accommodation n.住處, 膳宿
17.
economy n.經(jīng)濟(jì), 節(jié)約
economic adj.經(jīng)濟(jì)(上)的
It would be best to attempt to slow down economic growth.
economical adj.節(jié)約的 economist n.經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)者, 經(jīng)濟(jì)家
economics n.經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)
18.
alter v.改變
alternative n.二中擇一, 可供選擇的辦法, 事物 adj.選擇性的, 二中擇一的
alternate adj.交替的, 輪流的 v.交替, 輪流, 改變
19.
effect n.效果, 作用, 影響
effective adj.有效的
effectiveness n.效力
effort n.努力, 成就
affect vt.影響, 感動(dòng)
affection n. 影響, 愛情,
affective adj.情感的
affecting adj.感人的, 動(dòng)人的
efficient adj.(直接)生效的, 有效率的
efficiency n.效率, 功效
sufficient adj.充分的,足夠的
insufficient adj.不足的,不夠的
20.
experiment n.實(shí)驗(yàn), 試驗(yàn) vi.進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn), 做試驗(yàn)
experimental adj.實(shí)驗(yàn)的
experimentation n.實(shí)驗(yàn), 試驗(yàn), 實(shí)驗(yàn)法
experimenter n.實(shí)驗(yàn)者
21.
approach n.接近, 方法 vt.接近
His approach to the problems that had worried writers throughout the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries was intensely practical.
approachability n.可接近
22.
previous adj.在前的, 早先的
Working to a deadline, he had to draw on the best of all previous dictionaries, and to make his work one of heroic synthesis.
23.
gene n. [遺傳]基因
genetic adj.遺傳的
genetics n.遺傳學(xué)
24.
object n.物體, 目標(biāo), 賓語(yǔ), 對(duì)象 vi.反對(duì), 拒絕, 抗議 objection n.異議,拒絕 objective n.目標(biāo), 目的 adj.客觀的
25.
amount n.數(shù)量 vi.(to) 總計(jì), 等于
26.
mean adj.低劣的,吝嗇的 vt.意謂 n.平均數(shù)
meaning n.意義, 含意 meaningful adj.意味深長(zhǎng)的
27.
coal n.煤
coal-mining n.挖煤
28.
quality n.質(zhì)量, 品質(zhì), 性質(zhì)
qualify v.(使)具有資格, 證明合格
qualification n.資格, 條件
qualitative adj.性質(zhì)上的, 定性的
29.
medicine n.藥, 醫(yī)學(xué)
medical adj.醫(yī)學(xué)的, 內(nèi)科的
medication n.藥物治療, 藥物處理, 藥物
30.
term n.學(xué)期,條款,術(shù)語(yǔ)
termly adj.定期的, 每一期的
terminology n.術(shù)語(yǔ)學(xué)
31.
perform vt.履行, 執(zhí)行, 表演
performance n.履行,成績(jī),表演
32.
subject n.題目, 學(xué)科,實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象 adj.受制于...的, 受...影響的,
Several of the subjects were psychology students at Yale University.
subjective adj.主觀的, 個(gè)人的
Peter Derks believes that humour relate to a person's subjective views.
33.
sense n.官能, 感覺, 意義 vt.感到, 理解, 認(rèn)識(shí)
Johnson was a poet and critic who raised common sense to the heights of genius.
sensation n.感覺, 感情
sensitive adj.敏感的, 靈敏的
sensitivity n.敏感, 靈敏(度)
sensor n.傳感器
sensory adj.感覺的, 感官的
sensus n. 感覺
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