卡耐基演講·介紹演講者、頒獎(jiǎng)和領(lǐng)獎(jiǎng)

當(dāng)你被邀請(qǐng)當(dāng)眾講話時(shí)，你可以推介另一個(gè)人，或者自己作個(gè)較長(zhǎng)的講演，目的是說(shuō)明、愉悅聽(tīng)眾或說(shuō)服聽(tīng)眾。也許你是民間組織的節(jié)目主持人，或是婦女俱樂(lè)部的一員，有介紹下次會(huì)議主講人的義務(wù)，或者你企盼要在當(dāng)?shù)氐膵D女會(huì)里講演，或是在自己的銷(xiāo)售小組、工會(huì)聚會(huì)或政治組織里講話。在最后一節(jié)里，我會(huì)給你一些提示，教你準(zhǔn)備較長(zhǎng)的演講，本節(jié)則幫助你準(zhǔn)備介紹辭，同時(shí)也就頒獎(jiǎng)和領(lǐng)獎(jiǎng)方面提一點(diǎn)有用的建議。WHEN YOU ARE called upon to speak in public, you may introduce another speaker or make a longer talk to inform, entertain, convince, or persuade. Per?haps you are program chairman of a civic organization or a member of a women's club and you face the task of introducing the main speaker at your next meeting, or perhaps you are looking forward to the time when you will address the local PTA, your sales group, a union meeting, or a political organization. In Chapter Thirteen, I will give you hints on preparing the longer type of talk, and this chapter will help you to prepare a speech of introduction. I shall give you also some valuable hints on presenting and accepting awards.

約翰·馬森·柏朗是作家兼演講家，他活潑生動(dòng)的演講，在全國(guó)各地贏得了無(wú)數(shù)聽(tīng)眾。一天晚上，他和將把他介紹給聽(tīng)眾的主持人談話。John Mason Brown, the writer and lecturer, whose lively talks have won audiences everywhere in the country, was speaking one night with the man who was to introduce him to his audience.

“別擔(dān)心要說(shuō)什么，”那個(gè)主持人對(duì)柏朗說(shuō)，“放輕松點(diǎn)，我才不相信演講還要準(zhǔn)備。哼，準(zhǔn)備有啥用，破壞了整個(gè)事的美感，也壞了興頭。我就只等著站起來(lái)時(shí)感覺(jué)來(lái)找我——還從來(lái)沒(méi)有過(guò)閃失呢！”Stop worrying about what you are going to say, the man told Mr. Brown. "Relax. I don't believe in preparing a speech. Nope, preparation's no good. Spoils the charm of the thing; kills gaiety. I just wait for the inspiration to come to me when I'm on my feet-and it never fails."

這些信心十足的保證的話不禁讓柏朗憧憬有一個(gè)好的介紹，他在《積習(xí)難去》一書(shū)里這樣回憶。不料，這個(gè)人站起來(lái)卻說(shuō)出了這樣的話：These reassuring words let Mr. Brown look forward to a fine introduction, he recalls in his book, Accustomed As I Am. But when the man arose to make it, it came out this way:

“各位先生，請(qǐng)注意一下好嗎？今晚有個(gè)壞消息告訴你們，我們本想請(qǐng)艾瑟克·F.馬可松跟各位講演，可是他病了不能來(lái)。（鼓掌）然后我們又想請(qǐng)參議員柏萊錐基來(lái)向你們講話……可是他又太忙了。（鼓掌）最后我們想請(qǐng)堪薩斯城的洛伊德·葛羅更博士前來(lái)對(duì)各位講話也不成。（鼓掌）所以，我們只有——約翰·馬森·柏朗來(lái)替代了。（鴉雀無(wú)聲）”Gentlemen, may I have your attention, please? We have bad news for you tonight. We wanted to have Isaac F. Marcosson speak to you, but he couldn't come. He's sick. (Applause.) Next we asked Senator Bledridge to address you ... but he was busy. (Applause.) Finally we tried in vain to get Doctor Lloyd Grogan of Kansas City to come down to speak to you. (Applause.) So, instead, we have-John Mason Brown. (Silence.)

柏朗先生回想這次的遭遇時(shí)只說(shuō)：“至少我的朋友，那位大靈感家，總算說(shuō)對(duì)了我的名字?！盡r. Brown, recalling this disaster, said only: "At least my friend, that inspirationalist, got my name correctly."

你當(dāng)然看得出，那個(gè)確信自己的靈感可以應(yīng)付一切的人，就算他原意就是要把事情搞砸，也不會(huì)比他現(xiàn)在弄得更糟了。他的介紹違背了作為介紹人的職責(zé)，也有愧于他對(duì)聽(tīng)眾的職責(zé)。這樣的職責(zé)并不多，但很重要，讓人驚訝的是，許多節(jié)目主持人都不明白這一點(diǎn)。Of course you can see that this man, who was so sure his inspiration would carry him through, couldn't have done much worse if he had tried to do so. His introduction violated every obligation he had both to the speaker whom he was introducing and to the audience which was to hear the speaker. There aren't many of these obligations, but they are important, and it is astonishing how many program chairmen fail to realize this.

介紹辭具有與交際介紹相同的作用。它讓演講人和聽(tīng)眾相會(huì)在一起，營(yíng)造友好的氣氛，在講演者和聽(tīng)眾之間建立起興趣的橋梁。如果有人說(shuō)：“你不必說(shuō)什么話，你只需介紹講演人就行了?！蹦敲矗@個(gè)人可就把事情看得太簡(jiǎn)單了。沒(méi)有哪一種講演比介紹辭更被人破壞得體無(wú)完膚了，這可能就是因?yàn)樵S多準(zhǔn)備介紹辭的主持人瞧不起它的緣故。The speech of introduction serves the same purpose as a social introduction. It brings the speaker and the audience together, establishes a friendly atmosphere, and creates a bond of interest between them. The man who says, "You don't have to make a speech, all you have to do is introduce the speaker," is guilty of under statement. No speech is more mangled than the speech of introduction, probably because it is looked upon as unimportant by many chairmen who are entrusted with the duty of preparing and delivering it.

介紹辭——這個(gè)詞是由兩個(gè)拉丁文詞素構(gòu)成的，即intra（至內(nèi)部）、ducere（引領(lǐng)）所構(gòu)成——所以應(yīng)該是引領(lǐng)我們完全地進(jìn)入題目的內(nèi)部，讓我們想聽(tīng)聽(tīng)有關(guān)它的討論。同時(shí)，它也應(yīng)該引領(lǐng)我們了解演講者，看看能顯示他足以勝任對(duì)這一特別題目進(jìn)行探討的事實(shí)。換句話說(shuō)，介紹辭應(yīng)該能把題目“推銷(xiāo)”給聽(tīng)眾，也應(yīng)將演講人“推銷(xiāo)”給聽(tīng)眾，而且應(yīng)盡可能在最短的時(shí)間內(nèi)，把這些事情做完、做好。An introduction-that term was fashioned from two Latin words, intra, to the inside, and ducere, to lead-ought to lead us to the inside of the topic sufficiently to make us want to hear it discussed. It ought to lead us to the inside facts regarding the speaker, facts that demonstrate his fitness for discussing this particular topic. In other words, an introduction ought to "sell" the topic to the audience and it ought to "sell" the speaker. And it ought to do these things in the briefest amount of time possible.

這就是介紹辭應(yīng)該做到的?？墒窃谒械慕榻B辭中，十之八九沒(méi)有做到——我特別強(qiáng)調(diào)“沒(méi)有”。多數(shù)的介紹辭都是拙劣的，既軟弱又空泛。怎么會(huì)這樣呢？如果做介紹的人明白自己任務(wù)的重大，而且以正確的方式去進(jìn)行，他一定很快就會(huì)成為大家爭(zhēng)相邀請(qǐng)的典禮主席或主持人了。That is what it ought to do. How does it? Nine times out of ten, no-emphatically no. Most introductions are poor affairs, feeble and inexcusably inadequate. They do not have to be. If the speaker making the introduction realizes the importance of his task and goes about doing it in the right way he will soon be in demand as a chairman or master of ceremonies.

以下的建議，可幫你準(zhǔn)備一套組織完備的介紹辭。Here are some suggestions to' help you make a well organized speech of introduction.