1)反問(wèn)句
Isn’t that just for when you need help with writing/, like an essay or research paper? (TPO24-C2)
同學(xué)們一聽(tīng)就會(huì)知道是個(gè)問(wèn)句,以及會(huì)聽(tīng)到writing、research paper這些詞,但會(huì)感覺(jué)開(kāi)頭有點(diǎn)快,這一點(diǎn)主要因?yàn)榘l(fā)音快導(dǎo)致不易辨認(rèn)清楚。本句其實(shí)是Isn’t just for sth.這種反問(wèn)句句式,在聽(tīng)的方面主要是區(qū)分isn’t that和is that的發(fā)音;在理解上就要注意反問(wèn)句所表達(dá)的偏強(qiáng)調(diào)的意思。
2)強(qiáng)調(diào)句
But actually, it was a physicist/ who came up with a method that was a breakthrough. (TPO15-L3)
這句話(huà)較簡(jiǎn)單,主要是同學(xué)們?nèi)菀茁?tīng)懂了仍然不清楚這是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型it was sb. who…,而這個(gè)句型基本上是初中語(yǔ)法知識(shí),但你看,作為用得少的典范,就容易反應(yīng)不出,即使它再簡(jiǎn)單。
3)插入語(yǔ)
So the original hypothesis/ that the stones found with sauropods were gastroliths/, even though it hasn’t been supported/, has helped us to make new hypothesis/, which may eventually lead to the answer. (TPO27-L3)
這句話(huà)比剛才的難度要大,首先要判斷出that引出同位語(yǔ),指hypothesis,所以從the original hypothesis到gastroliths是主語(yǔ),根據(jù)我們上一期文章提到的抓“核心主謂賓”的方法,要有意識(shí)抓謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。接著聽(tīng)到even though,這個(gè)時(shí)候就要召喚語(yǔ)法預(yù)判能力了,因?yàn)閑ven though固定搭配“雖然…但是…/即使…也…”,所以even though引導(dǎo)的都是讓步從句,我們?nèi)匀灰ブ骶?,也就繼續(xù)等待剛才“the original hypothesis…gastroliths”主語(yǔ)部分之后的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞出現(xiàn),此后我們聽(tīng)到has helped…確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。到此為止,主干部分已經(jīng)清楚So the original hypothesis…has helped us to make new hypothesis。最后which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句修飾new hypothesis,較簡(jiǎn)單。
另外本句要注意聽(tīng)出hasn’t been supported, has helped的否定和肯定,否則邏輯仍會(huì)混亂。本句語(yǔ)法成分較多:同位語(yǔ),插入語(yǔ),定語(yǔ)從句,但相對(duì)最難的是插入語(yǔ)。
4)被動(dòng)句
It was presented in the works of well-known Greek philosophers/ as early as the fourth century B.C.E. (TPO21-L1)
本句如果第一遍沒(méi)聽(tīng)懂,則要在精聽(tīng)中的第二遍聽(tīng)主干,也就是核心主謂賓:It was presented…再在第三遍抓里面的細(xì)節(jié),也就是其他介詞引導(dǎo)的部分;其中注意連讀works of,as early as;本句為大家也用得相對(duì)較少的被動(dòng)句句式。
5)倒裝句
Only after the site at Gonur-depe was excavated/ were archaeologists able to identify it/ as coming from Gonur-depe. (TPO28-L4)
本句首先聽(tīng)聽(tīng)前半部分有明顯的停頓were,那么迅速判斷only after…were是明顯的倒裝句。事實(shí)上本句很多同學(xué)看都不一定看得懂,這就考查語(yǔ)法功底的扎實(shí)程度了。
以上就是托福聽(tīng)力中聽(tīng)懂復(fù)雜句式長(zhǎng)難句的一些實(shí)例分析,希望大家能夠從中收獲到一些技巧要點(diǎn),順利聽(tīng)懂這些高難度的句式。
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