用英語說中國(guó)旅游華東地區(qū) 03：廬山自然概況1

廬山

Natural Features

自然概況

Mount Lushan is 36 kilometers south of Jiujiang City，Jiangxi Province. It lies south of Yangtze River and west of Poyang Lake.The scenic area covers 350 square kilometers with the buffer zone reaching out for 500 square kilometers. Mt Lushan is well known since ancient times for its magnificence，marvel，precipice，and grace.

廬山距江西省九江市36公里。它北臨長(zhǎng)江，東瀕鄱陽(yáng)湖，整個(gè)景區(qū)占地 350平方公里，外圍保護(hù)地帶面積為500平方公里，自古就以“雄奇險(xiǎn)秀”聞名于世。

Mt Lushan has plenty of scenic attractions，including the Wulaofeng(Five El erly Men Peaks)， Xianrendong(Immortal's Cavern)and the White Deer Cave Academy.The White Deer Cave Academy was one of the earliest institutes of higher learning in China. It was first built by Li Bo，an official of Tang Dynasty(618- 907)at the beginning of the seventh century and was extended during the Song Dynasty(960一1279)It was ore of the four largest academies in China，and teachers such as Zhu Xi and Lu Xiiangshan，philosophers of the Southern Song Dynasty(1127一1279)，had many students here.

廬山擁有眾多名勝景點(diǎn)，其中包括五老峰，仙人洞和自鹿洞書院。白鹿洞書院是我國(guó)南宋時(shí)期的最高學(xué)府，它最早由唐朝(7世紀(jì)初)官員李渤建立，后又?jǐn)U建于宋朝。它是中國(guó)古代最大的四所書院之一。朱熹等歷史名人曾在在學(xué)淪此路論道，南宋許多哲人也有眾多弟子在此。

Mt Lushan has also the unusual glacial traces of the Quarernary Period,and a rich collection of landforms such as rivers，lakes，slopes，and peaks，regarded as a garden of geology. It has 171 peaks recognized with a name long ago，of which the summit Dahanyang Peak rises up for 1474m above sea level .Scattered among the peaks are 26 ridges and hills，20 ravines and gullies，16 caves，and 22 groups of grotesque rocks. Waters gush down the mountain and form 22 falls ，18 streams，and 14 ponds or fakes. Its Three-stepped Fall is reputed worldwide and has a height difference as big as 155m.

廬山還擁有獨(dú)特的第四紀(jì)冰川遺跡，有河流、湖泊、坡地、山峰等多種地貌類型,具有地質(zhì)公園之稱，廬山自古被命名的山I峰有171座，主峰左漢陽(yáng)峰的海拔為1.474米。群峰間散布著崗嶺26座，塹谷20 條，巖洞16個(gè)、怪石22處。水流在起伏的山谷間跌宕，有瀑布22處，溪澗18條，湖潭14處。馳名中外的廬山三疊泉瀑布，落差達(dá)155米。

Mt Lushan has a wealth of biological resources in an integrated ecological system. About 76.6% of the area is covered with forests， providing a paradise for over 3 000 species of plants，2 000 insects， 171 birds，and 33 animals. At the foot there is also the Poyang Lake Migrant Birds Reserve，protecting the largest community of white crane in the world，and other rare birds such as white-napped crane and white head stork, amounting to over 4 000 individuals.

廬山物資源豐富，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)完整。森林覆蓋率達(dá)76.6%，植物有3000余種，昆蟲2 000余種， 鳥類171種，獸類33種。山麓還有鄱陽(yáng)湖候鳥保護(hù)區(qū)，保護(hù)區(qū)內(nèi)發(fā)現(xiàn)了世界上最大的白鶴群以及白枕鶴、白頭鶴等珍稀鳥類，總數(shù)達(dá)4000多只。

The climate of Mt Lushan is that of subtropical monsoon，typical of mountainous areas Tfre temperature drops as the mountain rises higher. In summer it isexceptionally cool , and has long been reputed as a world famous resort from the summer heat.

廬山處于亞熱帶季風(fēng)區(qū)域，具有山地氣候特色，氣溫隨高度而遞減。這里夏季特別涼爽，是世界著名的避署勝地。

Mt Lushan is a holy site of religions as well，and in one mountain there hosts five major religions of the world. Well preserved in Mt Lushan are over 20 sites of ancient times，as well as 600 or more sites of the mediaeval times. The scenic quarters boast for its 16 natural wonders ,474 sites of interest，900 cliff inscriptions， 300 stone steles,and 600 villas of modern times in various Chinese or foreign styles.

廬山還是宗教的薈萃地，一山聚集了五大宗教。廬山地區(qū)，有遠(yuǎn)古文化遺址20余處和中古文化遺址600余處。在風(fēng)景區(qū)范圍內(nèi)，有16個(gè)自然奇觀、474處景點(diǎn)、900余處摩崖石刻、近300余塊碑刻，還有600余幢風(fēng)格各異的近代中外別墅。

Mt Lushan is recognized as one of the first group of the key scenic sites in China. In 1991 it was award with the honor of one of the“Top Forty tourism sites of China".In December of 1996，Mt Lushan was inscribed in the World Heritage List. as a world natural scenery. And in February，2004，Mt Lushan National Geopark was approved by UNESCO as a site of the World Geological Parks on its list of World Network of Geoparks.

廬山是首批國(guó)家重點(diǎn)風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)，1991年榮獲“中國(guó)旅游勝地40佳”稱號(hào)。 1996年12月，廬山作為“世界文化景觀”被列人《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》。2004年2月，江西廬山地質(zhì)公園被聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織世界地質(zhì)公園專家評(píng)審會(huì)列人世界地質(zhì)公園名錄。